SpringBoot 图形验证码的生成和校验

1. 编写工具类

package com.cn.beauty.util;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Random;

public class RandomValidateCodeUtil {
    public static final String RANDOMCODEKEY = "MEISHANG-LOGIN-RANDOMVALIDATECODEKEY";//放到session中的key
    private String randString = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";//随机产生数字与字母组合的字符串
    private int width = 95;// 图片宽
    private int height = 40;// 图片高
    private int stringNum = 4;// 随机产生字符数量
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RandomValidateCodeUtil.class);
    private Random random = new Random();

    /**
     * 获得字体
     */
    private Font getFont() {
        return new Font("Wide Latin", Font.PLAIN, 18);
    }

    /**
     * 获得颜色(粉色为主)
     */
    private Color getRandColor() {
        ArrayList<Color> colors = new ArrayList<Color>();
        colors.add(new Color(241, 158, 194));
        colors.add(new Color(255, 94, 226));
        colors.add(new Color(255, 156, 177));
        colors.add(new Color(245, 152, 217));
        colors.add(new Color(255, 85, 81));
        colors.add(new Color(245, 152, 251));
        int num = random.nextInt(6);
        return colors.get(num);
    }

    /**
     * 生成随机图片
     */
    public void getRandcode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        // BufferedImage类是具有缓冲区的Image类,Image类是用于描述图像信息的类
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);
        Graphics g = image.getGraphics();// 产生Image对象的Graphics对象,改对象可以在图像上进行各种绘制操作
        g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);//图片大小
        g.setFont(new Font("Wide Latin", Font.PLAIN, 18));//字体大小
        g.setColor(getRandColor());//字体颜色

        // 添加噪点
        float yawpRate = 0.01f;// 噪声率
        int area = (int) (yawpRate * width * height);
        for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {
            int x = random.nextInt(width);
            int y = random.nextInt(height);
            image.setRGB(x, y, random.nextInt(255));
        }

        // 绘制随机字符
        String randomString = "";
        for (int i = 1; i <= stringNum; i++) {
            randomString = drowString(g, randomString, i);
        }
        logger.info(randomString);
        //将生成的随机字符串保存到session中
        session.removeAttribute(RANDOMCODEKEY);
        session.setAttribute(RANDOMCODEKEY, randomString);
        g.dispose();
        try {
            // 将内存中的图片通过流动形式输出到客户端
            ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("将内存中的图片通过流动形式输出到客户端失败>>>>   ", e);
        }

    }

    /**
     * 绘制字符串
     */
    private String drowString(Graphics g, String randomString, int i) {
        g.setFont(getFont());
        g.setColor(getRandColor());
        String rand = String.valueOf(getRandomString(random.nextInt(randString
                .length())));
        randomString += rand;
        g.translate(random.nextInt(3), random.nextInt(3));
        g.drawString(rand, 20 * (i - 1) + 3, 25);
        return randomString;
    }

    /**
     * 获取随机的字符
     */
    public String getRandomString(int num) {
        return String.valueOf(randString.charAt(num));
    }
}

2. 编写 Controller 中的接口

	/**
	 * @description 生成验证码
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value = "/user/getVerify")
	public void getVerify(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
	    try {
	        //设置相应类型,告诉浏览器输出的内容为图片
	        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
	        //设置响应头信息，告诉浏览器不要缓存此内容
	        response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
	        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
	        response.setDateHeader("Expire", 0);
	        RandomValidateCodeUtil randomValidateCode = new RandomValidateCodeUtil();
	        //输出验证码图片方法
	        randomValidateCode.getRandcode(request, response);
	    } catch (Exception e) {
	        log.error("获取验证码失败>>>>", e);
	    }
	}

	/**
	 * @description 校验验证码
	 */
	@PostMapping("/user/checkVerify")
	public boolean checkVerify(@RequestParam String verifyInput, HttpSession session) {
	    try {
	        // 从session中获取随机数
	        String inputStr = verifyInput;
	        String random = (String) session.getAttribute("MEISHANG-LOGIN-RANDOMVALIDATECODEKEY");
	        if (random == null) {
	            return false;
	        }
	        if (random.equalsIgnoreCase(inputStr)) {
	            return true;
	        } else {
	            return false;
	        }
	    } catch (Exception e) {
	        log.error("验证码校验失败", e);
	        return false;
	    }
	}

