C#实现几十万级数据导出Excel及Excel各种操作实例

先上导出代码  

  /// <summary>
      /// 导出速度最快
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="list"><列名，数据></param>
      /// <param name="filepath"></param>
      /// <returns></returns>
      public bool NewExport(List<DictionaryEntry> list, string filepath)
      {
        bool bSuccess = true;
        Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application appexcel = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
        System.Reflection.Missing miss = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
        appexcel = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
        Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbookdata = null;
        Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheetdata = null;
        Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range rangedata; 

        workbookdata = appexcel.Workbooks.Add(); 

        //设置对象不可见
        appexcel.Visible = false;
        appexcel.DisplayAlerts = false;
        try
        {
          foreach (var lv in list)
          {
            var keys = lv.Key as List<string>;
            var values = lv.Value as List<IList<object>>;
            worksheetdata = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbookdata.Worksheets.Add(miss, workbookdata.ActiveSheet); 

            for (int i = 0; i < keys.Count-1; i++)
            {
              //给工作表赋名称
              worksheetdata.Name = keys[0];//列名的第一个数据位表名
              worksheetdata.Cells[1, i + 1] = keys[i+1];
            } 

            //因为第一行已经写了表头，所以所有数据都应该从a2开始
            rangedata = worksheetdata.get_Range("a2", miss);
            Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range xlrang = null; 

            //irowcount为实际行数，最大行
            int irowcount = values.Count;
            int iparstedrow = 0, icurrsize = 0; 

            //ieachsize为每次写行的数值，可以自己设置
            int ieachsize = 10000; 

            //icolumnaccount为实际列数，最大列数
            int icolumnaccount = keys.Count-1; 

            //在内存中声明一个ieachsize×icolumnaccount的数组，ieachsize是每次最大存储的行数，icolumnaccount就是存储的实际列数
            object[,] objval = new object[ieachsize, icolumnaccount];
            icurrsize = ieachsize; 

            while (iparstedrow < irowcount)
            {
              if ((irowcount - iparstedrow) < ieachsize)
                icurrsize = irowcount - iparstedrow; 

              //用for循环给数组赋值
              for (int i = 0; i < icurrsize; i++)
              {
                for (int j = 0; j < icolumnaccount; j++)
                {
                  var v = values[i + iparstedrow][j];
                  objval[i, j] = v != null ? v.ToString() : "";
                }
              }
              string X = "A" + ((int)(iparstedrow + 2)).ToString();
              string col = "";
              if (icolumnaccount <= 26)
              {
                col = ((char)('A' + icolumnaccount - 1)).ToString() + ((int)(iparstedrow + icurrsize + 1)).ToString();
              }
              else
              {
                col = ((char)('A' + (icolumnaccount / 26 - 1))).ToString() + ((char)('A' + (icolumnaccount % 26 - 1))).ToString() + ((int)(iparstedrow + icurrsize + 1)).ToString();
              }
              xlrang = worksheetdata.get_Range(X, col);
              xlrang.NumberFormat = "@";
              // 调用range的value2属性，把内存中的值赋给excel
              xlrang.Value2 = objval;
              iparstedrow = iparstedrow + icurrsize;
            }
          }
          ((Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbookdata.Worksheets["Sheet1"]).Delete();
          ((Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbookdata.Worksheets["Sheet2"]).Delete();
          ((Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbookdata.Worksheets["Sheet3"]).Delete();
          //保存工作表
          workbookdata.SaveAs(filepath, miss, miss, miss, miss, miss, Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, miss, miss, miss);
          workbookdata.Close(false, miss, miss);
          appexcel.Workbooks.Close();
          appexcel.Quit(); 

          System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(workbookdata);
          System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(appexcel.Workbooks);
          System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(appexcel);
          GC.Collect();
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
          ErrorMsg = ex.Message;
          bSuccess = false;
        }
        finally
        {
          if (appexcel != null)
          {
            ExcelImportHelper.KillSpecialExcel(appexcel);
          }
        }
        return bSuccess;
      }

range.NumberFormatLocal = "@";   //设置单元格格式为文本   

range = (Range)worksheet.get_Range("A1", "E1");   //获取Excel多个单元格区域：本例做为Excel表头   

range.Merge(0);   //单元格合并动作   

worksheet.Cells[1, 1] = "Excel单元格赋值";   //Excel单元格赋值   

range.Font.Size = 15;   //设置字体大小   

range.Font.Underline=true;   //设置字体是否有下划线   

range.Font.Name="黑体";    设置字体的种类   

range.HorizontalAlignment=XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;   //设置字体在单元格内的对其方式   

