JAVA使用HtmlUnit爬虫工具模拟登陆CSDN案例
最近要弄一个爬虫程序,想着先来个简单的模拟登陆, 在权衡JxBrowser
和HtmlUnit
两种技术, JxBowser
有界面呈现效果,但是对于某些js跳转之后的效果获取比较繁琐。
随后考虑用HtmlUnit
, 想着借用咱们CSND的登陆练练手。谁知道CSDN的登陆,js加载时间超长,不设置长一点的加载时间,按钮提交根本没效果,js没生效。 具体看代码注释吧。 奉劝做爬虫的同志们,千万别用CSDN登陆练手,坑死我了。
maven
配置如下:
<dependencies> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.sourceforge.htmlunit/htmlunit --> <dependency> <groupId>net.sourceforge.htmlunit</groupId> <artifactId>htmlunit</artifactId> <version>2.18</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.jsoup/jsoup --> <dependency> <groupId>org.jsoup</groupId> <artifactId>jsoup</artifactId> <version>1.9.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
代码如下:
package com.test; import java.io.IOException; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.BrowserVersion; import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.FailingHttpStatusCodeException; import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.NicelyResynchronizingAjaxController; import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.SilentCssErrorHandler; import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.WebClient; import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.html.HtmlButtonInput; import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.html.HtmlForm; import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.html.HtmlPage; import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.html.HtmlPasswordInput; import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.html.HtmlTextInput; import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.util.Cookie; public class SimulateLogin { //访问的目标网址(CSDN) private static String TARGET_URL = "https://passport.csdn.net/account/login?from=http://www.csdn.net"; public static void main(String[] args) throws FailingHttpStatusCodeException, MalformedURLException, IOException { // 模拟一个浏览器 WebClient webClient = new WebClient(BrowserVersion.CHROME); // 设置webClient的相关参数 webClient.setCssErrorHandler(new SilentCssErrorHandler()); //设置ajax webClient.setAjaxController(new NicelyResynchronizingAjaxController()); //设置支持js webClient.getOptions().setJavaScriptEnabled(true); //CSS渲染禁止 webClient.getOptions().setCssEnabled(false); //超时时间 webClient.getOptions().setTimeout(50000); //设置js抛出异常:false webClient.getOptions().setThrowExceptionOnScriptError(false); //允许重定向 webClient.getOptions().setRedirectEnabled(true); //允许cookie webClient.getCookieManager().setCookiesEnabled(true); // 模拟浏览器打开一个目标网址 HtmlPage page = webClient.getPage(TARGET_URL); /**等待js加载完全,CSDN这点 特别坑,js加载时间超长!!!!!!! 后人切记不要用CSDN模拟登陆!!!!!!!**/ webClient.waitForBackgroundJavaScript(10000*3); // 根据form的名字获取页面表单,也可以通过索引来获取:page.getForms().get(0) HtmlForm form = (HtmlForm) page.getElementById("fm1"); HtmlTextInput username = (HtmlTextInput) form.getInputByName("username"); HtmlPasswordInput password = (HtmlPasswordInput) form.getInputByName("password"); username.setValueAttribute("********"); //用户名 password.setValueAttribute("********"); //密码 HtmlButtonInput button = (HtmlButtonInput) page.getByXPath("//input[contains(@class, 'logging')]").get(0); // ScriptResult result = page.executeJavaScript("javascript:document.getElementsByClassName('logging')[0].click()"); // HtmlPage retPage = (HtmlPage) result.getNewPage(); HtmlPage retPage = button.click(); // 等待JS驱动dom完成获得还原后的网页 webClient.waitForBackgroundJavaScript(1000); //输出跳转网页的地址 System.out.println(retPage.getUrl().toString()); //输出跳转网页的内容 System.out.println(retPage.asXml()); //获取cookie Set<Cookie> cookies = webClient.getCookieManager().getCookies(); Map<String, String> responseCookies = new HashMap<String, String>(); for (Cookie c : cookies) { responseCookies.put(c.getName(), c.getValue()); System.out.print(c.getName()+":"+c.getValue()); } webClient.close(); System.out.println("Success!"); } }
另外,CSDN的JS总是莫名其妙的报一堆错,如果不想看,想忽略的话,在创建WebClient
前加上如下代码:
//设置日志级别,原页面js异常不打印 LogFactory.getFactory().setAttribute("org.apache.commons.logging.Log", "org.apache.commons.logging.impl.NoOpLog"); java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger("com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit") .setLevel(Level.OFF); java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger("org.apache.commons.httpclient") .setLevel(Level.OFF);
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