Springboot 配置RabbitMQ文档的方法步骤

简介

RabbitMQ是实现AMQP（高级消息队列协议）的消息中间件的一种，用于在分布式系统中存储转发消息，在易用性、扩展性、高可用性等方面表现不俗

概念：

• 生产者 消息的产生方，负责将消息推送到消息队列
• 消费者 消息的最终接受方，负责监听队列中的对应消息，消费消息
• 队列 消息的寄存器，负责存放生产者发送的消息
• 交换机 负责根据一定规则分发生产者产生的消息
• 绑定 完成交换机和队列之间的绑定

模式：

• direct：直连模式，用于实例间的任务分发
• topic：话题模式，通过可配置的规则分发给绑定在该exchange上的队列
• headers：适用规则复杂的分发，用headers里的参数表达规则
• fanout：分发给所有绑定到该exchange上的队列，忽略routing key

SpringBoot集成RabbitMQ

一、引入maven依赖

<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
 <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

二、配置application.properties

# rabbitmq
spring.rabbitmq.host = dev-mq.a.pa.com
spring.rabbitmq.port = 5672
spring.rabbitmq.username = admin
spring.rabbitmq.password = admin
spring.rabbitmq.virtualHost = /message-test/

三、编写AmqpConfiguration配置文件

package message.test.configuration;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AcknowledgeMode;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.config.SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.amqp.RabbitProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class AmqpConfiguration {
/**
 * 消息编码
 */
 public static final String MESSAGE_ENCODING = "UTF-8";
 public static final String EXCHANGE_ISSUE = "exchange_message_issue";
 public static final String QUEUE_ISSUE_USER = "queue_message_issue_user";
 public static final String QUEUE_ISSUE_ALL_USER = "queue_message_issue_all_user";
 public static final String QUEUE_ISSUE_ALL_DEVICE = "queue_message_issue_all_device";
 public static final String QUEUE_ISSUE_CITY = "queue_message_issue_city";
 public static final String ROUTING_KEY_ISSUE_USER = "routing_key_message_issue_user";
 public static final String ROUTING_KEY_ISSUE_ALL_USER = "routing_key_message_issue_all_user";
 public static final String ROUTING_KEY_ISSUE_ALL_DEVICE = "routing_key_message_issue_all_device";
 public static final String ROUTING_KEY_ISSUE_CITY = "routing_key_message_issue_city";
 public static final String EXCHANGE_PUSH = "exchange_message_push";
 public static final String QUEUE_PUSH_RESULT = "queue_message_push_result";

 @Autowired
 private RabbitProperties rabbitProperties;

 @Bean
 public Queue issueUserQueue() {
  return new Queue(QUEUE_ISSUE_USER);
 }

 @Bean
 public Queue issueAllUserQueue() {
  return new Queue(QUEUE_ISSUE_ALL_USER);
 }

 @Bean
 public Queue issueAllDeviceQueue() {
  return new Queue(QUEUE_ISSUE_ALL_DEVICE);
 }

 @Bean
 public Queue issueCityQueue() {
  return new Queue(QUEUE_ISSUE_CITY);
 }

 @Bean
 public Queue pushResultQueue() {
  return new Queue(QUEUE_PUSH_RESULT);
 }

 @Bean
 public DirectExchange issueExchange() {
  return new DirectExchange(EXCHANGE_ISSUE);
 }

 @Bean
 public DirectExchange pushExchange() {
  // 参数1：队列
  // 参数2：是否持久化
  // 参数3：是否自动删除
  return new DirectExchange(EXCHANGE_PUSH, true, true);
 }

 @Bean
 public Binding issueUserQueueBinding(@Qualifier("issueUserQueue") Queue queue,
    @Qualifier("issueExchange") DirectExchange exchange) {
   return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(ROUTING_KEY_ISSUE_USER);
 }

 @Bean
 public Binding issueAllUserQueueBinding(@Qualifier("issueAllUserQueue") Queue queue,
    @Qualifier("issueExchange") DirectExchange exchange) {
  return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(ROUTING_KEY_ISSUE_ALL_USER);
 }

 @Bean
 public Binding issueAllDeviceQueueBinding(@Qualifier("issueAllDeviceQueue") Queue queue,
    @Qualifier("issueExchange") DirectExchange exchange) {
  return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(ROUTING_KEY_ISSUE_ALL_DEVICE);
 }

 @Bean
 public Binding issueCityQueueBinding(@Qualifier("issueCityQueue") Queue queue,
    @Qualifier("issueExchange") DirectExchange exchange) {
  return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(ROUTING_KEY_ISSUE_CITY);
 }

 @Bean
 public Binding pushResultQueueBinding(@Qualifier("pushResultQueue") Queue queue,
    @Qualifier("pushExchange") DirectExchange exchange) {
  return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).withQueueName();
 }

 @Bean
 public ConnectionFactory defaultConnectionFactory() {
  CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
  connectionFactory.setHost(rabbitProperties.getHost());
  connectionFactory.setPort(rabbitProperties.getPort());
  connectionFactory.setUsername(rabbitProperties.getUsername());
  connectionFactory.setPassword(rabbitProperties.getPassword());
  connectionFactory.setVirtualHost(rabbitProperties.getVirtualHost());
  return connectionFactory;
 }

 @Bean
 public SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory rabbitListenerContainerFactory(
    @Qualifier("defaultConnectionFactory") ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
  SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory factory = new SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory();
  factory.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
  factory.setAcknowledgeMode(AcknowledgeMode.MANUAL);
  return factory;
 }

 @Bean
 public AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate(@Qualifier("defaultConnectionFactory") ConnectionFactory connectionFactory)
 {
  return new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
 }
}

三、编写生产者

body = JSON.toJSONString(issueMessage).getBytes(AmqpConfiguration.MESSAGE_ENCODING);
 rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(AmqpConfiguration.EXCHANGE_ISSUE,
            AmqpConfiguration.ROUTING_KEY_ISSUE_USER, body);

四、编写消费者

@RabbitListener(queues = AmqpConfiguration.QUEUE_PUSH_RESULT)
public void handlePushResult(@Payload byte[] data, Channel channel,
    @Header(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG) long deliveryTag) {

}

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