python语言实现贪吃蛇游戏

本文实例为大家分享了python实现贪吃蛇游戏的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

新手自学python（简易贪吃蛇代码）
环境python3.7

刚刚大学毕业进入工作岗位，发现同事基本都会写py脚本，于是自学了一下，并写了一个简单的贪吃蛇代码，我觉得写的还是比较容易看懂，适合新手接触python。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import tkinter as tk
# 使用Tkinter前需要先导入
import tkinter.messagebox
import pickle
import random
import time

# 第1步，实例化object，建立窗口window
window = tk.Tk()
# 第2步，给窗口的可视化起名字
window.title('Greedy snake')
# 第3步，设定窗口的大小(长 * 宽)
# window.geometry('1004x504')  # 这里的乘是小x

# 第5步，创建一个主frame，长在主window窗口上
frame = tk.Frame(window, bg = 'blue', bd = 2, relief = tk.FLAT)
frame.pack(side = 'left')
#当前框架被选中，意思是键盘触发，只对这个框架有效
frame.focus_set()
Labellist = [] #存放所有方块的label
Blocklist = [] #存放背景方块的值 1：被占用 0：空闲
Snakelist = [] #存放snake的坐标
height = 15
width = 20
#snack前进方向
left = 0
right = 1
up = 2
down =3
pause = 0
start = 1
class App(tk.Frame):
  def __init__(self,master):
    self.window = master
    tk.Frame.__init__(self)
    master.bind('<Up>',self.Up)
    master.bind('<Left>',self.Left)
    master.bind('<Right>',self.Right)
    master.bind('<Down>',self.Down)
    master.bind('<p>',self.Pause)
    master.bind('<s>',self.Start)
    master.bind('<r>',self.Restart)
    self.Init_snake() #初始化界面方法
    self.time = 1000
    self.Onetime()
  def Up(self, event):
    if self.Istart:
      self.direction = up
  def Down(self, event):
    if self.Istart:
      self.direction = down
  def Left(self, event):
    if self.Istart:
      self.direction = left
  def Right(self, event):
    if self.Istart:
      self.direction = right
  def Init_snake(self):
    del Labellist[:]
    del Blocklist[:]
    del Snakelist[:]
    #初始化背景方块
    LabelRowList = []
    BlockRowlist = []
    c = r = 0
    for k in range(width*height):
      LN=tk.Label(frame,text = '  ', bg = 'black', fg = 'white', relief = tk.FLAT, bd = 4)
      LN.grid(row=r,column=c,sticky=tk.N+tk.E+tk.S+tk.W)
      LabelRowList.append(LN)
      BlockRowlist.append(0)
      c=c+1
      if c>=20:
        r=r+1
        c=0
        Labellist.append(LabelRowList)
        Blocklist.append(BlockRowlist)
        LabelRowList = []
        BlockRowlist = []
    #初始化snake
    self.Istart = 0
    self.direction = left
    self.direction_last = left
    self.overflag = 0
    #snake head的初始位置
    self.x = 7
    self.y = 8
    #snake tail的初始位置
    self.x_tail = 7
    self.y_tail = 10
    Snakelist.append((7,8))
    Snakelist.append((7,9))
    Snakelist.append((7,10))
    self.snakelen = len(Snakelist)

