Java 实现浏览器下载文件及文件预览

插曲想记录一下，以后可以来粘贴复制用。

一、浏览器下载文件

setContentType() 该实体头的作用是让服务器告诉浏览器它发送的数据属于什么文件类型。

没有缓存

response.addHeader("Pargam", "no-cache");
response.addHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
public static void setResponseHeader(HttpServletResponse response, String name) {

    try {
        name = new String(name.getBytes(), "ISO8859-1");
    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    response.setContentType("application/docx");
    //要保存的文件名
    response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + name + ".docx");
    response.addHeader("Pargam", "no-cache");
    response.addHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
}

二、浏览器预览文件只需要把下面这行注释就好

response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + name + ".docx");

setContentType() 中的参数选择：

文件扩展名 Content-Type(Mime-Type) 文件扩展名 Content-Type(Mime-Type)
.*（ 二进制流，不知道下载文件类型） application/octet-stream .tif image/tiff
.001 application/x-001 .301 application/x-301
.323 text/h323 .906 application/x-906
.907 drawing/907 .a11 application/x-a11
.acp audio/x-mei-aac .ai application/postscript
.aif audio/aiff .aifc audio/aiff
.aiff audio/aiff .anv application/x-anv
.asa text/asa .asf video/x-ms-asf
.asp text/asp .asx video/x-ms-asf
.au audio/basic .avi video/avi
.awf application/vnd.adobe.workflow .biz text/xml
.bmp application/x-bmp .bot application/x-bot
.c4t application/x-c4t .c90 application/x-c90
.cal application/x-cals .cat application/vnd.ms-pki.seccat
.cdf application/x-netcdf .cdr application/x-cdr
.cel application/x-cel .cer application/x-x509-ca-cert
.cg4 application/x-g4 .cgm application/x-cgm
.cit application/x-cit .class java/*
.cml text/xml .cmp application/x-cmp
.cmx application/x-cmx .cot application/x-cot
.crl application/pkix-crl .crt application/x-x509-ca-cert
.csi application/x-csi .css text/css
.cut application/x-cut .dbf application/x-dbf
.dbm application/x-dbm .dbx application/x-dbx
.dcd text/xml .dcx application/x-dcx
.der application/x-x509-ca-cert .dgn application/x-dgn
.dib application/x-dib .dll application/x-msdownload
.doc application/msword .dot application/msword
.drw application/x-drw .dtd text/xml
.dwf Model/vnd.dwf .dwf application/x-dwf
.dwg application/x-dwg .dxb application/x-dxb
.dxf application/x-dxf .edn application/vnd.adobe.edn
.emf application/x-emf .eml message/rfc822
.ent text/xml .epi application/x-epi
.eps application/x-ps .eps application/postscript
.etd application/x-ebx .exe application/x-msdownload
.fax image/fax .fdf application/vnd.fdf
.fif application/fractals .fo text/xml
.frm application/x-frm .g4 application/x-g4
.gbr application/x-gbr . application/x-
.gif image/gif .gl2 application/x-gl2
.gp4 application/x-gp4 .hgl application/x-hgl
.hmr application/x-hmr .hpg application/x-hpgl
.hpl application/x-hpl .hqx application/mac-binhex40
.hrf application/x-hrf .hta application/hta
.htc text/x-component .htm text/html
.html text/html .htt text/webviewhtml
.htx text/html .icb application/x-icb
.ico image/x-icon .ico application/x-ico
.iff application/x-iff .ig4 application/x-g4
.igs application/x-igs .iii application/x-iphone
.img application/x-img .ins application/x-internet-signup
.isp application/x-internet-signup .IVF video/x-ivf
.java java/* .jfif image/jpeg
.jpe image/jpeg .jpe application/x-jpe
.jpeg image/jpeg .jpg image/jpeg
.jpg application/x-jpg .js application/x-javascript
.jsp text/html .la1 audio/x-liquid-file
.lar application/x-laplayer-reg .latex application/x-latex
.lavs audio/x-liquid-secure .lbm application/x-lbm
.lmsff audio/x-la-lms .ls application/x-javascript
.ltr application/x-ltr .m1v video/x-mpeg
.m2v video/x-mpeg .m3u audio/mpegurl
.m4e video/mpeg4 .mac application/x-mac
.man application/x-troff-man .math text/xml
.mdb application/msaccess .mdb application/x-mdb
.mfp application/x-shockwave-flash .mht message/rfc822
.mhtml message/rfc822 .mi application/x-mi
.mid audio/mid .midi audio/mid
.mil application/x-mil .mml text/xml
.mnd audio/x-musicnet-download .mns audio/x-musicnet-stream
.mocha application/x-javascript .movie video/x-sgi-movie
.mp1 audio/mp1 .mp2 audio/mp2
.mp2v video/mpeg .mp3 audio/mp3
.mp4 video/mpeg4 .mpa video/x-mpg
.mpd application/vnd.ms-project .mpe video/x-mpeg
.mpeg video/mpg .mpg video/mpg
.mpga audio/rn-mpeg .mpp application/vnd.ms-project
.mps video/x-mpeg .mpt application/vnd.ms-project
.mpv video/mpg .mpv2 video/mpeg
.mpw application/vnd.ms-project .mpx application/vnd.ms-project
.mtx text/xml .mxp application/x-mmxp
.net image/pnetvue .nrf application/x-nrf
.nws message/rfc822 .odc text/x-ms-odc
.out application/x-out .p10 application/pkcs10
.p12 application/x-pkcs12 .p7b application/x-pkcs7-certificates
.p7c application/pkcs7-mime .p7m application/pkcs7-mime
.p7r application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp .p7s application/pkcs7-signature
.pc5 application/x-pc5 .pci application/x-pci
.pcl application/x-pcl .pcx application/x-pcx
.pdf application/pdf .pdf application/pdf
