java实现2048小游戏

本文实例为大家分享了java实现2048小游戏的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

一、实现效果

二、实现代码

Check表示格子，GameView实现游戏视图界面及功能，是核心。

Check.java

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;

// 方格类
public class Check {
 public int value;

 Font font1 = new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 46);
 Font font2 = new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 40);
 Font font3 = new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 34);
 Font font4 = new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 28);
 Font font5 = new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 22);

 public Check() {
 value = 0; //value为方格中数字
 }
 //字体颜色
 public Color getForeground() {
 switch (value) {
 case 0:
 return new Color(0xcdc1b4);//0的颜色与背景色一致，相当于没有数字
 case 2:
 case 4:
 return Color.BLACK;
 default:
 return Color.WHITE;
 }
 }

 //字体背景颜色，即方格颜色
 public Color getBackground() {
 switch (value) {
 case 0:
 return new Color(0xcdc1b4);
 case 2:
 return new Color(0xeee4da);
 case 4:
 return new Color(0xede0c8);
 case 8:
 return new Color(0xf2b179);
 case 16:
 return new Color(0xf59563);
 case 32:
 return new Color(0xf67c5f);
 case 64:
 return new Color(0xf65e3b);
 case 128:
 return new Color(0xedcf72);
 case 256:
 return new Color(0xedcc61);
 case 512:
 return new Color(0xedc850);
 case 1024:
 return new Color(0xedc53f);
 case 2048:
 return new Color(0xedc22e);
 case 4096:
 return new Color(0x65da92);
 case 8192:
 return new Color(0x5abc65);
 case 16384:
 return new Color(0x248c51);
 default:
 return new Color(0x248c51);
 }
 }

 public Font getCheckFont() {
 if (value < 10) {
 return font1;
 }
 if (value < 100) {
 return font2;
 }
 if (value < 1000) {
 return font3;
 }
 if (value < 10000) {
 return font4;
 }

 return font5;
 }

}

GameView.java

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

public class GameView{
 private static final int jframeWidth = 405;//窗口宽高
 private static final int jframeHeight = 530;
 private static int score = 0;

 Font topicFont = new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 50);//主题字体
 Font scoreFont = new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 28);//得分字体
 Font explainFont = new Font("宋体", Font.PLAIN,20);//提示字体

 private JFrame jframeMain;
 private JLabel jlblTitle;
 private JLabel jlblScoreName;
 private JLabel jlblScore;
 private JLabel jlblTip;
 private GameBoard gameBoard;

 public GameView() {
 init();
 }

 public void init() {
 //1、创建窗口
 jframeMain = new JFrame("2048小游戏");
 jframeMain.setSize(jframeWidth, jframeHeight);
 jframeMain.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
 jframeMain.setLocationRelativeTo(null);//窗口显示位置居中
 jframeMain.setResizable(false);
 jframeMain.setLayout(null);//设置绝对布局，以便后面可以用setBounds设置位置

 jlblTitle = new JLabel("2048", JLabel.CENTER);
 jlblTitle.setFont(topicFont);
 jlblTitle.setForeground(Color.BLACK);
 jlblTitle.setBounds(50, 0, 150, 60);
 jframeMain.add(jlblTitle);

 //2、框架窗口搭建好，则需向里面开始添加内容
 //设置字体及其颜色、位置
 jlblScoreName = new JLabel("得 分", JLabel.CENTER);
 jlblScoreName.setFont(scoreFont);
 jlblScoreName.setForeground(Color.WHITE);
 jlblScoreName.setOpaque(true);
 jlblScoreName.setBackground(Color.GRAY);
 jlblScoreName.setBounds(250, 0, 120, 30);
 jframeMain.add(jlblScoreName);

 //3、得分区(得分名+分数)
 jlblScore = new JLabel("0", JLabel.CENTER);
 jlblScore.setFont(scoreFont);
 jlblScore.setForeground(Color.WHITE);
 jlblScore.setOpaque(true);
 jlblScore.setBackground(Color.GRAY);
 jlblScore.setBounds(250, 30, 120, 30);
 jframeMain.add(jlblScore);

 //4、提示说明区
 jlblTip = new JLabel("操作: ↑ ↓ ← →, 按esc键重新开始 ",
 JLabel.CENTER);
 jlblTip.setFont(explainFont);
 jlblTip.setForeground(Color.DARK_GRAY);
 jlblTip.setBounds(0, 60, 400, 40);
 jframeMain.add(jlblTip);

 //5、主游戏面板区
 gameBoard = new GameBoard();
 gameBoard.setBounds(0, 100, 400, 400);
 gameBoard.setBackground(Color.GRAY);
 gameBoard.setFocusable(true);//焦点即当前正在操作的组件，也就是移动的数字
 gameBoard.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
 jframeMain.add(gameBoard);
 }