    Blocklist[self.x][self.y] = 1
    Blocklist[self.x][self.y+1] = 1
    Blocklist[self.x][self.y+2] = 1
    Labellist[self.x][self.y].config(bg = 'green', relief = tk.RAISED)
    Labellist[self.x][self.y+1].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED)
    Labellist[self.x][self.y+2].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED)
    #初始化food
    self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)
    self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)
    while Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] == 1:
      self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)
      self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)
    Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] = 1
    Labellist[self.food_x][self.food_y].config(bg = 'red', relief = tk.RIDGE)
  def Pause(self, event):
    self.Istart = pause
  def Start(self, event):
    self.Istart = start
  def Restart(self, event):
    self.Init_snake()
  def Onetime(self): #每1000ms做一次界面刷新
    if self.Istart and self.overflag == 0:
      if (self.direction_last == down and self.direction == up )or(self.direction_last == up and self.direction == down )or(self.direction_last ==left and self.direction == right )or(self.direction_last ==right and self.direction == left ):
        self.direction = self.direction_last
      self.direction_last = self.direction
      x0 = self.x
      y0 = self.y
      if self.direction == left:
        if x0 == self.food_x and y0-1 == self.food_y:
          Labellist[x0][y0-1].config(bg = 'green', relief = tk.RAISED)
          Labellist[x0][y0].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED)
          self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)
          self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)
          while Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] == 1:
            self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)
            self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)
          Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] = 1
          Labellist[self.food_x][self.food_y].config(bg = 'red', relief = tk.RIDGE)
          self.snakelen += 1
          Snakelist.insert(0,(x0,y0-1))
          self.x = x0
          self.y = y0 - 1
        elif (x0>=0 and x0<height and y0-1>=0 and y0-1<width and Blocklist[x0][y0-1] == 0) or (self.x_tail == x0 and self.y_tail == y0 - 1):
          Blocklist[self.x_tail][self.y_tail] = 0
          Labellist[self.x_tail][self.y_tail].config(bg = 'black', relief = tk.FLAT)
          Blocklist[x0][y0-1] = 1
          Labellist[x0][y0-1].config(bg = 'green', relief = tk.RAISED)
          Labellist[x0][y0].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED)
          del Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1]
          Snakelist.insert(0,(x0,y0-1))
          self.x = x0
          self.y = y0 - 1
          self.x_tail = Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1][0]
          self.y_tail = Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1][1]
        else:
          tk.messagebox.showinfo(title = 'snake', message = 'game over!!!')
          self.overflag = 1
      elif self.direction == up:
        if x0-1 == self.food_x and y0 == self.food_y:
          Labellist[x0-1][y0].config(bg = 'green', relief = tk.RAISED)
          Labellist[x0][y0].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED)
          self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)
          self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)
          while Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] == 1:
            self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)
            self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)
          Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] = 1
          Labellist[self.food_x][self.food_y].config(bg = 'red', relief = tk.RIDGE)
          self.snakelen += 1
          Snakelist.insert(0,(x0-1,y0))
          self.x = x0 - 1
          self.y = y0
        elif (x0-1 >=0 and x0-1<height and y0>=0 and y0<width and Blocklist[x0-1][y0] == 0) or (self.x_tail == x0-1 and self.y_tail == y0):
          Blocklist[self.x_tail][self.y_tail] = 0
          Labellist[self.x_tail][self.y_tail].config(bg = 'black', relief = tk.FLAT)
          Blocklist[x0-1][y0] = 1
          Labellist[x0-1][y0].config(bg = 'green', relief = tk.RAISED)
          Labellist[x0][y0].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED)
          del Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1]
          Snakelist.insert(0,(x0 - 1,y0))
          self.x = x0 - 1
          self.y = y0
          self.x_tail = Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1][0]
          self.y_tail = Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1][1]
        else:
          tk.messagebox.showinfo(title = 'snake', message = 'game over!!!')
          self.overflag = 1
      elif self.direction == down:
        if x0+1 == self.food_x and y0 == self.food_y:
          Labellist[x0+1][y0].config(bg = 'green', relief = tk.RAISED)
          Labellist[x0][y0].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED)
          self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)
          self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)
          while Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] == 1:
            self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)
            self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)
          Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] = 1
          Labellist[self.food_x][self.food_y].config(bg = 'red', relief = tk.RIDGE)
          self.snakelen += 1
          Snakelist.insert(0,(x0+1,y0))
          self.x = x0 + 1
          self.y = y0
        elif (x0+1 >=0 and x0+1 <height and y0>=0 and y0<width and Blocklist[x0+1][y0] == 0) or (self.x_tail == x0+1 and self.y_tail == y0):
          Blocklist[self.x_tail][self.y_tail] = 0
          Labellist[self.x_tail][self.y_tail].config(bg = 'black', relief = tk.FLAT)
          Blocklist[x0+1][y0] = 1
          Labellist[x0+1][y0].config(bg = 'green', relief = tk.RAISED)
          Labellist[x0][y0].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED)
          del Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1]
          Snakelist.insert(0,(x0 + 1,y0))
          self.x = x0 + 1
          self.y = y0
          self.x_tail = Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1][0]
          self.y_tail = Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1][1]
        else:
          tk.messagebox.showinfo(title = 'snake', message = 'game over!!!')
          self.overflag = 1
      elif self.direction == right:
        if x0 == self.food_x and y0+1 == self.food_y:
          Labellist[x0][y0+1].config(bg = 'green', relief = tk.RAISED)
          Labellist[x0][y0].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED)
          self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)
          self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)
          while Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] == 1:
            self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)
            self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)
          Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] = 1
          Labellist[self.food_x][self.food_y].config(bg = 'red', relief = tk.RIDGE)
          self.snakelen += 1
          Snakelist.insert(0,(x0,y0 + 1))
          self.x = x0
          self.y = y0 + 1
        elif (x0>=0 and x0<height and y0+1>=0 and y0+1<width and Blocklist[x0][y0+1] == 0) or (self.x_tail == x0 and self.y_tail == y0+1):
          Blocklist[self.x_tail][self.y_tail] = 0
          Labellist[self.x_tail][self.y_tail].config(bg = 'black', relief = tk.FLAT)
          Blocklist[x0][y0+1] = 1
          Labellist[x0][y0+1].config(bg = 'green', relief = tk.RAISED)
          Labellist[x0][y0].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED)
          del Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1]
          Snakelist.insert(0,(x0,y0 + 1))
          self.x = x0
          self.y = y0 + 1
          self.x_tail = Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1][0]
          self.y_tail = Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1][1]
        else:
          tk.messagebox.showinfo(title = 'snake', message = 'game over!!!')
          self.overflag = 1
    self.after(self.time,self.Onetime)
def Start_Stop():
  app.Istart = 1 - app.Istart
def Restart():
  app.Restart(0)
#主菜单
mainmenu = tk.Menu(window)
window['menu'] = mainmenu
#二级菜单：game
gamemenu=tk.Menu(mainmenu)
mainmenu.add_cascade(label='游戏',menu=gamemenu)
gamemenu.add_command(label = '开始/暂停',command=Start_Stop)
gamemenu.add_command(label = '重置',command=Restart)
gamemenu.add_command(label = '退出',command=window.quit)
app = App(window)
window.mainloop()

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