python将logging模块封装成单独模块并实现动态切换Level方式
查找了很多资料,但网上给出的教程都是大同小异的,而我想将代码进一步精简,解耦,想实现如下两个目标
1. 将logging模块的初始化,配置,设置等代码封装到一个模块中;
2. 能根据配置切换logging.level, 网上给出的教程都是写死的,如果我在线上之前使用了logging.info(msg),现在想切换为logging.debug(msg)怎么办?需要能够根据配置文件中的 设置配置logging.level
两个文件:
logging_class:将logging模块的初始化,配置,设置等代码封装到一此模块中,读取配置文件中对于log等级的设置项;需要使用log功能的模块import 这个模块
applogconfig.ini: 配置文件
logging_class:
import logging import sys import ConfigParser def log_building(log_file): try: #set format format_str=logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s") #create stander output handler crit_hand=logging.StreamHandler(sys.stderr) crit_hand.setFormatter(format_str) #create file handler file_hand=logging.FileHandler(log_file,'a') file_hand.setFormatter(format_str) app_log=logging.getLogger(__name__) app_log.addHandler(crit_hand) app_log.addHandler(file_hand) #必须设置,否则无法输出 app_log.setLevel(logging.NOTSET) return app_log except Exception as e: logging.shutdown() raise e def config_file_get(fpath): try: cnf_dict={} cfg=ConfigParser.SafeConfigParser() cfg.read(fpath) for section in cfg.sections(): #将ini中的item组合到字典中,key=section+_option for item in cfg.items(section): key= section+'_'+item[0] value=item[1] if cnf_dict.get(key,None)==None: cnf_dict[key]=value return cnf_dict except Exception as e: raise e def log_level_get(level): DEBUG_LEVEL={'CRITICAL':logging.CRITICAL,'ERROR':logging.ERROR,'WARNING':logging.WARNING, 'INFO':logging.INFO,'DEBUG':logging.DEBUG } try: return DEBUG_LEVEL.get(level.upper()) except Exception as e: raise e
applogconfig.ini内容:
[log] log_level=ERROR dir=log
以下为unittest内容:
import unittest import logging_class import os import logging class Test(unittest.TestCase): cfg={} def setUp(self): print 'test begin' self.cfg={} def tearDown(self): print 'test end' def testlog_level_get(self): currentWorkingPath = r'E:\Myworkspace\python\logging_module\logging_module' ini_file=os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(currentWorkingPath,'applogconfig.ini'))) self.cfg=logging_class.config_file_get(ini_file) self.assertEqual(self.cfg['log_log_level'].upper(), 'ERROR', 'OK') def testlog_level_set(self): currentWorkingPath = r'E:\Myworkspace\python\logging_module\logging_module' ini_file=os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(currentWorkingPath,'applogconfig.ini'))) self.cfg=logging_class.config_file_get(ini_file) #print self.cfg['log_log_level'] self.assertEqual(logging_class.log_level_get(self.cfg['log_log_level']), logging.ERROR, 'OK') def testlog_building(self): currentWorkingPath = r'E:\Myworkspace\python\logging_module\logging_module' ini_file=os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(currentWorkingPath,'applogconfig.ini'))) log_file=os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(currentWorkingPath,'b.log'))) self.cfg=logging_class.config_file_get(ini_file) #print self.cfg['log_log_level'] level=logging_class.log_level_get(self.cfg['log_log_level']) log=logging_class.log_building(log_file) log.log(level, 'dddds') log.debug('msg') if __name__ == "__main__": #import sys;sys.argv = ['', 'Test.testName'] unittest.main()
输出:
Finding files... done. Importing test modules ... done. test begin test end test begin test end test begin 2016-12-15 17:59:04,059 logging_module_test.py[line:48] ERROR dddds test end ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Ran 3 tests in 0.004s
补充知识:一种logging封装方法,不会产生重复log
在调试logging的封装的时候,发现已经调用了logging封装的函数,在被其它函数再调用时,会出现重复的logging。原因是不同的地方创建了不同的handler,所以会重复,可以使用暴力方法解决
暴力方式就是每次创建新的对象就清空logger.handlers
我常用的封装如下
import logging import time,os ''' 使用方法: import mylog log = mylog.Log().getlog() log.debug("###") ''' class Log(): def __init__(self,logger="mylog"): self.logger = logging.getLogger(logger) self.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) self.log_time = "\\"+time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M", time.localtime())+".log" # 在进程路径创建log文件夹 # self.log_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd() + "\\log") # 固定在mylog上一级创建 self.log_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)) + "\\log") if os.path.exists(self.log_path) and os.path.isdir(self.log_path): pass else: os.makedirs(self.log_path) self.log_name = os.path.join(self.log_path + self.log_time) #因为多出调用logger会生成多个handlers,所以每次调用清空handler self.logger.handlers = [] fh = logging.FileHandler(self.log_name, 'a', encoding='utf-8') formatter = logging.Formatter('[%(levelname)s][%(asctime)s] [%(filename)s]->[%(funcName)s] line:%(lineno)d ---> %(message)s') fh.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) fh.setFormatter(formatter) self.logger.addHandler(fh) ch = logging.StreamHandler() ch.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) ch.setFormatter(formatter) self.logger.addHandler(ch) fh.close() def getlog(self): return self.logger if __name__ == "__main__": log = Log().getlog() log.debug("hello")
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