基于JavaScript实现猜数字游戏代码实例
环境
- vscode 1.46
- Microsoft Edge 83
示例
以下内容为了解和熟悉 JavaScript,不需要理解,能够复制粘贴并正确运行即可。
新建网页模板
在 vscode 中新建一个 index.html 文件,然后输入以下内容。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>猜数字游戏</title> <style> html { font-family: sans-serif; } body { width: 50%; max-width: 800px; min-width: 480px; margin: 0 auto; } .lastResult { color: white; padding: 3px; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>猜数字游戏</h1> <p>我刚才随机选定了一个100以内的自然数。看你能否在 10 次以内猜中它。每次我都会告诉你所猜的结果是高了还是低了。</p> <div class="form"> <label for="guessField">请猜数: </label> <input type="text" id="guessField" class="guessField"> <input type="submit" value="确定" class="guessSubmit"> </div> <div class="resultParas"> <p class="guesses"></p> <p class="lastResult"></p> <p class="lowOrHi"></p> </div> <script> // 开始编写 JavaScript 代码 </script> </body> </html>
定义变量
首先将需要使用的变量都定义出来。
let randomNumber = Math.floor(Math.random() * 100) + 1; const guesses = document.querySelector('.guesses'); const lastResult = document.querySelector('.lastResult'); const lowOrHi = document.querySelector('.lowOrHi'); const guessSubmit = document.querySelector('.guessSubmit'); const guessField = document.querySelector('.guessField'); let guessCount = 1; let resetButton;
定义猜数字主逻辑
function checkGuess() { let userGuess = Number(guessField.value); if (guessCount === 1) { guesses.textContent = '上次猜的数:'; } guesses.textContent += userGuess + ' '; if (userGuess === randomNumber) { lastResult.textContent = '恭喜你!猜对了'; lastResult.style.backgroundColor = 'green'; lowOrHi.textContent = ''; setGameOver(); } else if (guessCount === 10) { lastResult.textContent = '!!!GAME OVER!!!'; setGameOver(); } else { lastResult.textContent = '你猜错了!'; lastResult.style.backgroundColor = 'red'; if(userGuess < randomNumber) { lowOrHi.textContent = '你猜低了!'; } else if(userGuess > randomNumber) { lowOrHi.textContent = '你猜高了'; } } guessCount++; guessField.value = ''; guessField.focus(); }
结束游戏
function setGameOver() { guessField.disabled = true; guessSubmit.disabled = true; resetButton = document.createElement('button'); resetButton.textContent = '开始新游戏'; document.body.appendChild(resetButton); resetButton.addEventListener('click', resetGame); }
重置游戏
function resetGame() { guessCount = 1; const resetParas = document.querySelectorAll('.resultParas p'); for (let i = 0 ; i < resetParas.length; i++) { resetParas[i].textContent = ''; } resetButton.parentNode.removeChild(resetButton); guessField.disabled = false; guessSubmit.disabled = false; guessField.value = ''; guessField.focus(); lastResult.style.backgroundColor = 'white'; randomNumber = Math.floor(Math.random() * 100) + 1; }
浏览器打开
用浏览器打开刚刚编写的程序,试试游戏是否能够正常运行。
附录
源码
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>猜数字游戏</title> <style> html { font-family: sans-serif; } body { width: 50%; max-width: 800px; min-width: 480px; margin: 0 auto; } .lastResult { color: white; padding: 3px; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>猜数字游戏</h1> <p>我刚才随机选定了一个100以内的自然数。看你能否在 10 次以内猜中它。每次我都会告诉你所猜的结果是高了还是低了。</p> <div class="form"> <label for="guessField">请猜数: </label> <input type="text" id="guessField" class="guessField"> <input type="submit" value="确定" class="guessSubmit"> </div> <div class="resultParas"> <p class="guesses"></p> <p class="lastResult"></p> <p class="lowOrHi"></p> </div> <script> let randomNumber = Math.floor(Math.random() * 100) + 1; const guesses = document.querySelector('.guesses'); const lastResult = document.querySelector('.lastResult'); const lowOrHi = document.querySelector('.lowOrHi'); const guessSubmit = document.querySelector('.guessSubmit'); const guessField = document.querySelector('.guessField'); let guessCount = 1; let resetButton; function checkGuess() { let userGuess = Number(guessField.value); if (guessCount === 1) { guesses.textContent = '上次猜的数:'; } guesses.textContent += userGuess + ' '; if (userGuess === randomNumber) { lastResult.textContent = '恭喜你!猜对了'; lastResult.style.backgroundColor = 'green'; lowOrHi.textContent = ''; setGameOver(); } else if (guessCount === 10) { lastResult.textContent = '!!!GAME OVER!!!'; setGameOver(); } else { lastResult.textContent = '你猜错了!'; lastResult.style.backgroundColor = 'red'; if (userGuess < randomNumber) { lowOrHi.textContent = '你猜低了!'; } else if (userGuess > randomNumber) { lowOrHi.textContent = '你猜高了'; } } guessCount++; guessField.value = ''; guessField.focus(); } guessSubmit.addEventListener('click', checkGuess); function setGameOver() { guessField.disabled = true; guessSubmit.disabled = true; resetButton = document.createElement('button'); resetButton.textContent = '开始新游戏'; document.body.appendChild(resetButton); resetButton.addEventListener('click', resetGame); } function resetGame() { guessCount = 1; const resetParas = document.querySelectorAll('.resultParas p'); for (let i = 0; i < resetParas.length; i++) { resetParas[i].textContent = ''; } resetButton.parentNode.removeChild(resetButton); guessField.disabled = false; guessSubmit.disabled = false; guessField.value = ''; guessField.focus(); lastResult.style.backgroundColor = 'white'; randomNumber = Math.floor(Math.random() * 100) + 1; } </script> </body> </html>
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