C#利用性能计数器监控网络状态

本例是利用C#中的性能计数器（PerformanceCounter）监控网络的状态。并能够直观的展现出来

涉及到的知识点：

PerformanceCounter，表示 Windows NT 性能计数器组件。NextValue() 即获取计数器样本并为其返回计算所得值。PerformanceCounterCategory 表示性能对象，它定义性能计数器的类别。通过这两个即可得到计数器的信息。

Chart 图表，VS自带的Chart图表，大大简化了对图表的开发。关于Chart，此前已有例子说明。

Queue 队列表示对象的先进先出集合。关于Queue此前已有例子说明。

TreeView 显示标记项的分层集合，每个标记项用一个 System.Windows.Forms.TreeNode 来表示。即VS自带的树状菜单

Timer 实现按用户定义的时间间隔引发事件的计时器。此计时器最宜用于 Windows 窗体应用程序中，并且必须在窗口中使用。定时刷新计数器中的值。

效果图如下：

关于可用的计数器列表【计数器有很多，一级菜单是计数器的类别，二级菜单是计数器InstanceName,三级菜单是计数器名称】，如下图所示：

代码如下：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting;
using System.Diagnostics;

namespace DemoSharp
{
  public partial class NetworkMonitor : Form
  {
    private PerformanceCounter mCounter;//当前计数器

    private Queue<double> dataQueue = new Queue<double>(100);//初始化队列

    public NetworkMonitor()
    {
      InitializeComponent();
      InitCounterCategory();
      InitChart();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 初始化计数器信息
    /// </summary>
    private void InitCounterCategory() {
      //获取所有的计数器类别
      var counterCategories = PerformanceCounterCategory.GetCategories().OrderBy(p=>p.CategoryName);
      int i=0;
      foreach (var counterCategory in counterCategories) {
        //属于线程级别的不显示
        if (counterCategory.CategoryName == "Thread") {
          continue;
        }
        //将信息绑定的TreeView上
        this.tvCategory.CheckBoxes = true;
        this.tvCategory.Nodes.Add(counterCategory.CategoryName);
        string[] instanceNames = counterCategory.GetInstanceNames();
        int j = 0;
        foreach (var instanceName in instanceNames) {
          this.tvCategory.Nodes[i].Nodes.Add(instanceName);
          var counters = counterCategory.GetCounters(instanceName).Select(p=>string.Format("{0}",p.CounterName));
          int k = 0;
          foreach (var counter in counters) {
            this.tvCategory.Nodes[i].Nodes[j].Nodes.Add(counter);
            k++;
          }
          j++;
        }
        i++;
      }
      //初始化Counter
      PerformanceCounterCategory pcCategory = new PerformanceCounterCategory("Network Interface");
      string[] iNames = pcCategory.GetInstanceNames();
      PerformanceCounter[] pCounters = pcCategory.GetCounters(iNames[0]);
      //给网络监控计数器赋值
      mCounter = pCounters[0];
      mCounter.NextValue();//初始值
    }

     //<summary>
     //初始化图表
     //</summary>
    private void InitChart()
    {
      //定义图表区域
      this.chart1.ChartAreas.Clear();
      ChartArea chartArea1 = new ChartArea("C1");
      this.chart1.ChartAreas.Add(chartArea1);
      //定义存储和显示点的容器
      this.chart1.Series.Clear();
      Series series1 = new Series("S1");
      series1.ChartArea = "C1";
      this.chart1.Series.Add(series1);
      //设置图表显示样式
      this.chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.ArrowStyle = AxisArrowStyle.SharpTriangle;
      this.chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.Title = "Kkbps";//坐标轴的标题
      this.chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.TextOrientation = TextOrientation.Rotated270;
      this.chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.Minimum = 0;
      this.chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.Maximum = 50;
      this.chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.Interval = 5;
      this.chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Interval = 5;
      this.chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.ArrowStyle = AxisArrowStyle.SharpTriangle;
      this.chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Title = "Sec";
      this.chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.TextOrientation = TextOrientation.Horizontal;
      this.chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.MajorGrid.LineColor = System.Drawing.Color.Silver;
      this.chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.MajorGrid.LineColor = System.Drawing.Color.Silver;
      //设置标题
      this.chart1.Titles.Clear();
      this.chart1.Titles.Add("S01");
      this.chart1.Titles[0].Text = "XXX网络监控显示";
      this.chart1.Titles[0].ForeColor = Color.RoyalBlue;
      this.chart1.Titles[0].Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Microsoft Sans Serif", 12F);
      //设置图表显示样式
      this.chart1.Series[0].Color = Color.LightGreen;
      this.chart1.Series[0].ChartType = SeriesChartType.Area;//图表形状
      this.chart1.Series[0].Points.Clear();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 启动定时器
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sender"></param>
    /// <param name="e"></param>
    private void btnStart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
      this.timer1.Start();

    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 停止定时器
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sender"></param>
    /// <param name="e"></param>
    private void btnStop_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
      this.timer1.Stop();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 定时执行函数
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sender"></param>
    /// <param name="e"></param>
    private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
      UpdateQueueValue();
      this.chart1.Series[0].Points.Clear();
      if (dataQueue.Max() > this.chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.Maximum) {
        this.chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.Maximum = Math.Ceiling(dataQueue.Max() / 10) * 10;
        this.chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.Interval = this.chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.Maximum / 10;
      }
      for (int i = 0; i < dataQueue.Count; i++)
      {
        this.chart1.Series[0].Points.AddXY((i + 1), dataQueue.ElementAt(i));
      }
    }

     //更新队列中的值
    private void UpdateQueueValue()
    {

      if (dataQueue.Count > 100)
      {
        dataQueue.Dequeue();
      }
      //获取的值就Byte/s 所以要除以1024
      dataQueue.Enqueue(mCounter.NextValue() / (1024));

    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 当选中复选框时发生
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sender"></param>
    /// <param name="e"></param>
    private void tvCategory_AfterCheck(object sender, TreeViewEventArgs e)
    {
      bool flag = e.Node.Checked;//取得选中状态，所有子节点的状态保持一致
      CheckedStated(e.Node.Nodes, flag);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 采用递归方法修改节点的选中状态
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="nodes"></param>
    /// <param name="flag"></param>
    private void CheckedStated(TreeNodeCollection nodes,bool flag) {

      if (nodes != null)
      {
        foreach (TreeNode node in nodes)
        {
          node.Checked = flag;
          CheckedStated(node.Nodes, flag);
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

备注：性能计数器类别获取出现异常的解决方案：

在CMD命令窗口中，执行 LODCTR /R 重置性能计数器。如下图所示：

如果依然不行，尝试以管理员身份运行【勾上】，如下图所示：

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