java连接Oracle数据库的方法解析

Oracle数据库先创建一个表和添加一些数据

1.先在Oracle数据库中创建一个student表:

create table student
(
 id number(11) not null primary key,
 stu_name varchar(16) not null,
 gender number(11) default null,
 age number(11) default null,
 address varchar(128) default null
);

2.向表中增添一些数据

insert into student values('1','王小军','1','17','北京市和平里七区30号楼7门102')

MyEclipse里编写java代码

1.将ojdbc6.jar导入项目中

先创建一个项目，然后在鼠标移到项目上右键-->new-->folder;folder name:lib;这样就在项目中创建了一个文件夹lib;然后将ojdbc6.jar包导入该文件夹中

该包下载地址链接：http://wd.jb51.net:81//201612/yuanma/ojdbc6_jb51.rar

鼠标移到该包上;右键-->build path-->add to build path;

2.创建一个类,开始编码

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.SQLException;
public class OperateOracle {
 // 定义连接所需的字符串
 // 192.168.0.X是本机地址(要改成自己的IP地址)，1521端口号，XE是精简版Oracle的默认数据库名
 private static String USERNAMR = "orcl";
 private static String PASSWORD = "orcl";
 private static String DRVIER = "oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver";
 private static String URL = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.X:1521:xe";
 // 创建一个数据库连接
 Connection connection = null;
 // 创建预编译语句对象，一般都是用这个而不用Statement
 PreparedStatement pstm = null;
 // 创建一个结果集对象
 ResultSet rs = null;
 /**
 * 向数据库中增加数据
 * 首先获取表内数据总数,总数+1为新增数据的id值
 * @param stuName:学生姓名
 * @param gender:学生性别,1表示男性,2表示女性
 * @param age:学生年龄
 * @param address:学生住址
 */
 public void AddData(String stuName, int gender, int age, String address) {
 connection = getConnection();
 // String sql =
 // "insert into student values('1','王小军','1','17','北京市和平里七区30号楼7门102')";
 String sql = "select count(*) from student where 1 = 1";
 String sqlStr = "insert into student values(?,?,?,?,?)";
 int count = 0;
 try {
 // 计算数据库student表中数据总数
 pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
 rs = pstm.executeQuery();
 while (rs.next()) {
 count = rs.getInt(1) + 1;
 System.out.println(rs.getInt(1));
 }
 // 执行插入数据操作
 pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sqlStr);
 pstm.setInt(1, count);
 pstm.setString(2, stuName);
 pstm.setInt(3, gender);
 pstm.setInt(4, age);
 pstm.setString(5, address);
 pstm.executeUpdate();
 } catch (SQLException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 } finally {
 ReleaseResource();
 }
 }
 /**
 * 向数据库中删除数据
 * @param stuName:根据姓名删除数据
 */
 public void DeleteData(String stuName) {
 connection = getConnection();
 String sqlStr = "delete from student where stu_name=?";
 System.out.println(stuName);
 try {
 // 执行删除数据操作
 pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sqlStr);
 pstm.setString(1, stuName);
 pstm.executeUpdate();
 } catch (SQLException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 } finally {
 ReleaseResource();
 }
 }
 /**
 * 向数据库中修改数据
 * @param stuName:学生姓名,根据此值查询要修改的某行值
 * @param gender
 * @param age
 * @param address
 */
 public void UpdateData(String stuName, int gender, int age, String address) {
 connection = getConnection();
 String sql = "select id from student where 1 = 1 and stu_name = ?";
 String sqlStr = "update student set stu_name=?,gender=?,age=?,address=? where id=?";
 int count = 0;
 try {
 // 计算数据库student表中数据总数
 pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
 pstm.setString(1, stuName);
 rs = pstm.executeQuery();
 while (rs.next()) {
 count = rs.getInt(1);
 System.out.println(rs.getInt(1));
 }
 // 执行插入数据操作
 pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sqlStr);
 pstm.setString(1, stuName);
 pstm.setInt(2, gender);
 pstm.setInt(3, age);
 pstm.setString(4, address);
 pstm.setInt(5, count);
 pstm.executeUpdate();
 } catch (SQLException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 } finally {
 ReleaseResource();
 }
 }
 /**
 * 向数据库中查询数据
 */
 public void SelectData() {
 connection = getConnection();
 String sql = "select * from student where 1 = 1";
 try {
 pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
 rs = pstm.executeQuery();
 while (rs.next()) {
 String id = rs.getString("id");
 String name = rs.getString("stu_name");
 String gender = rs.getString("gender");
 String age = rs.getString("age");
 String address = rs.getString("address");
 System.out.println(id + "\t" + name + "\t" + gender + "\t"
 + age + "\t" + address);
 }
 } catch (SQLException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 } finally {
 ReleaseResource();
 }
 }
 /**
 * 使用ResultSetMetaData计算列数
 */
 public void SelectData2() {
 connection = getConnection();
 String sql = "select * from employees where 1 = 1";
 int count = 0;
 try {
 pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
 rs = pstm.executeQuery();
 while (rs.next()) {
 count++;
 }
 ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
 int cols_len = rsmd.getColumnCount();
 System.out.println("count=" + count + "\tcols_len=" + cols_len);
 } catch (SQLException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 } finally {
 ReleaseResource();
 }
 }
 /**
 * 获取Connection对象
 *
 * @return
 */
 public Connection getConnection() {
 try {
 Class.forName(DRVIER);
 connection = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USERNAMR, PASSWORD);
 System.out.println("成功连接数据库");
 } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
 throw new RuntimeException("class not find !", e);
 } catch (SQLException e) {
 throw new RuntimeException("get connection error!", e);
 }
 return connection;
 }
 /**
 * 释放资源
 */
 public void ReleaseResource() {
 if (rs != null) {
 try {
 rs.close();
 } catch (SQLException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 }
 }
 if (pstm != null) {
 try {
 pstm.close();
 } catch (SQLException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 }
 }
 if (connection != null) {
 try {
 connection.close();
 } catch (SQLException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 }
 }
 }
}

3.创建一个测试类

public class Test {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 /**
 * 增删改查完成,但是有一定局限性
 * 1.增 问题不大
 * 2.删 要给出一个值去删除(可能值不存在-->没有处理机制,值不唯一怎么处理?)
 * 3.改 同删的问题
 * 4.查 问题不大
 */
 //创建OperateOracle对象
 OperateOracle oo=new OperateOracle();
 //测试增加数据操作
 //oo.AddData("孙中山",1,25,"北京市海淀区红旗路111号");
 //测试删除数据操作
 //oo.DeleteData("孙中山");
 //测试更新数据操作
 oo.UpdateData("孙中山",1,30,"北京市东城区岳山路11号");
 //测试查询数据操作
 //oo.SelectData();
 //测试ResultSetMetaData类
 //oo.SelectData2();
 }
}

正如测试类中所注释的,此处只可按照正确的方式去连接Oracle数据库,操作增删改查操作,但是对于一些错误操作的处理机制还不够完善。

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