React中前端路由的示例代码
目录
- 一. url是什么
- 二. 使用步骤
一. url是什么
访问不同url, 展示不同的组件
二. 使用步骤
安装React路由:命令行中执行npm install react-router-dom --save
(注意此处的版本为npm install react-router-dom@4.3.1 --save
)
两个js文件,分别为list.js和newButton.js,要实现访问localhost:3000/button的时候就显示button.js;访问localhost:3000/list的时候就显示list.js。代码如下:
list.js
import React, {Component} from "react"; import {List} from 'antd'; const data = [ 'aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc', 'ddd' ] class List extends Component { render() { return ( <List style={{marginLeft: 20, marginTop: 20, marginRight: 20}} header={<div>Header</div>} footer={<div>Footer</div>} bordered dataSource={data} renderItem={item=>(<List.Item>{item}</List.Item>)} /> ) } } export default List
newButton.js
import React, {Component} from "react"; import {List} from 'antd'; const data = [ 'aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc', 'ddd' ] class NewList extends Component { render() { return ( <List style={{marginLeft: 20, marginTop: 20, marginRight: 20}} header={<div>Header</div>} footer={<div>Footer</div>} bordered dataSource={data} renderItem={item=>(<List.Item>{item}</List.Item>)} /> ) } } export default NewList
在index.js中使用router
1)引入路由:import { BrowserRouter, Route, Link } from 'react-router-dom';
2)渲染BrowserRouter组件,其中包含一条条的路由
class Entry extends Component { render() { return ( <BrowserRouter> <div> <Route path='/list' component={NewList}/> <Route path='/button' component={NewButton}/> </div> </BrowserRouter> ) } }
3)浏览器中输入localhost:3000后,什么后没显示出来,因为此时没有匹配的路由
4)根据路由的配置,浏览器中输入:localhost:3000/list就会显示newList组件
输入:localhost:3000/button就会显示newButton组件
注:BrowserRoute表示定义一个路由,Route表示一个路由项,
5)如想通过点击newButton里的按钮后跳转到列表页,需要用到Link(使用React路由后,就不能使用a标签进行页面跳转,需要借助Link标签完成路由的跳转)
步骤:在newButton中引入Link后用Link标签跳转
newButton.js
import React, {Component, Fragment} from "react"; import { Link } from "react-router-dom"; import {Button} from 'antd'; class NewButton extends Component { render() { return ( <Link to='/list'> <Button type="primary">按钮</Button> </Link> ) } } export default NewButton;
6)跳转页面的过程中,携带参数,如何获取参数,如
class NewButton extends Component { render() { return ( <Link to='/list/123'> <Button type="primary">按钮</Button> </Link> ) } }
解决方式:在index.js配置路由部分,给list地址后加一个变量,表示传过来的值为变量id的值
<Route path='/list/:id' component={<!--{cke_protected}{C}%3C!%2D%2D%20%2D%2D%3E-->NewList}/>
之后在newList组件中打印出console.log(this.props)
可看到params里有变量id的值为123
完整代码如下:
index.js中
import React, {Component}from 'react'; import ReactDOM from 'react-dom'; import { BrowserRouter, Route } from 'react-router-dom'; import 'antd/dist/antd.css'; import NewList from './newList' import NewButton from './newButton' class Entry extends Component { render() { return ( <BrowserRouter> <div> <Route path='/list/:id' component={NewList}/> <Route path='/button' component={NewButton}/> </div> </BrowserRouter> ) } } // 将内容挂载到页面上 ReactDOM.render(<Entry />, document.getElementById('root'));
newList.js中
import React, {Component} from "react"; import {List} from 'antd'; const data = [ 'aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc', 'ddd' ] class NewList extends Component { render() { console.log(this.props) return ( <List style={{marginLeft: 20, marginTop: 20, marginRight: 20}} header={<div>Header</div>} footer={<div>Footer</div>} bordered dataSource={data} renderItem={item=>(<List.Item>{item}</List.Item>)} /> ) } } export default NewList
newButton.js中
import React, {Component} from "react"; import { Link } from "react-router-dom"; import {Button} from 'antd'; class NewButton extends Component { render() { return ( <Link to='/list/123'> <Button type="primary">按钮</Button> </Link> ) } } export default NewButton;
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