python+Splinter实现12306抢票功能

本文实例为大家分享了python实现12306抢票功能的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

源码记录如下：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_

#!/usr/bin/env python
# _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_

from splinter.browser import Browser
from time import sleep
import os
# from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
import logging
from log_class import Logger # 需要一个logger库
import sys

reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8') # 防止由于Unicode编码与ASCII编码的不兼容造成错误

class BuyTicket(object):
  def __init__(self, username, passwd, order, passengers, seatType, ticketType, daytime, starts, ends):
    # 用户名 密码
    self.username = username
    self.passwd = passwd
    # 车次,选择第几趟,0则从上之下依次点击
    self.order = order
    # 乘客名
    self.passengers = passengers
    # 席位
    self.seatType = seatType
    self.ticketType = ticketType
    # 时间格式2018-02-05
    self.daytime = daytime
    # 起始地和终点
    self.starts = starts
    self.ends = ends

    self.login_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/init'
    self.initMy_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/index/initMy12306'
    self.ticket_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init'
    # 浏览器名称
    self.driver_name = 'firefox' # chrome firefox
    # 火狐浏览器第三方驱动
    self.executable_path = os.getcwd()+'/geckodriver' # 获取工程目录下的火狐驱动 chromedriver

  def login(self):
    # 访问登录网址
    self.driver.visit(self.login_url)
    # 填充用户名
    self.driver.fill("loginUserDTO.user_name", self.username)
    # sleep(1)
    # 填充密码
    self.driver.fill("userDTO.password", self.passwd)
    logbticket.info("请手动输入验证码...")
    # print('请手动输入验证码...') # 目前没有自动验证码
    # 循环等待登录，登录成功，跳出循环
    while True:
      if self.driver.url != self.initMy_url:
        sleep(1)
      else:
        break

  def start_buy(self):
    # 这些设置都是必要的
    # chrome_options = Options()
    # chrome_options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
    # chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-setuid-sandbox")
    # chrome_options.add_argument("disable-infobars") # 禁用网页上部的提示栏
    # self.driver = Browser(driver_name=self.driver_name, options=chrome_options, executable_path=self.executable_path)
    self.driver = Browser(driver_name=self.driver_name,
               executable_path=self.executable_path)
    # 设置窗口大小尺寸
    self.driver.driver.set_window_size(1400, 1000)
    # 用户登录
    self.login()
    # 进入选票网站
    self.driver.visit(self.ticket_url)
    try:
      logbticket.info("购票页面开始....")
      # print("购票页面开始....")
      # sleep(1)
      # 加载查询信息
      self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_fromStation": self.starts})
      self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_toStation": self.ends})
      self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_fromDate": self.daytime})

      self.driver.reload()

      count = 0
      if self.order != 0:
        while self.driver.url == self.ticket_url:
          self.driver.find_by_text("查询").click()
          count = count+1
          logbticket.info("第 %d 次点击查询..." % count)
          # print("第 %d 次点击查询..." % count)
          # sleep(1)
          try:
            self.driver.find_by_text("预订")[self.order - 1].click() # 点击第几个“预订”
            sleep(1.5)
          except Exception as e: # e是Exception 的一个instance
            # print(e)
            # print("预订失败...")
            logbticket.error(e)
            logbticket.error("预订失败...")
            continue
      else:
        while self.driver.url == self.ticket_url:
          self.driver.find_by_text("查询").click()
          count += 1
          logbticket.info("第 %d 次点击查询..." % count)
          # print("第 %d 次点击查询..." % count)
          try:
            for i in self.driver.find_by_text("预订"):
              i.click()
              sleep(1)
          except Exception as e:
            # print(e)
            # print("预订失败...")
            logbticket.error(e)
            logbticket.error("预订失败...")
            continue

      # print("开始预订....")
      logbticket.info("开始预订....")
      # sleep(1)
      # self.driver.reload()
      sleep(1)
      # print("开始选择用户....")
      logbticket.info("开始选择用户....")
      for p in self.passengers:
        pg = self.driver.find_by_text(p) # .last.click()
        pg.last.click()
      # print("提交订单....")
      logbticket.info("提交订单....")
      sleep(1)
      i = 0
      while len(self.passengers) > 0:
        i = i + 1
        seat_id_string = "seatType_" + str(i)
        ticket_id_string = "ticketType_" + str(i)
        self.driver.find_by_xpath('//select[@id="%s"]/option[@value="%s"]'
                     % (seat_id_string, self.seatType)).first._element.click()
        self.driver.find_by_xpath('//select[@id="%s"]//option[@value="%s"]'
                     % (ticket_id_string, self.ticketType)).first._element.click()
        # self.driver.select("confirmTicketType", "3")
        self.passengers.pop()
        sleep(1)
      self.driver.find_by_id("submitOrder_id").click()
      # print("开始选座...")
      logbticket.info("开始选座...")
      sleep(1.5)
      # print("确认选座....")
      logbticket.info("确认选座....")
      self.driver.find_by_text("qr_submit_id").click()

    except Exception as e:
      # print(e)
      logbticket.error(e)

city = {"深圳": "%u6DF1%u5733%2CSZQ",
    "武汉": "%u6B66%u6C49%2CWHN",
    "随州": "%u968F%u5DDE%2CSZN"}

seatT = {"硬卧": "3",
     "软卧": "4",
     "硬座": "1",
     "二等座": "O",
     "一等座": "M",
     "商务座": "9"}

if __name__ == '__main__':
  # 用户名
  username = "xxxxxxxx"
  # 密码
  password = "xxxxxx"
  # 车次选择，0代表所有车次
  order = 13
  # 乘客名，比如passengers = ['丁小红', '丁小明']
  passengers = ["xxx", "xxx"]
  # 日期，格式为：'2018-01-20'
  daytime = "2018-04-05"
  # 出发地(需填写cookie值)
  starts = city["xx"] # 武汉
  # 目的地(需填写cookie值)
  ends = city["xx"] # 北京
  # 席别
  seatType = seatT["二等座"] # 二等座
  # 票种
  ticketType = "1" # 成人票

  logbticket = Logger("bticket.log", logging.DEBUG, logging.ERROR)

  BuyTicket(username, password, order, passengers, seatType, ticketType, daytime, starts, ends).start_buy()

火狐浏览器的驱动下载地址

logger库文件：

源代码如下：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_

import logging

class Logger:
  def __init__(self, path, clevel=logging.DEBUG, Flevel=logging.DEBUG):
    self.logger = logging.getLogger(path)
    self.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    fmt = logging.Formatter('[%(asctime)s] [%(levelname)s] %(message)s', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
    # 设置CMD日志
    sh = logging.StreamHandler()
    sh.setFormatter(fmt)
    sh.setLevel(clevel)
    # 设置文件日志
    fh = logging.FileHandler(path)
    fh.setFormatter(fmt)
    fh.setLevel(Flevel)
    self.logger.addHandler(sh)
    self.logger.addHandler(fh)

  def debug(self, message):
    self.logger.debug(message)

  def info(self, message):
    self.logger.info(message)

  def war(self, message):
    self.logger.warn(message)

  def error(self, message):
    self.logger.error(message)

  def cri(self, message):
    self.logger.critical(message)

if __name__ == '__main__':
  logyyx = Logger('yyx.log', logging.ERROR, logging.DEBUG)
  logyyx.debug('一个debug信息')
  logyyx.info('一个info信息')
  logyyx.war('一个warning信息')
  logyyx.error('一个error信息')
  logyyx.cri('一个致命critical信息')

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