 // 游戏面板
 class GameBoard extends JPanel implements KeyListener {
 private static final int CHECK_GAP = 10;//方格之间的间隙
 private static final int CHECK_SIZE = 85;//方格大小
 private static final int CHECK_ARC = 20;//方格弧度

 private Check[][] checks = new Check[4][4];
 private boolean isadd = true;

 public GameBoard() {
 initGame();
 addKeyListener(this);
 }

 private void initGame() {
 score = 0;
 for (int indexRow = 0; indexRow < 4; indexRow++) {
 for (int indexCol = 0; indexCol < 4; indexCol++) {
  checks[indexRow][indexCol] = new Check();
 }
 }
 // 最开始时生成两个数
 isadd = true;
 createCheck();
 isadd = true;
 createCheck();
 }

 @Override
 public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
 switch (e.getKeyCode()) {
 case KeyEvent.VK_ESCAPE:
  initGame();//重新开始游戏（初始化游戏）
  break;
 case KeyEvent.VK_LEFT:
  moveLeft();
  createCheck();//调用一次方法创建一个方格数字
  judgeGameOver();//创建后判断是否GameOver，若所有格子均满即跳出GameOver
  break;
 case KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT:
  moveRight();
  createCheck();
  judgeGameOver();
  break;
 case KeyEvent.VK_UP:
  moveUp();
  createCheck();
  judgeGameOver();
  break;
 case KeyEvent.VK_DOWN:
  moveDown();
  createCheck();
  judgeGameOver();
  break;
 default:
  break;//按其他键没有反应
 }
 repaint();//刷新，会自动调用paint()方法，重新绘制移动后的图
 }

 private void createCheck() {
 List<Check> list = getEmptyChecks();

 if (!list.isEmpty() && isadd) {
 Random random = new Random();
 int index = random.nextInt(list.size());
 Check check = list.get(index);
 // 2, 4出现概率3:1
 int randomValue = random.nextInt(4);
 check.value = ( randomValue % 3 == 0 || randomValue % 3 == 1) ? 2 : 4;//只有[0,4)中的2才能生成4
 isadd = false;
 }
 }

 // 获取空白方格
 private List<Check> getEmptyChecks() {
 List<Check> checkList = new ArrayList<>();
 for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
  if (checks[i][j].value == 0) {
  checkList.add(checks[i][j]);
  }
 }
 }
 return checkList;
 }
 //是否全部格子占满，全部占满则GameOver
 private boolean judgeGameOver() {
 jlblScore.setText(score + "");

 if (!getEmptyChecks().isEmpty()) {
 return false;
 }

 for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
 for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
  //判断是否存在可合并的方格
  if (checks[i][j].value == checks[i][j + 1].value
  || checks[i][j].value == checks[i + 1][j].value) {
  return false;
  }
 }
 }

 return true;
 }

 private void moveLeft() {
 //找到一个非空格子后checks[i][j].value > 0，可分为三种情况处理
 for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 for (int j = 1, index = 0; j < 4; j++) {
  if (checks[i][j].value > 0) {
  //第一种情况：checks[i][j]（非第1列）与checks[i][index]的数相等，则合并乘以2，且得分增加
  if (checks[i][j].value == checks[i][index].value) {
  score += checks[i][index].value *= 2;
  checks[i][j].value = 0;
  isadd = true;
  } else if (checks[i][index].value == 0) {
  //第二种：若checks[i][index]为空格子，checks[i][j]就直接移到最左边checks[i][index]
  checks[i][index].value = checks[i][j].value;
  checks[i][j].value = 0;
  isadd = true;
  } else if (checks[i][++index].value == 0) {
  //第三种：若checks[i][index]不为空格子，并且数字也不相等，若其旁边为空格子，则移到其旁边
  checks[i][index].value = checks[i][j].value;
  checks[i][j].value = 0;
  isadd = true;
  }
  }
 }
 }
 }

 private void moveRight() {
 for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 for (int j = 2, index = 3; j >= 0; j--) {
  if (checks[i][j].value > 0) {
  if (checks[i][j].value == checks[i][index].value) {
  score += checks[i][index].value *= 2;
  checks[i][j].value = 0;
  isadd = true;
  } else if (checks[i][index].value == 0) {
  checks[i][index].value = checks[i][j].value;
  checks[i][j].value = 0;
  isadd = true;
  } else if (checks[i][--index].value == 0) {
  checks[i][index].value = checks[i][j].value;
  checks[i][j].value = 0;
  isadd = true;
  }
  }
 }
 }
 }

