Java 生成带Logo和文字的二维码
ZXing 是一个开放源码的,用Java实现的多种格式的1D/2D条码图像处理库,它包含了联系到其他语言的端口。Zxing 可以实现使用手机的内置的摄像头完成条形码的扫描及解码。本章讲解用 ZXing 生成和扫码二维码。
依赖
在Java项目中pom.xml加入:
<dependency> <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId> <artifactId>core</artifactId> <version>${version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId> <artifactId>javase</artifactId> <version>${version}</version> </dependency>
当前最新版本是3.4.1,如果是Java开发的Android项目则引入 android-core 。
生成二维码
生成普通二维码
// 二维码内容 String text = "https://engr-z.com"; // 二维码大小 int width = 500, height = 500; // 二维码输出文件 File file = new File("/home/engr-z/qrcode.png"); QRCodeWriter writer = new QRCodeWriter(); BitMatrix m = writer.encode(text, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height); MatrixToImageWriter.writeToPath(m, "png", file.toPath());
如果内容较多,需要增大二维码尺寸。尺寸小内容多,二维码图形越复杂越难识别。
生成带Logo二维码
// 二维码内容 String text = "https://engr-z.com"; // 二维码大小 int width = 500, height = 500; // 二维码参数 CodeStyle style = new CodeStyle(); style.setWidth(width); style.setHeight(height); Map<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<>(); //内容编码格式 hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8"); // 指定纠错等级 hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H); //设置二维码边的空度,非负数 hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1); // 生成二维码图片 QRCodeWriter writer = new QRCodeWriter(); BitMatrix bm = writer.encode(text, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, style.getWidth(), style.getHeight(), hints); int margin = style.getMargin(); int tempM = margin*2; int[] rec = bm.getEnclosingRectangle(); //获取二维码图案的属性 int resWidth = rec[2] + tempM; int resHeight = rec[3] + tempM; BitMatrix resMatrix = new BitMatrix(resWidth, resHeight); // 按照自定义边框生成新的BitMatrix resMatrix.clear(); for (int i = margin; i < resWidth - margin; i++) { //循环,将二维码图案绘制到新的bitMatrix中 for (int j = margin; j < resHeight - margin; j++){ if (bm.get(i - margin + rec[0], j - margin + rec[1])){ resMatrix.set(i, j); } } } bm = resMatrix; int w = bm.getWidth(); int h = bm.getHeight(); BufferedImage qrcodeBuffImg = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); // 开始利用二维码数据创建Bitmap图片 for (int x = 0; x < w; x++) { for (int y = 0; y < h; y++) { qrcodeBuffImg.setRGB(x, y, bm.get(x, y) ? style.getCodeColor() : style.getBackgroundColor()); } } /** * 读取Logo图片 */ File logoFile = new File("/home/engr-z/logo.png"); BufferedImage logo = ImageIO.read(logoFile); /** * 设置logo的大小,设置为二维码图片的20% */ int widthLogo = logo.getWidth(null) > qrcodeBuffImg.getWidth() * 3 / 10 ? (qrcodeBuffImg.getWidth() * 3 / 10) : logo.getWidth(null), heightLogo = logo.getHeight(null) > qrcodeBuffImg.getHeight() * 3 / 10 ? (qrcodeBuffImg.getHeight() * 3 / 10) : logo.getWidth(null); /** * logo在二维码的位置 */ int x = (qrcodeBuffImg.getWidth() - widthLogo) / 2; int y = (qrcodeBuffImg.getHeight() - heightLogo) / 2; Graphics2D qrcodeOutg = qrcodeBuffImg.createGraphics(); // 把logo写到二维码图片中间 qrcodeOutg.drawImage(logo, x, y, widthLogo, heightLogo, null); qrcodeOutg.dispose(); qrcodeBuffImg.flush(); // 新的图片,把带logo的二维码下面加上文字 String desc = "https://engr-z.com"; int textHeight = 26; int textMargin = 10; BufferedImage outImage = new BufferedImage(qrcodeBuffImg.getWidth(), qrcodeBuffImg.getHeight() + textHeight + (textMargin * 2), BufferedImage.TYPE_4BYTE_ABGR); Graphics2D outg = outImage.createGraphics(); // 画二维码到新的面板 outg.drawImage(qrcodeBuffImg, 0, 0, qrcodeBuffImg.getWidth(), qrcodeBuffImg.getHeight(), null); outg.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 26)); // 字体、字型、字号 int strWidth = outg.getFontMetrics().stringWidth(desc); outg.setColor(Color.BLACK); outg.drawString(desc, (outImage.getWidth() - strWidth) / 2, outImage.getHeight() - textMargin); outg.dispose(); // 二维码输出文件 File file = new File("/home/engr-z/qrcode.png"); ImageIO.write(outImage, "png", file);
CodeStyle是我封装的类,用来设置二维码样式:
/** * @author Engr-Z * @since 2020/12/18 */ @Data public class CodeStyle { /** * 背景颜色,如:0xFFFFFFFF */ private int backgroundColor = 0xFFFFFFFF; /** * 码颜色,如:0xFF000000 */ private int codeColor = 0xFF000000; /** * 二维码宽,px */ private int width; /** * 二维码高,px */ private int height; /** * 边框大小 */ private int margin = 5; }
以下是我执行生成的二维码:
读取二维码
File qrcodeFile = new File("D:/qrcode.png"); BufferedImage qrcodeImg = ImageIO.read(qrcodeFile); MultiFormatReader formatReader = new MultiFormatReader(); //读取指定的二维码文件 BinaryBitmap binaryBitmap= new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(qrcodeImg))); //定义二维码参数 Map<DecodeHintType, Object> hints= new HashMap<>(); hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8"); // 读取 Result result = formatReader.decode(binaryBitmap, hints); log.info("格式类型:{}", result.getBarcodeFormat()); log.info("二维码内容:{}", result.getText());
链接
ZXing GitHub:https://github.com/zxing/zxing
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