pygame实现方块动画实例讲解

导入组件

首先导入需要的组件，pygame游戏组件，time是时间组件

import pygame, time, sys
from pygame.locals import *

绘制窗口

这里定义了一个480*600的屏幕，设置了窗口标题，并设置了屏幕的填充颜色为白色

# 屏幕的宽高
WIDTH = 480
HEIGHT = 600

# 颜色的常量
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)

surface = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT), 0, 30)
pygame.display.set_caption("矩形动画")

while True:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()
    surface.fill(WHITE)

    pygame.display.update()

绘制矩形

RED = (255, 0, 0)

# 定义矩形字典变量
rect = {'rect': pygame.Rect(200, 200, 60, 46), 'color': RED}

---
    surface.fill(WHITE)

    pygame.draw.rect(surface,  rect['color'], rect['rect'])
---

让矩形动起来

从运动来看只有中心向四方移动的四种可能。定义四个方向的常量。

# 方向常量
UPLEFT = 'upleft'
UPRIGHT = 'upright'
DOWNLEFT = 'downleft'
DOWNRIGHT = 'downright'

然后定义矩形的移动速度

# 矩形移动的速度
MOVESPEED = 2

给矩形设置一个初始的移动方向

# 定义矩形字典变量
rect = {'rect': pygame.Rect(200, 200, 60, 46), 'color': RED, 'direction': UPLEFT}

根据矩形的移动方向改变对应的起始位置。根据矩形不同的位置改变矩形的起始位置。

    # 如果是上左，则x y 都减少
    if rect['direction'] == UPLEFT:
        rect['rect'].left -= MOVESPEED
        rect['rect'].top -= MOVESPEED

    # 如果是上右，则x 增加 y 减少
    if rect['direction'] == UPRIGHT:
        rect['rect'].left += MOVESPEED
        rect['rect'].top -= MOVESPEED

    # 如果是下左，则x 减少 y 增加
    if rect['direction'] == DOWNLEFT:
        rect['rect'].left -= MOVESPEED
        rect['rect'].top += MOVESPEED

    # 如果是下右，则x y 都增加
    if rect['direction'] == DOWNRIGHT:
        rect['rect'].left += MOVESPEED
        rect['rect'].top += MOVESPEED

不断的改变矩形的位置，要注意防止移出窗口，当触及到边缘，沿来的方向将矩形改变方向即可。

    # 如果上溢出窗口
    if rect['rect'].top <= 0:
        if rect['direction'] == UPLEFT:
            rect['direction'] = DOWNLEFT
        if rect['direction'] == UPRIGHT:
            rect['direction'] = DOWNRIGHT

    # 如果下溢出窗口
    if rect['rect'].bottom >= HEIGHT:
        if rect['direction'] == DOWNRIGHT:
            rect['direction'] = UPRIGHT
        if rect['direction'] == DOWNLEFT:
            rect['direction'] = UPLEFT

    # 如果右溢出窗口
    if rect['rect'].right >= WIDTH:
        if rect['direction'] == DOWNRIGHT:
            rect['direction'] = DOWNLEFT
        if rect['direction'] == UPRIGHT:
            rect['direction'] = UPLEFT

    # 如果右溢出窗口
    if rect['rect'].left <= 0:
        if rect['direction'] == DOWNLEFT:
            rect['direction'] = DOWNRIGHT
        if rect['direction'] == UPLEFT:
            rect['direction'] = UPRIGHT

这样就实现了功能。每次循环让时间暂停一会即可。

这里附上所有代码

import pygame, time, sys
from pygame.locals import *

# 屏幕的宽高
WIDTH = 480
HEIGHT = 600

# 颜色的常量
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
RED = (255, 0, 0)

# 方向常量
UPLEFT = 'upleft'
UPRIGHT = 'upright'
DOWNLEFT = 'downleft'
DOWNRIGHT = 'downright'

# 矩形移动的速度
MOVESPEED = 2

# 定义矩形字典变量
rect = {'rect': pygame.Rect(200, 200, 60, 46), 'color': RED, 'direction': UPLEFT}

surface = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT), 0, 30)
pygame.display.set_caption("矩形动画")

while True:
    print(rect)
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()
    surface.fill(WHITE)

    # 如果是上左，则x y 都减少
    if rect['direction'] == UPLEFT:
        rect['rect'].left -= MOVESPEED
        rect['rect'].top -= MOVESPEED

    # 如果是上右，则x 增加 y 减少
    if rect['direction'] == UPRIGHT:
        rect['rect'].left += MOVESPEED
        rect['rect'].top -= MOVESPEED

    # 如果是下左，则x 减少 y 增加
    if rect['direction'] == DOWNLEFT:
        rect['rect'].left -= MOVESPEED
        rect['rect'].top += MOVESPEED

    # 如果是下右，则x y 都增加
    if rect['direction'] == DOWNRIGHT:
        rect['rect'].left += MOVESPEED
        rect['rect'].top += MOVESPEED

    # 如果上溢出窗口
    if rect['rect'].top <= 0:
        if rect['direction'] == UPLEFT:
            rect['direction'] = DOWNLEFT
        if rect['direction'] == UPRIGHT:
            rect['direction'] = DOWNRIGHT

    # 如果下溢出窗口
    if rect['rect'].bottom >= HEIGHT:
        if rect['direction'] == DOWNRIGHT:
            rect['direction'] = UPRIGHT
        if rect['direction'] == DOWNLEFT:
            rect['direction'] = UPLEFT

    # 如果右溢出窗口
    if rect['rect'].right >= WIDTH:
        if rect['direction'] == DOWNRIGHT:
            rect['direction'] = DOWNLEFT
        if rect['direction'] == UPRIGHT:
            rect['direction'] = UPLEFT

    # 如果右溢出窗口
    if rect['rect'].left <= 0:
        if rect['direction'] == DOWNLEFT:
            rect['direction'] = DOWNRIGHT
        if rect['direction'] == UPLEFT:
            rect['direction'] = UPRIGHT

    pygame.draw.rect(surface,  rect['color'], rect['rect'])

    pygame.display.update()
    time.sleep(0.02)

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