range.ColumnWidth=15;   //设置单元格的宽度   

range.Cells.Interior.Color=System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(255,204,153).ToArgb();   //设置单元格的背景色   

range.Borders.LineStyle=1;   //设置单元格边框的粗细   

range.BorderAround(XlLineStyle.xlContinuous,XlBorderWeight.xlThick,XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic,System.Drawing.Color.Black.ToArgb());   //给单元格加边框   

range.Borders.get_Item(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop).LineStyle = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlLineStyle.xlLineStyleNone; //设置单元格上边框为无边框   

range.EntireColumn.AutoFit();   //自动调整列宽   

Range.HorizontalAlignment= xlCenter;   // 文本水平居中方式   

Range.VerticalAlignment= xlCenter   //文本垂直居中方式   

Range.WrapText=true;   //文本自动换行   

Range.Interior.ColorIndex=39;   //填充颜色为淡紫色   

Range.Font.Color=clBlue;   //字体颜色   

xlsApp.DisplayAlerts=false;  //对Excel的操作 不弹出提示信息
ApplicationClass xlsApp = new ApplicationClass(); // 1. 创建Excel应用程序对象的一个实例，相当于我们从开始菜单打开Excel应用程序。
if (xlsApp == null)
{
//对此实例进行验证，如果为null则表示运行此代码的机器可能未安装Excel
}

1. 打开现有的Excel文件

Workbook workbook = xlsApp.Workbooks.Open(excelFilePath, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
Worksheet mySheet = workbook.Sheets[1] as Worksheet; //第一个sheet页
mySheet.Name = "testsheet"; //这里修改sheet名称 

2.复制sheet页

mySheet.Copy(Type.Missing, workbook.Sheets[1]);
//复制mySheet成一个新的sheet页，复制完后的名称是mySheet页名称后加一个(2)，这里就是testsheet(2)，复制完后，Worksheet的数量增加一个

注意 这里Copy方法的两个参数，指是的复制出来新的sheet页是在指定sheet页的前面还是后面，上面的例子就是指复制的sheet页在第一个sheet页的后面。

3.删除sheet页

xlsApp.DisplayAlerts = false; //如果想删除某个sheet页，首先要将此项设为fasle。
(xlsApp.ActiveWorkbook.Sheets[1] as Worksheet).Delete();

4.选中sheet页

代码如下:

(xlsApp.ActiveWorkbook.Sheets[1] as Worksheet).Select(Type.Missing); //选中某个sheet页

5.另存excel文件

workbook.Saved = true;
workbook.SaveCopyAs(filepath); 

6.释放excel资源

workbook.Close(true, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
workbook = null;
xlsApp.Quit();
xlsApp = null;

方法2：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
using System.Data;

namespace ExcelTest
{
  public class ExcelUtil
  {
    System.Data.DataTable table11 = new System.Data.DataTable();

    public void ExportToExcel(System.Data.DataTable table, string saveFileName)
    {

      bool fileSaved = false;

      //ExcelApp xlApp = new ExcelApp();

      Application xlApp = new Application();

      if (xlApp == null)
      {
        return;
      }

      Workbooks workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks;
      Workbook workbook = workbooks.Add(XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);
      Worksheet worksheet = (Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];//取得sheet1

      long rows = table.Rows.Count;

      /*下边注释的两行代码当数据行数超过行时，出现异常：异常来自HRESULT:0x800A03EC。因为：Excel 2003每个sheet只支持最大行数据

      //Range fchR = worksheet.get_Range(worksheet.Cells[1, 1], worksheet.Cells[table.Rows.Count+2, gridview.Columns.View.VisibleColumns.Count+1]);

      //fchR.Value2 = datas;*/

      if (rows > 65535)
      {

        long pageRows = 60000;//定义每页显示的行数,行数必须小于

        int scount = (int)(rows / pageRows);

        if (scount * pageRows < table.Rows.Count)//当总行数不被pageRows整除时，经过四舍五入可能页数不准
        {
          scount = scount + 1;
        }

        for (int sc = 1; sc <= scount; sc++)
        {
          if (sc > 1)
          {

            object missing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;

            worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets.Add(

            missing, missing, missing, missing);//添加一个sheet

          }

          else
          {
            worksheet = (Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[sc];//取得sheet1
          }

          string[,] datas = new string[pageRows + 1, table.Columns.Count+ 1];

for (int i = 0; i < table.Columns.Count; i++) //写入字段
          {
            datas[0, i] = table.Columns[i].Caption;
          }

