详解spring security 配置多个AuthenticationProvider

前言

发现很少关于spring security的文章，基本都是入门级的，配个UserServiceDetails或者配个路由控制就完事了，而且很多还是xml配置，国内通病...so，本文里的配置都是java配置，不涉及xml配置，事实上我也不会xml配置

spring security的大体介绍

spring security本身如果只是说配置，还是很简单易懂的（我也不知道网上说spring security难，难在哪里），简单不需要特别的功能，一个WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter的实现，然后实现UserServiceDetails就是简单的数据库验证了，这个我就不说了。

spring security大体上是由一堆Filter（所以才能在spring mvc前拦截请求）实现的，Filter有几个，登出Filter（LogoutFilter），用户名密码验证Filter（UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter）之类的，Filter再交由其他组件完成细分的功能，例如最常用的UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter会持有一个AuthenticationManager引用，AuthenticationManager顾名思义，验证管理器，负责验证的，但AuthenticationManager本身并不做具体的验证工作，AuthenticationManager持有一个AuthenticationProvider集合，AuthenticationProvider才是做验证工作的组件，AuthenticationManager和AuthenticationProvider的工作机制可以大概看一下这两个的java doc，然后成功失败都有相对应该Handler 。大体的spring security的验证工作流程就是这样了。

开始配置多AuthenticationProvider

首先，写一个内存认证的AuthenticationProvider，这里我简单地写一个只有root帐号的AuthenticationProvider

package com.scau.equipment.config.common.security.provider;

import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationProvider;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017-05-10.
 */
@Component
public class InMemoryAuthenticationProvider implements AuthenticationProvider {
  private final String adminName = "root";
  private final String adminPassword = "root";

  //根用户拥有全部的权限
  private final List<GrantedAuthority> authorities = Arrays.asList(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("CAN_SEARCH"),
      new SimpleGrantedAuthority("CAN_SEARCH"),
      new SimpleGrantedAuthority("CAN_EXPORT"),
      new SimpleGrantedAuthority("CAN_IMPORT"),
      new SimpleGrantedAuthority("CAN_BORROW"),
      new SimpleGrantedAuthority("CAN_RETURN"),
      new SimpleGrantedAuthority("CAN_REPAIR"),
      new SimpleGrantedAuthority("CAN_DISCARD"),
      new SimpleGrantedAuthority("CAN_EMPOWERMENT"),
      new SimpleGrantedAuthority("CAN_BREED"));

  @Override
  public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication) throws AuthenticationException {
    if(isMatch(authentication)){
      User user = new User(authentication.getName(),authentication.getCredentials().toString(),authorities);
      return new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(user,authentication.getCredentials(),authorities);
    }
    return null;
  }

  @Override
  public boolean supports(Class<?> authentication) {
    return true;
  }

  private boolean isMatch(Authentication authentication){
    if(authentication.getName().equals(adminName)&&authentication.getCredentials().equals(adminPassword))
      return true;
    else
      return false;
  }
}

support方法检查authentication的类型是不是这个AuthenticationProvider支持的，这里我简单地返回true，就是所有都支持，这里所说的authentication为什么会有多个类型，是因为多个AuthenticationProvider可以返回不同的Authentication。

public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication) throws AuthenticationException 方法就是验证过程。

如果AuthenticationProvider返回了null，AuthenticationManager会交给下一个支持authentication类型的AuthenticationProvider处理。

另外需要一个数据库认证的AuthenticationProvider，我们可以直接用spring security提供的DaoAuthenticationProvider，设置一下UserServiceDetails和PasswordEncoder就可以了

 @Bean
  DaoAuthenticationProvider daoAuthenticationProvider(){
    DaoAuthenticationProvider daoAuthenticationProvider = new DaoAuthenticationProvider();
    daoAuthenticationProvider.setPasswordEncoder(new BCryptPasswordEncoder());
    daoAuthenticationProvider.setUserDetailsService(userServiceDetails);
    return daoAuthenticationProvider;
  }

最后在WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter里配置一个含有以上两个AuthenticationProvider的AuthenticationManager，依然重用spring security提供的ProviderManager

package com.scau.equipment.config.common.security;

import com.scau.equipment.config.common.security.handler.AjaxLoginFailureHandler;
import com.scau.equipment.config.common.security.handler.AjaxLoginSuccessHandler;
import com.scau.equipment.config.common.security.provider.InMemoryAuthenticationProvider;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.DaoAuthenticationProvider;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.configurers.provisioning.InMemoryUserDetailsManagerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.configurers.provisioning.UserDetailsManagerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.WebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/2/17.
 */
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

  @Autowired
  UserDetailsService userServiceDetails;

  @Autowired
  InMemoryAuthenticationProvider inMemoryAuthenticationProvider;

  @Bean
  DaoAuthenticationProvider daoAuthenticationProvider(){
    DaoAuthenticationProvider daoAuthenticationProvider = new DaoAuthenticationProvider();
    daoAuthenticationProvider.setPasswordEncoder(new BCryptPasswordEncoder());
    daoAuthenticationProvider.setUserDetailsService(userServiceDetails);
    return daoAuthenticationProvider;
  }

  @Override
  protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
    http
        .csrf().disable()
        .rememberMe().alwaysRemember(true).tokenValiditySeconds(86400).and()
        .authorizeRequests()
          .antMatchers("/","/*swagger*/**", "/v2/api-docs").permitAll()
          .anyRequest().authenticated().and()
        .formLogin()
          .loginPage("/")
          .loginProcessingUrl("/login")
          .successHandler(new AjaxLoginSuccessHandler())
          .failureHandler(new AjaxLoginFailureHandler()).and()
        .logout().logoutUrl("/logout").logoutSuccessUrl("/");
  }

  @Override
  public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
    web.ignoring().antMatchers("/public/**", "/webjars/**", "/v2/**", "/swagger**");
  }

  @Override
  protected AuthenticationManager authenticationManager() throws Exception {
    ProviderManager authenticationManager = new ProviderManager(Arrays.asList(inMemoryAuthenticationProvider,daoAuthenticationProvider()));
    //不擦除认证密码，擦除会导致TokenBasedRememberMeServices因为找不到Credentials再调用UserDetailsService而抛出UsernameNotFoundException
    authenticationManager.setEraseCredentialsAfterAuthentication(false);
    return authenticationManager;
  }

  /**
   * 这里需要提供UserDetailsService的原因是RememberMeServices需要用到
   * @return
   */
  @Override
  protected UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
    return userServiceDetails;
  }
}

基本上都是重用了原有的类，很多都是默认使用的，只不过为了修改下行为而重新配置。其实如果偷懒，直接用一个UserDetailsService，在里面做各种认证也是可以的~不过这样就没意思了

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持我们。