springsecurity轻松实现角色权限的示例代码

问题：

如何在springboot项目中使用springsecurity去实现角色权限管理呢？本文将尽可能简单的一步步实现对接口的角色权限管理。

项目框架：

sql:

user表：

CREATE TABLE `user` (
 `Id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
 `UserName` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
 `CreatedDT` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
 `Age` int DEFAULT NULL,
 `Gender` int DEFAULT NULL,
 `Password` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
 PRIMARY KEY (`Id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

role表：

CREATE TABLE `role` (
 `Id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
 `UserId` int DEFAULT NULL,
 `Role` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
 `CreatedDT` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
 PRIMARY KEY (`Id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

maven：

在pom.xml中加入

   <dependency>
      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
      <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <!--SpringSecurity依赖配置-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--Hutool Java工具包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
      <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
      <version>4.5.7</version>
    </dependency>

model:

实体类User要实现springsecurity的基本接口UserDetails,UserDetails里继承了Serializable，不用担心序列化

@Data
public class User implements UserDetails {
​
 public User() {
 }
​
 private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; 

 private Integer id;
​
 private String userName;
​
 private Date createdDT;
​
 private Integer age;
​
 private Integer gender;
​
 private String passWord;
​
 private String role;
​
 private List<GrantedAuthority> authorities;
​
 public User(String userName, String passWord, List<GrantedAuthority> authorities) {
 this.userName = userName;
 this.passWord = passWord;
 this.authorities = authorities;
 }
​
 @Override
 public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
 return authorities;
 }
​
 @Override
 public String getPassword() {
 return this.passWord;
 }
​
 @Override
 public String getUsername() {
 return this.userName;
 }
​
 @Override
 public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
 return true;
 }
​
 @Override
 public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
 return true;
 }
​
 @Override
 public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
 return true;
 }
​
 @Override
 public boolean isEnabled() {
 return true;
 }
} 

实体类role:

@Data
public class Role implements Serializable {
 private Integer id;
​
 private String role;
​
 private Date createdDT;
​
 private Integer userId;
} 

mapper:

@Mapper
public interface UserMapper{
 User selectOneByName(User user);
}

service:

public interface UserService{
 User selectOneByName(User user) throws ServiceException;
}

serviceImpl:

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
 @Autowired
 private UserMapper mapper;
​
 @Override
 public User selectOneByName(User user) throws ServiceException {
 return mapper.selectOneByName(user);
 }
}

mapper.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.pzh.hyh.demo.mapper.UserMapper"><!--  mapper相对路径-->
 <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.pzh.hyh.demo.model.User"><!--  model相对路径-->
 <result column="Id" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="id"/>
 <result column="UserName" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="userName"/>
 <result column="CreatedDT" jdbcType="TIMESTAMP" propert="createdDT"/>
 <result column="Age" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="age"/>
 <result column="Gender" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="gender"/>
 <result column="Password" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="passWord"/>
 </resultMap>
​
 <sql id="Base_Column_List">
 Id, UserName, CreatedDT, Age, Gender,Password
 </sql> 

 <select id="selectOneByName" parameterType="com.pzh.hyh.demo.model.User" resultMap="BaseResultMap"><!--  model相对路径-->
 SELECT u.*,r.role FROM `user` u LEFT JOIN role r on u.Id = r.UserId
 where u.UserName = #{userName,jdbcType=VARCHAR}
 </select>
​
</mapper> 

config:

首先实现UserDetailsService类。自定义获取用户信息和角色信息。

@Component
public class CustomUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService {
 @Autowired
 private UserService userService;
​
 @Autowired
 private HttpServletRequest request;
​
 @Override
 public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
 // 通过用户名从数据库获取用户信息
 User user = userService.selectOneByName(new User(){
 {
 setUserName(username);
 }
 });
 if (user == null) {
 throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户不存在");
 }
​
 HttpSession session = request.getSession();
 session.setAttribute(session.getId(),user);
​
 // 得到用户角色
 String role = user.getRole();
​
 // 角色集合
 List<GrantedAuthority> authorities = new ArrayList<>();
 // 角色必须以`ROLE_`开头，数据库中没有，则在这里加
 authorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_" + role));
​
 return new User(
 user.getUsername(),
 user.getPassword(),
 authorities
 );
 }
}

自定义错误提示

@Component
public class MyAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler {
 @Override
 public void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AccessDeniedException accessDeniedException) throws IOException, ServletException {
 response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
 response.setContentType("application/json");
 response.getWriter().println("{'code':'403','message':'没有访问权限'}");
 response.getWriter().flush();
 }
}

终于来到security的配置了

@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
 @Autowired
 private CustomUserDetailsService userDatailService;
​
 @Autowired
 private MyAccessDeniedHandler accessDeniedHandler;
​
 @Bean
 public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
 return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
 }
​
 @Override
 protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
 auth
 .userDetailsService(userDatailService)
 .passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
 }
​
​
 @Override
 protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
 http
 .headers().frameOptions().disable()
 .and()
 .authorizeRequests()
 .antMatchers("不限制访问的路径，如：'/user/*'").permitAll()
 .antMatchers("用户拥有规定角色才允许访问的路径，如：'/user/delte'").hasRole("admin")
 .antMatchers("规定ip才允许访问的路径，如：'/*'").hasIpAddress("192.168.1.1/24");
 .anyRequest().authenticated() // 所有请求都需要验证
 .and()
 // 跳转自定义成功页
 .formLogin().defaultSuccessUrl("/html/index.html")
 .and()
 .exceptionHandling()
 //用户无权限访问链接，给出友好提示
 .accessDeniedHandler(accessDeniedHandler)
 .and()
 .csrf().disable();// post请求要关闭csrf验证,不然访问报错；实际开发中要开启。
 }
}

至此，springsecurity的角色权限管理就完成了，如果想要实现方法级的角色权限限制，可以在方法前加入 @PreAuthorize("hasRole('角色')")注解,多个角色可以使用hasAnyRole(),就可以限制拥有规定角色权限的用户才能访问了。

 @PreAuthorize("hasRole('admin')")
 @RequestMapping(value = "/delete")
 public CommonResult delete(@RequestBody int id) {
   int i = userService.delete(new User() {
   {
    setId(id);
   }
   });
   return i > 0 ? processSuccess("删除成功") : processFailure("删除失败");
 }

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