          Range range = worksheet.get_Range(worksheet.Cells[1, 1], worksheet.Cells[1, table.Columns.Count]);
          range.Interior.ColorIndex = 15;//15代表灰色
          range.Font.Bold = true;
          range.Font.Size = 9;

          int init = int.Parse(((sc - 1) * pageRows).ToString());
          int r = 0;
          int index = 0;
          int result;

          if (pageRows * sc >= table.Rows.Count)
          {
            result = table.Rows.Count;
          }
          else
          {
            result = int.Parse((pageRows * sc).ToString());
          }
          for (r = init; r < result; r++)
          {
            index = index + 1;
            for (int i = 0; i < table.Columns.Count; i++)
            {
              if (table.Columns[i].DataType == typeof(string) || table.Columns[i].DataType == typeof(Decimal) || table.Columns[i].DataType == typeof(DateTime))
              {
                object obj = table.Rows[r][table.Columns[i].ColumnName];
                datas[index, i] = obj == null ? "" : "'" + obj.ToString().Trim();//在obj.ToString()前加单引号是为了防止自动转化格式

              }

            }
          }

          Range fchR = worksheet.get_Range(worksheet.Cells[1, 1], worksheet.Cells[index + 2, table.Columns.Count + 1]);

          fchR.Value2 = datas;
          worksheet.Columns.EntireColumn.AutoFit();//列宽自适应。

          range = worksheet.get_Range(worksheet.Cells[1, 1], worksheet.Cells[index + 1, table.Columns.Count]);

          //15代表灰色

          range.Font.Size = 9;
          range.RowHeight = 14.25;
          range.Borders.LineStyle = 1;
          range.HorizontalAlignment = 1;

        }

      }

      else
      {

        string[,] datas = new string[table.Rows.Count + 2, table.Columns.Count + 1];
        for (int i = 0; i < table.Columns.Count; i++) //写入字段
        {
          datas[0, i] = table.Columns[i].Caption;
        }

        Range range = worksheet.get_Range(worksheet.Cells[1, 1], worksheet.Cells[1, table.Columns.Count]);
        range.Interior.ColorIndex = 15;//15代表灰色
        range.Font.Bold = true;
        range.Font.Size = 9;

        int r = 0;
        for (r = 0; r < table.Rows.Count; r++)
        {
          for (int i = 0; i < table.Columns.Count; i++)
          {
            if (table.Columns[i].DataType == typeof(string) || table.Columns[i].DataType == typeof(Decimal) || table.Columns[i].DataType == typeof(DateTime))
            {
              object obj = table.Rows[r][table.Columns[i].ColumnName];
              datas[r + 1, i] = obj == null ? "" : "'" + obj.ToString().Trim();//在obj.ToString()前加单引号是为了防止自动转化格式

            }

          }

          //System.Windows.Forms.Application.DoEvents();

}

        Range fchR = worksheet.get_Range(worksheet.Cells[1, 1], worksheet.Cells[table.Rows.Count + 2, table.Columns.Count + 1]);

        fchR.Value2 = datas;

        worksheet.Columns.EntireColumn.AutoFit();//列宽自适应。

        range = worksheet.get_Range(worksheet.Cells[1, 1], worksheet.Cells[table.Rows.Count + 1, table.Columns.Count]);

        //15代表灰色

        range.Font.Size = 9;
        range.RowHeight = 14.25;
        range.Borders.LineStyle = 1;
        range.HorizontalAlignment = 1;
      }

      if (saveFileName != "")
      {
        try
        {
          workbook.Saved = true;
          workbook.SaveCopyAs(saveFileName);
          fileSaved = true;

        }

        catch (Exception ex)
        {
          fileSaved = false;
        }

      }

      else
      {

        fileSaved = false;

      }

      xlApp.Quit();

      GC.Collect();//强行销毁 

    }
  }
}

方法3：

先去官网：http://npoi.codeplex.com/下载需要引入dll（可以选择.net2.0或者.net4.0的dll），然后在网站中添加引用。

导出代码：

NPOI.HSSF.UserModel.HSSFWorkbook book = new NPOI.HSSF.UserModel.HSSFWorkbook();
NPOI.SS.UserModel.ISheet sheet = book.CreateSheet("test_01");

// 第一列
NPOI.SS.UserModel.IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(0);
row.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue("第一列第一行");

// 第二列
NPOI.SS.UserModel.IRow row2 = sheet.CreateRow(1);
row2.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue("第二列第一行");

// ...

