python使用turtle库绘制时钟
Python函数库众多,而且在不断更新,所以学习这些函数库最有效的方法,就是阅读Python官方文档。同时借助Google和百度。
本文介绍的turtle库对应的官方文档地址
绘制动态钟表的基本思路如下(面向对象的编程):
使用5个turtle对象
1个turtle:绘制外表盘
3个turtle:模拟表针行为
1个turtle:输出表盘上文字
根据实时时间使用ontimer()函数更新表盘画面,显示效果如下:
相关函数的使用在程序中进行了详细的注释,代码如下:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created on Fri Jan 12 10:43:55 2018 @author: Administrator """ from turtle import * from datetime import * def skip(step): penup() forward(step) pendown() def mkhand(name,length): #注册turtle形状,建立表针turtle reset() skip(-length*0.1) begin_poly() forward(length*1.1) end_poly() handform=get_poly() register_shape(name,handform) def init(): global sechand,minhand,hurhand,printer mode("logo") #重置turtle指向北 #建立三个表针turtle并初始化 mkhand("sechand",125) mkhand("minhand",130) mkhand("hurhand",90) sechand=Turtle() sechand.shape("sechand") minhand=Turtle() minhand.shape("minhand") hurhand=Turtle() hurhand.shape("hurhand") for hand in sechand,minhand,hurhand: hand.shapesize(1,1,3) hand.speed(0) #建立输出文字turtle printer = Turtle() printer.hideturtle() printer.penup() def setupclock(radius): #建立表的外框 reset() pensize(7) for i in range(60): skip(radius) if i %5==0: forward(20) skip(-radius-20) else: dot(5) skip(-radius) right(6) def week(t): week=["星期一","星期二","星期三","星期四","星期五","星期六","星期日"] return week[t.weekday()] def date(t): y=t.year m=t.month d=t.day return "%s %d %d" %(y,m,d) def tick(): #绘制表针的动态显示 t=datetime.today() second=t.second+t.microsecond*0.000001 minute=t.minute+second/60.0 hour=t.hour+second/60.0 sechand.setheading(6*second) minhand.setheading(6*minute) hurhand.setheading(30*hour) tracer(False) printer.forward(65) printer.write(week(t),align="center",font=("Courier",14,"bold")) printer.back(130) printer.write(date(t),align="center",font=("Courier",14,"bold")) printer.home() tracer(True) ontimer(tick,100)#100ms后继续调用tick def main(): tracer(False) init() setupclock(160) tracer(True) tick() mainloop() main()
运行结果
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持我们。
赞 (0)