.pdx application/vnd.adobe.pdx .pfx application/x-pkcs12
.pgl application/x-pgl .pic application/x-pic
.pko application/vnd.ms-pki.pko .pl application/x-perl
.plg text/html .pls audio/scpls
.plt application/x-plt .png image/png
.png application/x-png .pot application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.ppa application/vnd.ms-powerpoint .ppm application/x-ppm
.pps application/vnd.ms-powerpoint .ppt application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.ppt application/x-ppt .pr application/x-pr
.prf application/pics-rules .prn application/x-prn
.prt application/x-prt .ps application/x-ps
.ps application/postscript .ptn application/x-ptn
.pwz application/vnd.ms-powerpoint .r3t text/vnd.rn-realtext3d
.ra audio/vnd.rn-realaudio .ram audio/x-pn-realaudio
.ras application/x-ras .rat application/rat-file
.rdf text/xml .rec application/vnd.rn-recording
.red application/x-red .rgb application/x-rgb
.rjs application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rjs .rjt application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rjt
.rlc application/x-rlc .rle application/x-rle
.rm application/vnd.rn-realmedia .rmf application/vnd.adobe.rmf
.rmi audio/mid .rmj application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rmj
.rmm audio/x-pn-realaudio .rmp application/vnd.rn-rn_music_package
.rms application/vnd.rn-realmedia-secure .rmvb application/vnd.rn-realmedia-vbr
.rmx application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rmx .rnx application/vnd.rn-realplayer
.rp image/vnd.rn-realpix .rpm audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin
.rsml application/vnd.rn-rsml .rt text/vnd.rn-realtext
.rtf application/msword .rtf application/x-rtf
.rv video/vnd.rn-realvideo .sam application/x-sam
.sat application/x-sat .sdp application/sdp
.sdw application/x-sdw .sit application/x-stuffit
.slb application/x-slb .sld application/x-sld
.slk drawing/x-slk .smi application/smil
.smil application/smil .smk application/x-smk
.snd audio/basic .sol text/plain
.sor text/plain .spc application/x-pkcs7-certificates
.spl application/futuresplash .spp text/xml
.ssm application/streamingmedia .sst application/vnd.ms-pki.certstore
.stl application/vnd.ms-pki.stl .stm text/html
.sty application/x-sty .svg text/xml
.swf application/x-shockwave-flash .tdf application/x-tdf
.tg4 application/x-tg4 .tga application/x-tga
.tif image/tiff .tif application/x-tif
.tiff image/tiff .tld text/xml
.top drawing/x-top .torrent application/x-bittorrent
.tsd text/xml .txt text/plain
.uin application/x-icq .uls text/iuls
.vcf text/x-vcard .vda application/x-vda
.vdx application/vnd.visio .vml text/xml
.vpg application/x-vpeg005 .vsd application/vnd.visio
.vsd application/x-vsd .vss application/vnd.visio
.vst application/vnd.visio .vst application/x-vst
.vsw application/vnd.visio .vsx application/vnd.visio
.vtx application/vnd.visio .vxml text/xml
.wav audio/wav .wax audio/x-ms-wax
.wb1 application/x-wb1 .wb2 application/x-wb2
.wb3 application/x-wb3 .wbmp image/vnd.wap.wbmp
.wiz application/msword .wk3 application/x-wk3
.wk4 application/x-wk4 .wkq application/x-wkq
.wks application/x-wks .wm video/x-ms-wm
.wma audio/x-ms-wma .wmd application/x-ms-wmd
.wmf application/x-wmf .wml text/vnd.wap.wml
.wmv video/x-ms-wmv .wmx video/x-ms-wmx
.wmz application/x-ms-wmz .wp6 application/x-wp6
.wpd application/x-wpd .wpg application/x-wpg
.wpl application/vnd.ms-wpl .wq1 application/x-wq1
.wr1 application/x-wr1 .wri application/x-wri
.wrk application/x-wrk .ws application/x-ws
.ws2 application/x-ws .wsc text/scriptlet
.wsdl text/xml .wvx video/x-ms-wvx
.xdp application/vnd.adobe.xdp .xdr text/xml
.xfd application/vnd.adobe.xfd .xfdf application/vnd.adobe.xfdf
.xhtml text/html .xls application/vnd.ms-excel
.xls application/x-xls .xlw application/x-xlw
.xml text/xml .xpl audio/scpls
.xq text/xml .xql text/xml
.xquery text/xml .xsd text/xml
.xsl text/xml .xslt text/xml
.xwd application/x-xwd .x_b application/x-x_b
.sis application/vnd.symbian.install .sisx application/vnd.symbian.install
.x_t application/x-x_t .ipa application/vnd.iphone
.apk application/vnd.android.package-archive .xap application/x-silverlight-app

Java 后台字符串以txt文件响应到浏览器进行下载

String fileName = "短信模版.txt";
OutputStream os = null;
try {
    response.reset();
    response.setContentType("application/octet-stream; charset=utf-8");
    response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + new String(fileName.getBytes(),"ISO8859-1"));
    byte[] bytes = sb.toString().getBytes("GBK");
    os = response.getOutputStream();
    // 将字节流传入到响应流里,响应到浏览器
    os.write(bytes);
    os.close();
} catch (Exception ex) {
    logger.error("导出失败:", ex);
    throw new RuntimeException("导出失败");
}finally {
    try {
        if (null != os) {
            os.close();
        }
    } catch (IOException ioEx) {
        logger.error("导出失败:", ioEx);
    }
}

以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持我们。

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