ubuntu中利用nginx部署vue项目的完整步骤
目录
- 1.安装nginx
- 2.打包上传vue项目到服务器
- 配置nginx
- 访问vue项目
- 常见错误
- 总结
1.安装nginx
更新源列表
apt-get update
安装nginx
apt-get install nginx
检查nginx是否安装,输入如下命令后若出现版本号则安装成功
nginx -v
启动nginx
server nginx restart
在浏览器输入ip地址,若出现如下页面则启动成功
2. 打包上传vue项目到服务器
打包
我的项目使用的是vs code,在终端输入如下命令进行打包
npm run build
上传
打包完成后会有dist文件,该文件为打包完成后的项目,该文件中有index.html和static两个内容。
将该dist文件上传到服务器的某个位置即可
我上传到/home/ubuntu文件中
配置nginx
修改nginx.conf
安装nginx后,nginx的默认目录是/etc/nginx
在该目录中有nginx.conf文件,输入如下命令,使用vi打开该文件
vi nginx.conf
我的nginx.conf文件原内容如下
user www-data; worker_processes auto; pid /run/nginx.pid; include /etc/nginx/modules-enabled/*.conf; events { worker_connections 768; # multi_accept on; } http { ## # Basic Settings ## sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; # server_tokens off; # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; # server_name_in_redirect off; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; ## # SSL Settings ## ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3; # Dropping SSLv3, ref: POODLE ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; ## # Logging Settings ## access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; ## # Gzip Settings ## gzip on; # gzip_vary on; # gzip_proxied any; # gzip_comp_level 6; # gzip_buffers 16 8k; # gzip_http_version 1.1; # gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; ## # Virtual Host Configs ## include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; } #mail { # # See sample authentication script at: # # http://wiki.nginx.org/ImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript # # # auth_http localhost/auth.php; # # pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER"; # # imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS"; # # server { # listen localhost:110; # protocol pop3; # proxy on; # } # # server { # listen localhost:143; # protocol imap; # proxy on; # } #}
在http模块中加入如下内容,表示配置文件要引用hosts文件夹下的host后缀的文件。该host后缀文件就是用来配置vue项目的,一个host文件配置一个vue项目
include /etc/nginx/hosts/*.host;
修改后文件如下
user www-data; worker_processes auto; pid /run/nginx.pid; include /etc/nginx/modules-enabled/*.conf; events { worker_connections 768; # multi_accept on; } http { ## # Basic Settings ## sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; # server_tokens off; # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; # server_name_in_redirect off; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; ## # SSL Settings ## ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3; # Dropping SSLv3, ref: POODLE ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; ## # Logging Settings ## access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; ## # Gzip Settings ## gzip on; # gzip_vary on; # gzip_proxied any; # gzip_comp_level 6; # gzip_buffers 16 8k; # gzip_http_version 1.1; # gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; ## # Virtual Host Configs ## include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; include /etc/nginx/hosts/*.host;#新添加的一行 } #mail { # # See sample authentication script at: # # http://wiki.nginx.org/ImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript # # # auth_http localhost/auth.php; # # pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER"; # # imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS"; # # server { # listen localhost:110; # protocol pop3; # proxy on; # } # # server { # listen localhost:143; # protocol imap; # proxy on; # } #}
创建*.host文件
在/etc/nginx中创建hosts文件夹
mkdir hosts
在host文件中创建syt.host文件,文件名随便命名
在文件中添加如下内容
server { listen 8080;#自己设置端口号 server_name syt;#自己设置项目名称 #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { root /home/ubuntu/dist;#这里写vue项目的所在地址 index index.html;#这里是vue项目的首页,需要保证dist中有index.html文件 } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;#错误页面 }
重启nginx
nginx -s reload
访问vue项目
ip:port/index.html即可进行访问
常见错误
浏览器访问时显示403
这个问题有多种原因,我当时遇到的原因是该项目所在的文件没有权限访问。我的项目所在文件是/home/ububtu/dist
使用如下命令保证可以访问(比较暴力qaq)
chmod -R 777 home
chmod -R 777 ubuntu
chmod -R 777 dist
总结
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