// 写入到客户端
System.IO.MemoryStream ms = new System.IO.MemoryStream();
book.Write(ms);
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", string.Format("attachment; filename={0}.xls", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmssfff")));
Response.BinaryWrite(ms.ToArray());
book = null;
ms.Close();
ms.Dispose();

导入代码：

HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook;
#region
public DataTable ImportExcelFile(string filePath)
{
  #region//初始化信息
  try
  {
    using (FileStream file = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
    {
      hssfworkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file);
    }
  }
  catch (Exception e)
  {
    throw e;
  }
  #endregion 

  NPOI.SS.UserModel.Sheet sheet = hssfworkbook.GetSheetAt(0);
  System.Collections.IEnumerator rows = sheet.GetRowEnumerator();
  DataTable dt = new DataTable();
  for (int j = 0; j < (sheet.GetRow(0).LastCellNum); j++)
  {
    dt.Columns.Add(Convert.ToChar(((int)'A') + j).ToString());
  }
  while (rows.MoveNext())
  {
    HSSFRow row = (HSSFRow)rows.Current;
    DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
    for (int i = 0; i < row.LastCellNum; i++)
    {
      NPOI.SS.UserModel.Cell cell = row.GetCell(i);
      if (cell == null)
      {
        dr[i] = null;
      }
      else
      {
        dr[i] = cell.ToString();
      }
    }
    dt.Rows.Add(dr);
  }
  return dt;
}
#endregion

用法：

首先建立一个空白的工作簿用作测试，并在其中建立空白工作表，在表中建立空白行，在行中建立单元格，并填入内容：

//建立空白工作簿
IWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
//在工作簿中：建立空白工作表
ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet();
//在工作表中：建立行，参数为行号，从0计
IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(0);
//在行中：建立单元格，参数为列号，从0计
ICell cell = row.CreateCell(0);
//设置单元格内容
cell.SetCellValue("实习鉴定表");

设置单元格样式：设置单元格样式时需要注意，务必创建一个新的样式对象进行设置，否则会将工作表所有单元格的样式一同设置，它们应该共享的是一个样式对象：

ICellStyle style = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
//设置单元格的样式：水平对齐居中
style.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.CENTER;
//新建一个字体样式对象
IFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
//设置字体加粗样式
font.Boldweight = short.MaxValue;
//使用SetFont方法将字体样式添加到单元格样式中
style.SetFont(font);
//将新的样式赋给单元格
cell.CellStyle = style;

设置单元格宽高：

设置单元格的高度实际是设置其所在行高，所以要在单元格所在行上设置行高，行高设置数值好像是像素点的1/20，所以*20以便达到设置效果；

设置单元格的宽度实际上是设置其所在列宽，所以要在单元格所在列上设置（列的设置在工作表上），宽度数值好像是字符的1/256，所以*256以便达到设置效果。

//设置单元格的高度
row.Height = 30 * 20;
//设置单元格的宽度
sheet.SetColumnWidth(0, 30 * 256);

合并单元格：合并单元格实际上是声明一个区域，该区域中的单元格将进行合并，合并后的内容与样式以该区域最左上角的单元格为准。

//设置一个合并单元格区域，使用上下左右定义CellRangeAddress区域
//CellRangeAddress四个参数为：起始行，结束行，起始列，结束列
sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, 10));

 添加公式：使用Cell的CellFormula来设置公式，是一个字符串，公式前不需要加=号。

//通过Cell的CellFormula向单元格中写入公式
//注：直接写公式内容即可，不需要在最前加'='
ICell cell2 = sheet.CreateRow(1).CreateCell(0);
cell2.CellFormula = "HYPERLINK(\"测试图片.jpg\",\"测试图片.jpg\")";

 将工作簿写入文件查看效果：

//将工作簿写入文件
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream("生成效果.xls", FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
{
 workbook.Write(fs);
}

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