Android实现边录边播功能

Android可以通过MediaRecorder和AudioRecord这两个工具来实现录音，MediaRecorder直接把麦克风的数据存到文件，并且能够直接进行编码(如AMR,MP3等)，而AudioRecord则是读取麦克风的音频流。本文使用AudioRecord读取音频流，使用AudioTrack播放音频流，通过“边读边播放”以及增大音量的方式来实现一个简单的助听器程序。

PS：由于目前的Android模拟器还不支持AudioRecord，因此本程序需要编译之后放到真机运行。

Activity_layout:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/bt_yinpinhuilu_testing_exit"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Close"
        />

</LinearLayout>

MainActivity:

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.media.AudioFormat;
import android.media.AudioManager;
import android.media.AudioRecord;
import android.media.AudioTrack;
import android.media.MediaRecorder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.util.LinkedList;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    private static final String TAG = "ktv";
    /**
     * 按钮
     */
    private Button bt_exit;
    /**
     * AudioRecord 写入缓冲区大小
     */
    protected int m_in_buf_size;
    /**
     * 录制音频对象
     */
    private AudioRecord m_in_rec;
    /**
     * 录入的字节数组
     */
    private byte[] m_in_bytes;
    /**
     * 存放录入字节数组的大小
     */
    private LinkedList<byte[]> m_in_q;
    /**
     * AudioTrack 播放缓冲大小
     */
    private int m_out_buf_size;
    /**
     * 播放音频对象
     */
    private AudioTrack m_out_trk;
    /**
     * 播放的字节数组
     */
    private byte[] m_out_bytes;
    /**
     * 录制音频线程
     */
    private Thread record;
    /**
     * 播放音频线程
     */
    private Thread play;
    /**
     * 让线程停止的标志
     */
    private boolean flag = true;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        this.setTitle("音频回路");

        requestAllPower();
        Log.d("dfdfd", "333333333333");

        init();
        record = new Thread(new recordSound());
        play = new Thread(new playRecord());
        // 启动录制线程
        record.start();
        // 启动播放线程
        play.start();
    }

    private void init() {
        bt_exit = findViewById(R.id.bt_yinpinhuilu_testing_exit);
        Log.i(TAG, "bt_exit====" + bt_exit);

        bt_exit.setOnClickListener(this);

        // AudioRecord 得到录制最小缓冲区的大小
        m_in_buf_size = AudioRecord.getMinBufferSize(8000,
                AudioFormat.CHANNEL_CONFIGURATION_MONO,
                AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT);
        // 实例化播放音频对象
        m_in_rec = new AudioRecord(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC, 8000,
                AudioFormat.CHANNEL_CONFIGURATION_MONO,
                AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT, m_in_buf_size);
        // 实例化一个字节数组，长度为最小缓冲区的长度
        m_in_bytes = new byte[m_in_buf_size];
        // 实例化一个链表，用来存放字节组数
        m_in_q = new LinkedList<byte[]>();

        // AudioTrack 得到播放最小缓冲区的大小
        m_out_buf_size = AudioTrack.getMinBufferSize(8000,
                AudioFormat.CHANNEL_CONFIGURATION_MONO,
                AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT);
        // 实例化播放音频对象
        m_out_trk = new AudioTrack(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC, 8000,
                AudioFormat.CHANNEL_CONFIGURATION_MONO,
                AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT, m_out_buf_size,
                AudioTrack.MODE_STREAM);
        // 实例化一个长度为播放最小缓冲大小的字节数组
        m_out_bytes = new byte[m_out_buf_size];
    }

    public void onClick(View v) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        switch (v.getId()) {

            case R.id.bt_yinpinhuilu_testing_exit:
                flag = false;
                m_in_rec.stop();
                m_in_rec = null;
                m_out_trk.stop();
                m_out_trk = null;
                this.finish();

        }
    }

    /**
     * 录音线程
     */
    class recordSound implements Runnable {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            Log.i(TAG, "........recordSound run()......");
            byte[] bytes_pkg;
            // 开始录音
            m_in_rec.startRecording();

            while (flag) {
                m_in_rec.read(m_in_bytes, 0, m_in_buf_size);
                bytes_pkg = m_in_bytes.clone();
                Log.i(TAG, "........recordSound bytes_pkg==" + bytes_pkg.length);
                if (m_in_q.size() >= 2) {
                    m_in_q.removeFirst();
                }
                m_in_q.add(bytes_pkg);
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * 播放线程
     */
    class playRecord implements Runnable {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            Log.i(TAG, "........playRecord run()......");
            byte[] bytes_pkg = null;
            // 开始播放
            m_out_trk.play();

            while (flag) {
                try {
                    m_out_bytes = m_in_q.getFirst();
                    bytes_pkg = m_out_bytes.clone();
                    m_out_trk.write(bytes_pkg, 0, bytes_pkg.length);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * 录音哦动态权限
     */
    public void requestAllPower() {
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this,
                    Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)) {
            } else {
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO,
                        Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 1);
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);

        if (requestCode == 1) {
            for (int i = 0; i < permissions.length; i++) {
                Toast.makeText(this, "" + "权限" + permissions[i] + "申请成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }
    }
}

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.test.speex">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

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