3. 获取验证码图片

访问获取验证码接口

http://127.0.0.1:8605/user/getVerify

效果如下

另一种方法

1.添加依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.penggle</groupId>
            <artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

项目结构

2.全部代码

UserController

package com.yzm.config;

import java.util.HashMap;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha;
import com.yzm.utils.Util;

@Controller
public class TestControler {

    @Resource
    private DefaultKaptcha captchaProducer;
    /**
     * 登录验证码SessionKey
     */
    public static final String LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE = "login_validate_code";
    /**
     * 登录验证码图片
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = {"/loginValidateCode"})
    public void loginValidateCode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
        Util.validateCode(request,response,captchaProducer,LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE);
    }

    /**
     * 检查验证码是否正确
     */
    @RequestMapping("/checkLoginValidateCode")
    @ResponseBody
    public HashMap checkLoginValidateCode(HttpServletRequest request,@RequestParam("validateCode")String validateCode) {
        String loginValidateCode = request.getSession().getAttribute(LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE).toString();
        HashMap<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
        if(loginValidateCode == null){
            map.put("status",null);//验证码过期
        }else if(loginValidateCode.equals(validateCode)){
            map.put("status",true);//验证码正确
        }else if(!loginValidateCode.equals(validateCode)){
            map.put("status",false);//验证码不正确
        }
        map.put("code",200);
        return map;
    }
}
package com.yzm.controller;

import java.util.Properties;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha;
import com.google.code.kaptcha.util.Config;

@Component
public class TestConfig {

    @Bean
    public DefaultKaptcha getDefaultKaptcha() {
        DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha = new DefaultKaptcha();
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        // 图片边框
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border", "no");
        // 边框颜色
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border.color", "black");
        //边框厚度
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border.thickness", "1");
        // 图片宽
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.width", "200");
        // 图片高
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.height", "50");
        //图片实现类
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.producer.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha");
        //文本实现类
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.text.impl.DefaultTextCreator");
        //文本集合，验证码值从此集合中获取
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.string", "01234567890");
        //验证码长度
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.length", "4");
        //字体
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.names", "宋体");
        //字体颜色
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.color", "black");
        //文字间隔
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.space", "5");
        //干扰实现类
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.noise.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultNoise");
        //干扰颜色
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.noise.color", "blue");
        //干扰图片样式
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.obscurificator.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.WaterRipple");
        //背景实现类
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.background.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultBackground");
        //背景颜色渐变，结束颜色
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.background.clear.to", "white");
        //文字渲染器
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.word.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.text.impl.DefaultWordRenderer");
        Config config = new Config(properties);
        defaultKaptcha.setConfig(config);
        return defaultKaptcha;
    }

}

Util

package com.yzm.utils;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha;

public class Util {

    /**
     * 生成验证码图片
     * @param request 设置session
     * @param response 转成图片
     * @param captchaProducer 生成图片方法类
     * @param validateSessionKey session名称
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void validateCode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, DefaultKaptcha captchaProducer, String validateSessionKey) throws Exception{
        // Set to expire far in the past.
        response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
        // Set standard HTTP/1.1 no-cache headers.
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate");
        // Set IE extended HTTP/1.1 no-cache headers (use addHeader).
        response.addHeader("Cache-Control", "post-check=0, pre-check=0");
        // Set standard HTTP/1.0 no-cache header.
        response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");

        // return a jpeg
        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");

        // create the text for the image
        String capText = captchaProducer.createText();

        // store the text in the session
        request.getSession().setAttribute(validateSessionKey, capText);

        // create the image with the text
        BufferedImage bi = captchaProducer.createImage(capText);

        ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();

        // write the data out
        ImageIO.write(bi, "jpg", out);
        try {
            out.flush();
        } finally {
            out.close();
        }
    }
}

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