如何在c#中使用opencv函数库
这个demo用c#实现图片裁剪和半透明融合的功能演示程序。功能挺简单的,就是把一张固定大小的图片先做边缘羽化,然后贴到一个圆形泡泡形状的底图上,最后把结果半透明融合到一张背景图上。
C#实现图像的羽化、将图片裁剪复制到一个圆形图片这些都挺简单的,最后一步融合到背景图上需要用到opencv的seamlessClone方法。网上搜索c#使用opencv的方法有很多,一种是直接使用opencv的C#版本,一种是先把opencv的方法封装到一个dll然后用c#调用这个dll导出的方法。对于我这个需求,后一种方法最合算了。我只用到了一个方法而已。vc中怎么使用opencv就不说了,直接开始吧。
用VC创建一个win32项目,选择生成dll动态链接库。
添加一个cpp文件:
// opencvImage.cpp : Defines the exported functions for the DLL application. // #include "stdafx.h" #include <opencv2/core/core.hpp> #include "opencv2/photo.hpp" #ifdef _DEBUG #pragma comment(lib,"opencv_core331d.lib") #pragma comment(lib,"opencv_imgproc331d.lib") #pragma comment(lib,"opencv_photo331d.lib") #else #pragma comment(lib,"opencv_core331.lib") #pragma comment(lib,"opencv_imgproc331.lib") #pragma comment(lib,"opencv_photo331.lib") #endif #define Export_API extern "C" _declspec(dllexport) using namespace cv; Export_API void _stdcall Blend(unsigned char * src, int width, int height, int stride, int bitcount, unsigned char *dst, int alpha) { double beta,alpha1 = alpha / 255.0 ; Mat src1(width, height, CV_8UC3, src, stride); Mat src2(width, height, CV_8UC3, dst, stride); Mat dst1(width, height, CV_8UC3, dst, stride); beta = (1.0 - alpha1); addWeighted(src1, alpha1, src2, beta, 0.0, dst1); } Export_API void _stdcall PoissonBlend(unsigned char * src, int width, int height, int stride, int bitcount, unsigned char *dst, int flags) { int cx = width >> 1; int cy = height >> 1; int numpts = 5; Point point(cx, cy); Point pts[] = { { 80, 40 }, { 30, height - 80 }, { cx, height - 20 }, { width - 30, height - 80 }, { width - 80, 40 } }; Mat img0(width, height, CV_8UC3, src, stride); Mat dst0(width, height, CV_8UC3, dst, stride); Mat final = Mat::zeros(img0.size(), CV_8UC3); Mat mask = Mat::zeros(img0.size(), CV_8UC1); const Point* pts4[1] = { &pts[0] }; fillPoly(mask, pts4, &numpts, 1, Scalar(255, 255, 255), 8, 0); // circle(mask, point, cx - 30, Scalar(255, 255, 255),-1); bitwise_and(img0, img0, final, mask); seamlessClone(img0, dst0, mask, point, dst0, flags); }
由于使用了_stdcall,所以还需要一个def文件,否则导出函数名字前面有个下划线,_Blend
加一个def文件:
LIBRARY "opencvImage" EXPORTS Blend @1 PoissonBlend @2
C#调用方法:
1. 在cs文件开头添加
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
2.在用到的地方添加
[DllImport("opencvImage.dll")] unsafe public static extern void Blend(byte* src, int width, int height, int stride, int bitcount, byte* dst, int alpha);
3.调用dll方法
Bitmap bp = new Bitmap(srcImage); System.Drawing.Rectangle rect = new System.Drawing.Rectangle(x, y, width, height); BitmapData src = bp.LockBits(rect, ImageLockMode.ReadWrite,PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); Bitmap dp = new Bitmap(destImage); System.Drawing.Rectangle dstRect = new System.Drawing.Rectangle(dx, dy, width, height); BitmapData dst = dp.LockBits(dstRect, ImageLockMode.ReadWrite,PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); int nPitch = src.Stride; int bitCount = 3; byte* lpsrc = (byte*)src.Scan0; byte* lpdst = (byte*)dst.Scan0; byte alpha = 128; Blend(lpsrc, width, height, nPitch, bitCount ,lpdst, alpha); bp.UnlockBits(src); dp.UnlockBits(dst); return dp;
最后说明一下
1.VC编译的dll需要放到C#可执行程序的目录下,也就是bin目录下的debug或release目录下,否则会提示一些错误。dll的依赖库也需要放进来,比如我用到了opencv_core331.dll opencv_imgproc331.dll opencv_photo331.dll三个库。
2.如果C#程序不需要用到opencv的对象,可以直接传递指针给dll,这样使用起来很方便。就像下面这样:
Export_API void _stdcall Blend(unsigned char * src, int width, int height, int stride, int bitcount, unsigned char *dst, int alpha) { double beta,alpha1 = alpha / 255.0 ; Mat src1(width, height, CV_8UC3, src, stride); Mat src2(width, height, CV_8UC3, dst, stride); Mat dst1(width, height, CV_8UC3, dst, stride); beta = (1.0 - alpha1); addWeighted(src1, alpha1, src2, beta, 0.0, dst1); }
3.很多人说c#调用opencv封装的dll会遇到内存泄漏方面的问题,我觉得如果不用opencv的对象,内存申请和释放都在c#中完成,只是传递指针给opencv做处理,应该没问题。
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