java实现图书馆管理系统

本文实例为大家分享了java实现图书馆管理系统的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

思路：所有包都在book_manage包里

利用面向对象的多态特性去除了很多if-else的判断，不同的子类在父类所对应的方法不同。

1.首先建立一个book包

包里面有2个类，一个是Book,这个类里面包含一本书的全部信息
另外一个类是BookList，这个类是用来管理每一个书，通过这个类来寻找每一本书。
private Book[] books = new Book[100];
Book数组里面存放所有的书。

2.再建立一个包Operation 这个类里面有一个OI接口，通过对接口里面的Work方法重写，来实现管理员身份和普通用户身份的不同操作。

3.最后建立一个User包，里面有三个类，User，Admin,NormalUser

Admin和NormalUser都继承自User.
User里秒你有一个数组
protected IO[] operation;
这个数组里面包含了用户或者管理员所具备的操作。
通过对数组的索引来确定具体需要调用的操作方法。

下面来看看代码吧：

book包

Book类

package book_manager.book;

public class Book {
 private String name;
 private String id;
 private String author;
 private int price;
 private String type;
 private boolean isBorrow;

 public Book(String name, String id, String author, int price,
  String type, boolean isBorrow) {
 this.name = name;
 this.id = id;
 this.author = author;
 this.price = price;
 this.type = type;
 this.isBorrow = isBorrow;
 }

 @Override //Object中内置的类，用来格式化打印book的信息
 public String toString() {
 return "Book{" +
  "name='" + name + '\'' +
  ", id='" + id + '\'' +
  ", author='" + author + '\'' +
  ", price=" + price +
  ", type='" + type + '\'' +
  ", isBorrow=" + isBorrow +
  '}';
 }

 public String getName(){
 return name;
 }

 public boolean isBorrow(){
 return isBorrow;
 }

 public void setBorrow(boolean bool){
 this.isBorrow=bool;
 }

 public String getId(){
 return id;
 }
}

BookList类

package book_manager.book;

import java.util.Arrays;

public class BookList {
  private Book[] books = new Book[100];
  private int size;
  public BookList(){
  books[0] = new Book("金瓶梅",
    "001", "兰陵笑笑生", 100,
    "古典名著", false);
  books[1] = new Book("水浒传",
    "002", "施耐庵", 100,
    "古典名著", false);
  books[2] = new Book("西游记",
    "003", "吴承恩", 100,
    "古典名著", false);
  size = 3;
 }

 public int getSize(){
   return size;
 }

 public void setBooks(int index,Book book){
   books[index]=book;
 }

 public void setSize(int size){
   this.size=size;
 }

 public Book getBook(int index){
   return books[index];
 }
}

Operation包：

ADD类

package book_manager.Operation;

import book_manager.book.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class ADD implements IO{

 @Override
 public void work(BookList bookList) {
  Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
  System.out.println("请输入书名");
  String name =scanner.next();
  System.out.println("请输入序号");
  String id = scanner.next();
  System.out.println("请输入作者");
  String author =scanner.next();
  System.out.println("请输入价格");
  int price = scanner.nextInt();
  System.out.println("请输入类型");
  String type = scanner.next();
  Book book = new Book(name, id,
    author, price, type, false);
  bookList.setBooks(bookList.getSize(),book);
  bookList.setSize(bookList.getSize()+1);
  System.out.println("添加成功");
 }
}

Borrow类

package book_manager.Operation;

import book_manager.book.Book;
import book_manager.book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Borrow implements IO{
 @Override
 public void work(BookList bookList) {
  int i=0;
  int flag=0;
  Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);

  System.out.println("请输入需要借阅的书名");
  String name = scan.next();
  for(;i<bookList.getSize();i++){
   if(name.equals(bookList.getBook(i).getName())){
    if(bookList.getBook(i).isBorrow()==false){
     System.out.println("借阅成功");
     flag=1;
     bookList.getBook(i).setBorrow(true);
    }

    }
   }
  if(flag==0){
   System.out.println("不好意思，借阅失败");
  }

 }
}

Delete类

package book_manager.Operation;

import book_manager.book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Delete implements IO{

 public void work(BookList bookList){
  Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
  System.out.println("请输入想要删除的编号");
  String id = scanner.next();
  for(int i=0;i<bookList.getSize();i++){
   if(bookList.getBook(i).getId().equals(id)){
    bookList.setBooks(i,bookList.getBook(bookList.getSize()));
    bookList.setSize(bookList.getSize()-1);
    System.out.println("删除成功");
   }
   else{
    System.out.println("删除失败");
   }
  }
 }
}

