Java利用httpclient通过get、post方式调用https接口的方法

通过httpclient的get post方式调用http很常见。一般都是

HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(http://127.0.0.1/login);

但是如果要调用https这个方式就不行了。就要修改DefaultHttpClient

<dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
 <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
 <version>4.5.5</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
 <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
 <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
 <version>1.2.47</version>
</dependency>

先导入包

然后重写DefaultHttpClient的类

import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import org.apache.http.conn.ClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.SchemeRegistry;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

public class SSLClient extends DefaultHttpClient {
 public SSLClient() throws Exception{
  super();
  SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
  X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
    @Override
    public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
      String authType) throws CertificateException {
    }
    @Override
    public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
      String authType) throws CertificateException {
    }
    @Override
    public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
     return null;
    }
  };
  ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{tm}, null);
  SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx,SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
  ClientConnectionManager ccm = this.getConnectionManager();
  SchemeRegistry sr = ccm.getSchemeRegistry();
  sr.register(new Scheme("https", 443, ssf));
 }
}

这时候就可以使用https方式调用了

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.StatusLine;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicHeader;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

public class HttpClientUtil {

 public static String doGet(String url,String charset) throws Exception{
  HttpClient httpClient = null;
  HttpGet Httpget = null;
  String result = null;

   httpClient = new SSLClient();
   Httpget = new HttpGet(url);
   Httpget.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
   HttpGet.setEntity(se);
   HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(Httpget);
   if(response != null){
    HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
    if(resEntity != null){
     result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity,charset);
    }
   }

  return result;
 }
 public static String doPost(String url,String json,String charset) throws Exception{
  HttpClient httpClient = null;
  HttpPost HttpPost = null;
  String result = null;

   httpClient = new SSLClient();
   HttpPost = new HttpPost(url);
   HttpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
   StringEntity se = new StringEntity(json);
   se.setContentType("text/json");
   se.setContentEncoding(new BasicHeader("Content-Type", "application/json"));
   HttpPost.setEntity(se);
   HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(HttpPost);
   if(response != null){
    HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
    if(resEntity != null){
     result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity,charset);
    }
   }

  return result;
 }
}

post调用代码

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
  String url = "https://127.0.0.1/getuser";
  String json = "{\"id\":1}";
  String str = HttpClientUtil.doPost(url, json, "utf-8");
  System.out.println(str);
 }

get调用代码

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
  String url = "https://127.0.0.1/getuser?id=1";
  String str = HttpClientUtil.doPost(url, "utf-8");
  System.out.println(str);
 }

StringEntity参数说明
se.setContentEncoding(new BasicHeader(“Content-Type”, “application/json”));
使用的是json模式 所以传的格式是json

application/xhtml+xml ：XHTML格式
application/xml ： XML数据格式
application/atom+xml ：Atom XML聚合格式
application/json ： JSON数据格式
application/pdf ：pdf格式
application/msword ： Word文档格式
application/octet-stream ： 二进制流数据（如常见的文件下载）
application/x-www-form-urlencoded ： 中默认的encType，form表单数据被编码为key/value格式发送到服务器（表单默认的提交数据的格式）

HttpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", " application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
List<NameValuePair> params=new ArrayList<>();
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("key1","value1"));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("key2","value2"));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("key3","value3"));
UrlEncodedFormEntity entity=new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,"UTF-8");
HttpPost.setEntity(entity);

如果要采用表单提交方式就需要修改成上面所描述的方式。

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