使用mysqld_multi实现单系统中配置多个MySQL服务器实例

本文讲利用MySQL源码安装MySQL并用mysqld_multi配置多实例。

1、下载MySQL源码安装版本

到MySQL官网查找到相应版本下载，本文下载的是5.1版本

代码如下:

wget -c ftp://ftp.mirrorservice.org/sites/ftp.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz

2、解压安装

代码如下:

tar -zxv -f mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz 
 
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-charset=utf8  
--with-extra-charset=all --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-assembler  
--with-readline --with-big-tables  
--with-named-curses-libs=/usr/lib/libncursesw.so.5 
 
make && make install

3、添加用户和用户组

代码如下:

groupadd mysql #添加mysql用户组 
useradd -g mysql mysql #创建mysql用户并把它放到mysql组下 
chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql #修改mysql文件属性

4、初始化数据目录

代码如下:

#把用到的工具添加到/usr/bin目录 
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi /usr/bin/mysqld_multi 
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db /usr/bin/mysql_install_db 
 
#初始化四个数据目录 
mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql1 --user=mysql 
mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql2 --user=mysql 
mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql3 --user=mysql 
mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql4 --user=mysql 
 
#修改属性 
chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql1  
chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql2 
chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql3  
chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql4

5、配置多实例启动脚本

从MySQL的源码中把复制到/etc/init.d/目录下

代码如下:

cp /usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.60/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi.server 
 
#修改basedir和bindir为安装路径 
basedir=/usr/local/mysql 
bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin

6、配置多实例数据库配置文件

用mysqld_multi工具查看该配置文件的模板方法，命令为：mysqld_multi --example
在/etc/目录下创建创建文件/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf，把mysqld_multi --example产生的文件粘进去，修改相应属性，如：mysqld,mysqladmin,socket,port,pid-file,datadir,user等。

代码如下:

[mysqld_multi] 
mysqld     = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe 
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin 
#user       = mysql 
#password   = my_password 
 
[mysqld1] 
socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock 
port       = 3306 
pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.pid 
datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql1 
#language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english 
user       = mysql 
 
[mysqld2] 
socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.sock 
port       = 3307 
pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.pid 
datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql2 
#language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english 
user       = mysql 
 
[mysqld3] 
socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.sock 
port       = 3308 
pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.pid 
datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql3 
#language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english 
user       = mysql 
 
[mysqld4] 
socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.sock 
port       = 3309 
pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.pid 
datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql4 
#language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english 
user       = mysql

7、启动多实例数据库

代码如下:

将/usr/local/mysql/bin加到$PATH环境变量里 
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH 
 
#查看数据库状态 
mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf report 
#结果都为没有运行 
Reporting MySQL servers 
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running 
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running 
MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running 
MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running 
 
#启动 
mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf start 
#结果为 
Reporting MySQL servers 
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running 
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running 
MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running 
MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running 
 
#启动具体某一个实例可在start、stop后面加上具体数据1,2,3等

8、查看运行结果

代码如下:

#查看相应端口是否已经被监听 
netstat -tunlp 
 
#查看是否有活动进程 
ps -aux|grep mysql

9、登录相应数据库

代码如下:

#进入端口为3306的数据库 
mysql -uroot -p -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 
 
#通过sock文件登录 
mysql -uroot -p -S /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock 
 
 #查看socket文件 
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'socket'; 
 
#查看pid文件 
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%pid%';