Exit类

package book_manager.Operation;

import book_manager.book.BookList;

public class Exit implements IO{
 @Override
 public void work(BookList bookList) {
  System.out.println("退出成功");
  System.exit(0);
 }
}

Find类

package book_manager.Operation;

import book_manager.book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Find implements IO{
 @Override
 public void work(BookList bookList) {
  int i=0;
  int count=0;
  Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);

  System.out.println("请输入需要查找的书名");
  String name = scan.next();
  for(;i<bookList.getSize();i++){
   if(name.equals(bookList.getBook(i).getName())){
    count++;
   }
  }
  if(count==0){
   System.out.println("不好意思，没有找到");
  }
  else{
   System.out.println("找到了，共计"+count+"本");
  }
 }
}

IO接口

package book_manager.Operation;

import book_manager.book.BookList;

public interface IO {
 abstract public void work(BookList bookList);
}

PrintAll类

package book_manager.Operation;

import book_manager.book.BookList;

public class PrintAll implements IO{
 @Override
 public void work(BookList bookList) {
  for(int i=0;i<bookList.getSize();i++){
   System.out.println(bookList.getBook(i));
  }
 }

}

Return类

package book_manager.Operation;

import book_manager.book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Return implements IO{
 @Override
 public void work(BookList bookList) {
  int i=0;
  int flag=0;
  Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);

  System.out.println("请输入需要归还的ID");
  String id = scan.next();
  for(;i<bookList.getSize();i++){
   if(id.equals(bookList.getBook(i).getId())){
    if(bookList.getBook(i).isBorrow()==true){
     System.out.println("归还成功");
     bookList.getBook(i).setBorrow(false);
     flag=1;
    }
    else{
     System.out.println("归还失败");
    }
   }

  }
  if(flag==0){
   System.out.println("不好意思，没有此书");
  }

 }
}

user包:

User类

package book_manager.user;

import book_manager.Operation.*;
import book_manager.Operation.IO;
import book_manager.book.BookList;

abstract public class User {
 String name;
 protected IO[] operation;

 public User(String name){
  this.name=name;
 }

 abstract public int menu();//该方法被重写
 public void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList) {
  operation[choice].work(bookList);
 }
}

Admin类

package book_manager.user;

import book_manager.Operation.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Admin extends User{
 public Admin(String name){
  super(name);
  operation=new IO[]{
    new Exit(),
    new Find(),
    new ADD(),
    new Delete(),
    new PrintAll(),
  };

 }

 public int menu() {
  System.out.println("============");
  System.out.println("hello " + name);
  System.out.println("1. 查找书籍");
  System.out.println("2. 增加书籍");
  System.out.println("3. 删除书籍");
  System.out.println("4. 打印所有信息");
  System.out.println("0. 退出");
  System.out.println("============");
  System.out.println("请输入您的选择: ");
  Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
  int choice = scanner.nextInt();
  return choice;
 }

}

NormalUser

package book_manager.user;

import book_manager.Operation.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class NormalUser extends User{
 public NormalUser(String name){
  super(name);
  operation=new IO[]{
    new Exit(),
    new Find(),
    new Borrow(),
    new Return(),
    new PrintAll()
  };
 }
 public int menu() {
  System.out.println("============");
  System.out.println("hello " + name);
  System.out.println("1. 查找图书");
  System.out.println("2. 借阅图书");
  System.out.println("3. 归还图书");
  System.out.println("4. 查看全部书籍");
  System.out.println("0. 退出");
  System.out.println("============");
  System.out.println("请输入您的选择: ");
  Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
  int choice = scanner.nextInt();
  // close 本质上是在关闭 System.in
  // 由于后面还需要用到 System.in, 此处不能盲目关闭.
  // scanner.close();
  return choice;
 }

}

最后还有一个Test类，里面放了main函数

package book_manager;

import book_manager.book.BookList;
import book_manager.user.Admin;
import book_manager.user.NormalUser;
import book_manager.user.User;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  BookList list = new BookList();
  User user = login();
  //通过不同的choice和身份调用不同的Operation方法
   while(true){
   int choice = user.menu();
   user.doOperation(choice, list);
  }
 }

 public static User login(){
  Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
  System.out.println("请输入你的姓名");
  String name = scanner.next();
  System.out.println("请输入你的身份");
  System.out.println("1.普通用户 2.管理员");
  int role= scanner.nextInt();
  if(role==1){
   return new NormalUser(name);
  }
  else{
   return new Admin(name);
  }

 }
}

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