 private void moveUp() {
 for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 for (int j = 1, index = 0; j < 4; j++) {
  if (checks[j][i].value > 0) {
  if (checks[j][i].value == checks[index][i].value) {
  score += checks[index][i].value *= 2;
  checks[j][i].value = 0;
  isadd = true;
  } else if (checks[index][i].value == 0) {
  checks[index][i].value = checks[j][i].value;
  checks[j][i].value = 0;
  isadd = true;
  } else if (checks[++index][i].value == 0){
  checks[index][i].value = checks[j][i].value;
  checks[j][i].value = 0;
  isadd = true;
  }
  }
 }
 }
 }

 private void moveDown() {
 for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 for (int j = 2, index = 3; j >= 0; j--) {
  if (checks[j][i].value > 0) {
  if (checks[j][i].value == checks[index][i].value) {
  score += checks[index][i].value *= 2;
  checks[j][i].value = 0;
  isadd = true;
  } else if (checks[index][i].value == 0) {
  checks[index][i].value = checks[j][i].value;
  checks[j][i].value = 0;
  isadd = true;
  } else if (checks[--index][i].value == 0) {
  checks[index][i].value = checks[j][i].value;
  checks[j][i].value = 0;
  isadd = true;
  }
  }
 }
 }
 }

 @Override
 public void paint(Graphics g) {
 super.paint(g);
 for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
  drawCheck(g, i, j);
 }
 }

 // GameOver
 if (judgeGameOver()) {
 g.setColor(new Color(64, 64, 64, 100));//RGBA最后一个A可以视为透明度
 g.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());//填充矩形（游戏面板），将暗黑色填充上去
 g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
 g.setFont(topicFont);
 FontMetrics fms = getFontMetrics(topicFont);//FontMetrics字体测量，该类是Paint的内部类，通过getFontMetrics()方法可获取字体相关属性
 String value = "Game Over!";
 g.drawString(value, (getWidth()-fms.stringWidth(value)) / 2, getHeight() / 2);//字体居中显示
 }
 }

 // 绘制方格
 // Graphics2D 类是Graphics 子类，拥有强大的二维图形处理能力
 private void drawCheck(Graphics g, int i, int j) {
 Graphics2D gg = (Graphics2D) g;
 //下面两句是抗锯齿模式，计算和优化消除文字锯齿，字体更清晰顺滑
 gg.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
 gg.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_STROKE_CONTROL, RenderingHints.VALUE_STROKE_NORMALIZE);
 //获取方格
 Check check = checks[i][j];
 //不同数字设置背景色
 gg.setColor(check.getBackground());
 // 绘制圆角
 gg.fillRoundRect(CHECK_GAP + (CHECK_GAP + CHECK_SIZE) * j,
  CHECK_GAP + (CHECK_GAP + CHECK_SIZE) * i,
  CHECK_SIZE, CHECK_SIZE, CHECK_ARC, CHECK_ARC);
 //绘制字体及其颜色
 gg.setColor(check.getForeground());
 gg.setFont(check.getCheckFont());

 // 文字测量，并对文字进行绘制
 FontMetrics fms = getFontMetrics(check.getCheckFont());
 String value = String.valueOf(check.value);
 //使用此图形上下文的当前颜色绘制由指定迭代器给定的文本。
 //getAscent()是FontMetrics中的一个方法，
 //getDescent() 为降部
 gg.drawString(value,
  CHECK_GAP + (CHECK_GAP + CHECK_SIZE) * j +
  (CHECK_SIZE - fms.stringWidth(value)) / 2,
  CHECK_GAP + (CHECK_GAP + CHECK_SIZE) * i +
  (CHECK_SIZE - fms.getAscent() - fms.getDescent()) / 2
  + fms.getAscent());//让数字居中显示
 }

 @Override
 public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
 }

 @Override
 public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
 }

 }

 public void showView() {
 jframeMain.setVisible(true);
 }

}

Main.java

public class Main {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 new GameView().showView();
 }
}

三、重难点讲解

3.1 数字移动问题

数字移动是一难点，分三种情况，以moveLeft()为例

（1）按左键，若最左边是相同的，则合并

（2）若左边是空格，则直接移动到最左即可

（3）若最左边不为空格，且不相等，则看它右边是否是空格，是则移动到其旁边

3.2 绘图问题—抗锯齿

java提供的Graphics 2D，它是Graphics 子类

Graphics2D gg = (Graphics2D) g;
gg.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
gg.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_STROKE_CONTROL,RenderingHints.VALUE_STROKE_NORMALIZE);

上面这两个语句实现的功能是消除文字锯齿，字体更清晰顺滑，可以看下图没有setRenderingHint和有setRenderingHint的区别

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持我们。