如何用Python实现简单的Markdown转换器
今天心血来潮,写了一个 Markdown 转换器。
import os, re,webbrowser text = ''' # TextHeader ## Header1 List - 1 - 2 - 3 > **quote** 》 quote2 ## Header2 1. *斜体* 2. [@以茄之名](https://www.jb51.net/people/e4f87c3476a926c1e2ef51b4fcd18fa3) 3、 ![](https://www.jb51.net/v2-8560440c136c746730a63813ed701f52_is.jpg) ## Header3 `*[文章地址](https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/39742445)*` ·**code1**· - [x]是否点赞 '''
程序开头先处理一些行内的语法,比如 code、strong、i 等,用正则直接替换:
text = re.sub(re.compile('([\`·])([^`·]+)[\`·]'), r'<code>\2</code>', text) text = re.sub(re.compile('\*\*([^\*]+)\*\*'), r'<strong>\1</strong>', text) text = re.sub(re.compile('([^\*])\*([^\*]+)\*'), r'\1<i>\2</i>', text)
接着是复杂一点的图片和链接:
text = re.sub(re.compile('([^\!])\[([^\]]+)\]\(([^)]+)\)'), r'\1<a href="\3" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">\2</a>', text) text = re.sub(re.compile('\!\[([^\]]*)\]\(([^)]+)\)'), r'<img src="\2" >', text)
接着就处理其他的语法,先把文本按每一行分开:
lines = text.split('\n') html = '' list_flag = ''
处理列表和待办事项的问题:
for line in lines: line = line.strip(' ') if re.match('- \[[ x]\]', line): print('matched') p_html = '' if re.match('- \[x\]', line): p_html = ' checked="checked"' line = re.sub('- \[[ x]\]', '', line) html += '''<label class="cssCheckbox"> <input type="checkbox" %s /> <span></span>%s </label>''' % (p_html, line)
因为有序列表和无序列表的区别是头尾的ol和ul,所以要用 list_flag 变量来判断
elif re.match('[\+\-\*] ', line): if list_flag == '': html += '<ul>\n' list_flag = 'ul' line = re.sub('[\+\-\*] ', '', line) html += '<li>%s</li>\n' % (line) elif re.match('[\d]+[.、] ', line): if list_flag == '': list_flag = 'ol' html += '<ol>\n' line = re.sub('[\d]+[.、] ', '', line) html += '<li>%s</li>\n' % (line)
处理完后处理其他的语法:
else: if list_flag != '': html += '</%s>\n' % list_flag list_flag = '' if re.match('\#+', line): well = re.match('\#+', line).group().count('#') line = re.sub('\#+', '', line) html += '<h%i>%s</h%i>\n' % (well, line, well) elif re.match('[>》 ]', line): line = re.sub('^\s*[>》 ]', '', line) html += '<blockquote>%s</blockquote>\n' % (line) # elif re.match('[>》 ]', line): # line = re.sub('^\s*[>》 ]', '', line) # html += '<blockquote>%s</blockquote>\n' % (line) else: html += line
这里我稍微修改了一点,让 > 和 》 都可以转换成引用,主要是切换中英文标点太难了。
然后就是添加 CSS,自己改了一点马克飞象的进去,因为他的引用做得很漂亮:
with open('markdown.html', 'w', encoding='utf-8')as f: f.write(''' <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <style>body{ margin: 0 auto; font-family: "ubuntu", "Tahoma", "Microsoft YaHei", arial,sans-serif; color: #444444; line-height: 1; padding: 30px; } input[type='checkbox']+span::before { content:' ';/*不换行空格*/ display: inline-block; vertical-align: 0.2em; width:0.8em; height:0.8em; margin-right: .2em; border-radius:.2em; background: silver;/*复选框的背景色*/ text-indent:0.15em; line-height: 0.65; } input[type='checkbox'] { /*隐藏掉原先实际的 checkbox 框,之所以没用 display:none; 这种简单直接的方式,是因为这种方法会把它从键盘 tab 键切换焦点的队列中完全删除*/ position: absolute; clip:rect(0,0,0,0); } input[type='checkbox']:checked+span::before { content:'\u221a'; /*对号的 Unicode字符*/ background: yellowgreen;/*对号的颜色*/ } img { max-width: 100%; } @media screen and (min-width: 1000px) { body { width: 842px; margin: 10px auto; } } h1, h2, h3, h4 { color: #111111; font-weight: 400; margin-top: 1em; } h1, h2, h3, h4, h5 { font-family: Georgia, Palatino, serif; } h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, dl{ margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0; } p { margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 3px; } h1 { font-size: 48px; line-height: 54px; } h2 { font-size: 36px; line-height: 42px; } h1, h2 { border-bottom: 1px solid #EFEAEA; padding-bottom: 10px; } h3 { font-size: 24px; line-height: 30px; } h4 { font-size: 21px; line-height: 26px; } h5 { font-size: 18px; line-height: 23px; } a { color: #0099ff; margin: 0 2px; padding: 0; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none; } a:hover { text-decoration: none; color: #ff6600; } a:visited { /*color: purple;*/ } ul, ol { padding: 0; padding-left: 18px; margin: 0; } li { line-height: 24px; } p, ul, ol { font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; } ol ol, ul ol { list-style-type: lower-roman; } code, pre { font-family: Consolas, Monaco, Andale Mono, monospace; background-color:#f7f7f7; color: inherit; } code { font-family: Consolas, Monaco, Andale Mono, monospace; margin: 0 2px; } pre { font-family: Consolas, Monaco, Andale Mono, monospace; line-height: 1.7em; overflow: auto; padding: 6px 10px; border-left: 5px solid #6CE26C; } pre > code { font-family: Consolas, Monaco, Andale Mono, monospace; border: 0; display: inline; max-width: initial; padding: 0; margin: 0; overflow: initial; line-height: 1.6em; font-size: .95em; white-space: pre; background: 0 0; } code { color: #666555; } aside { display: block; float: right; width: 390px; } blockquote { border-left-width: 10px; background-color: rgba(102,128,153,0.05); border-top-right-radius: 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px; padding: 15px 20px; } blockquote cite { font-size:14px; line-height:20px; color:#bfbfbf; } blockquote cite:before { content: '\2014 \00A0'; } blockquote p { color: #666; } hr { text-align: left; color: #999; height: 2px; padding: 0; margin: 16px 0; background-color: #e7e7e7; border: 0 none; } dl { padding: 0; } dl dt { padding: 10px 0; margin-top: 16px; font-size: 1em; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; } dl dd { padding: 0 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; } dd { margin-left: 0; } table { *border-collapse: collapse; /* IE7 and lower */ border-spacing: 0; width: 100%; } table { border: solid #ccc 1px; } table thead { background: #f7f7f7; } table thead tr:hover { background: #f7f7f7 } table tr:hover { background: #fbf8e9; -o-transition: all 0.1s ease-in-out; -webkit-transition: all 0.1s ease-in-out; -moz-transition: all 0.1s ease-in-out; -ms-transition: all 0.1s ease-in-out; transition: all 0.1s ease-in-out; } table td, .table th { border-left: 1px solid #ccc; border-top: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 10px; text-align: left; } table th { border-top: none; text-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.5); padding: 5px; border-left: 1px solid #ccc; } table td:first-child, table th:first-child { border-left: none; }</style></head>''') f.write(html) f.write('</html>')
用 Chrome 打开网页:
webbrowser.get('C:/Program Files (x86)/CentBrowser/Application/chrome.exe %s').open( 'file:///'+os.getcwd()+'/markdown.html')
话说这里也是个坑,系统自带的 Edge 一直打开失败,用那个注册器注册 Chrome 也没办法用 ,最后还是在外网找到了解决方案。
最后的效果:
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