使用spring aop 统一捕获异常和写日志的示例demo
之前给大家介绍过Spring AOP的基础知识,需要的朋友点击了解下吧,这边我将给您介绍用spring AOP 实现的异常捕获和日志的小demo,我也会详细解释相关配置。
首先给大家看一下我的工程目录:
大家可以先用eclipse中新建一个maven工程,在工程中pom.xml按下面文件添加依赖:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.zy</groupId> <artifactId>AOPException</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>AOPException Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId> <version>1.5.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>5.0.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.8.13</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>2.9.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.9.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.9.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.47</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mockito</groupId> <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId> <version>2.18.3</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>AOPException</finalName> </build> </project>
添加完依赖后,开始配置web.xml文件,如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0"> <display-name>exception-test-web</display-name> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>//这边是加载spring的配置文件 /WEB-INF/config/applicationContext.xml </param-value> </context-param> <context-param> <param-name>spring.profiles.default</param-name> <param-value>production</param-value> </context-param> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <servlet> <servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> //这边是加载spring的配置文件 <param-value>/WEB-INF/config/spring-mvc-config.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <session-config> <session-timeout>20</session-timeout> </session-config></web-app>
配置完web.xml后,你可开始配置spring配置文件了,也就是applicationContext.xml文件。如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd" default-lazy-init="true"> <description>Spring公共配置</description> <!-- 使用annotation 自动注册bean, 并保证@Required、@Autowired的属性被注入 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.zy.test"> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />//不扫描controller注解类 <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice" />//不扫描ControllerAdvice注解类 </context:component-scan> </beans>
然后配置spring-mvc-config.xml文件,如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd "> <!-- 自动扫描 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.zy.test" use-default-filters="false"> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />//扫描COntroller注解类 <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice" />//扫描ControllerAdvice注解类 </context:component-scan> <mvc:annotation-driven> <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true"> <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"> <constructor-arg value="UTF-8" /> <property name="writeAcceptCharset" value="false" /> </bean> <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"> <property name="prettyPrint" value="true" /> </bean> </mvc:message-converters> </mvc:annotation-driven> <!-- <bean class="com.zy.test.config.ExceptionConfig"/> --> <!-- 这里的配置可以通过 com.zy.test.config.ExceptionConfig这个注解类来完成 --> <aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true" /> <bean class="com.zy.test.aspect.WebExceptionAspect" scope="singleton"/> //配置了单例 </beans>
上面spring容器和spring-mvc容器中扫描的类不一样,是为了区分两个容器的职责,spring-mvc负责controller控制器这块的类。因为我们的异常捕获是从controller类往外抛,所以我们对于aspect类也放在spring-mvc容器中。
下面就开始介绍我们的切面类:
package com.zy.test.aspect; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint; import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning; import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing; import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect; import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before; import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import com.zy.test.annotation.ArchivesLog; /** * web 异常切面 * @author user * */ @Aspect public class WebExceptionAspect { @Pointcut("@annotation(org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping)")//连接点是@RequestMapping注解的方法 private void webPointcut() {} @AfterThrowing(pointcut = "webPointcut()", throwing = "e")//切点在webpointCut() public void handleThrowing(JoinPoint joinPoint, Exception e) {//controller类抛出的异常在这边捕获 String className = joinPoint.getTarget().getClass().getName(); String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName(); Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs(); //开始打log System.out.println("异常:" + e.getMessage()); System.out.println("异常所在类:" + className); System.out.println("异常所在方法:" + methodName); System.out.println("异常中的参数:"); System.out.println(methodName); for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) { System.out.println(args[i].toString()); } } @Before("execution(* com.zy.test.controller.*.*(..))") public void beforeProcess(JoinPoint joinPoint) { String className = joinPoint.getTarget().getClass().getName(); String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName(); Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs(); //在项目中最好记录当前操作的时间和用户 System.out.println("操作所在类:" + className); System.out.println("操作所在方法:" + methodName); System.out.println("操作中的参数:"); for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) { System.out.println(args[i].toString()); } } @AfterReturning(value = "execution(* com.zy.test.controller.*.*(..)))", returning = "returnVal") public void returnProcess(JoinPoint joinPoint, Object returnVal) { String className = joinPoint.getTarget().getClass().getName(); String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName(); Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs(); Class targetClass = null; String operationName = ""; try { targetClass = Class.forName(className); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } Method[] methods = targetClass.getMethods(); for (Method method : methods) { if (method.getName().equals(methodName)) { Class[] clazzs = method.getParameterTypes(); if (clazzs != null && clazzs.length == args.length&& method.getAnnotation(ArchivesLog.class)!=null) {//这块是取出我们注解ArchiveLog中的值,一遍在日志时明确这个操作的名称 operationName = method.getAnnotation(ArchivesLog.class).operationName(); break; } } } System.out.println("操作名称:" + operationName); System.out.println("方法正常返回的值:" + returnVal); } }
这边我们需要自定义注解:
package com.zy.test.annotation; import java.lang.annotation.Documented; import java.lang.annotation.Retention; import java.lang.annotation.Target; import java.lang.annotation.ElementType; import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy; @Target({ElementType.PARAMETER, ElementType.METHOD}) //注解可以用于参数或者方法上 @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) //保留至运行时 @Documented//被javadoc所记录 public @interface ArchivesLog { /** * 操作类型 @return */ public String operationType() default ""; /** * 操作名称 @return */ public String operationName() default ""; }
然后定义我们的controller类:
package com.zy.test.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject; import com.zy.test.annotation.ArchivesLog; import com.zy.test.service.ExceptionService; @Controller @RequestMapping("/exception") public class ExceptionController { @Autowired private ExceptionService service; @RequestMapping(value = "/test/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET, produces = "application/json;charset=UTF-8" ) @ResponseBody @ArchivesLog(operationType = "测试", operationName = "测试异常或者测试返回") public JSONObject test(@PathVariable Integer id) throws Exception { JSONObject result = new JSONObject(); result.put("zhouyu", "asdasdasdasd"); // try {//去掉注释可以测捕获的异常,不去掉注释可以测日志处理 // service.test(); // } catch (Exception ex) { // throw new Exception("controller 层 异常"); // } return result; } }
service接口:
package com.zy.test.service; public interface ExceptionServiceBase { void test() throws Exception; }
service实现类:
package com.zy.test.service; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service public class ExceptionService implements ExceptionServiceBase{ public void test() throws Exception { boolean flag = true; if(flag) { throw new Exception("service 异常"); } } }
其中工程中的ExceptionConfig是一个配置类,用于扫描包的。但是如果你是用配置文件的化,这个文件就不用了,这边就不说了。
github上可以拉到新代码:代码在这里
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