SpringBoot整合RocketMQ实现消息发送和接收的详细步骤
我们使用主流的SpringBoot框架整合RocketMQ来讲解,使用方便快捷;
最终项目结构如下:
具体步骤如下:
第一步:新建SpringBoot项目rocketmq-test
,引入rocketmq依赖,以及项目配置
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.rocketmq</groupId> <artifactId>rocketmq-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.2.0</version> </dependency>
完整pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.5.4</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.java1234</groupId> <artifactId>rocketmq-test</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>rocketmq-test</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.rocketmq</groupId> <artifactId>rocketmq-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.2.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
另外我们项目配置文件需要指定nameserver地址,以及消息生产者和消息消费者组;
所以配置application.yml
:
rocketmq: name-server: 127.0.0.1:9876 producer: group: producer-demo1 consumer: group: consumer-demo1
第二步:新建消息生产者Service类ProducerService
package com.java1234.rocketmq; import org.apache.rocketmq.spring.core.RocketMQTemplate; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /** * 消息生产者 * @author java1234_小锋 * @site www.java1234.com * @company 南通小锋网络科技有限公司 * @create 2021-08-22 22:16 */ @Component("producerService") public class ProducerService { @Autowired private RocketMQTemplate rocketMQTemplate; /** * 发送简单消息 */ public void sendMessage(){ for(int i=0;i<1000;i++){ rocketMQTemplate.convertAndSend("java1234-rocketmq","rocketmq大爷,你好!"+i); } } }
SpringBoot给我们提供了RocketMQTemplate
模板类,我们利用这个类可以以多种形式发送消息;
另外这个类我们要加下@Component
注解,让Spring来管理实例,方便其他地方获取bean来使用;
发送方法指定Topic主题java1234-rocketmq
;
第三步:启动类获取ProducerService
实例,调用发送消息方法
package com.java1234; import com.java1234.rocketmq.ProducerService; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext; @SpringBootApplication public class RocketmqTestApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { ConfigurableApplicationContext run = SpringApplication.run(RocketmqTestApplication.class, args); ProducerService producerService = (ProducerService) run.getBean("producerService"); producerService.sendMessage(); } }
我们获取ProducerService
实例,调用sendMessage
方法发送消息;
第四步:新建消息消费者Service类ConsumerService
,监听消息,消费消息
package com.java1234.rocketmq; import org.apache.rocketmq.spring.annotation.RocketMQMessageListener; import org.apache.rocketmq.spring.core.RocketMQListener; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /** * 消息消费者 * @author java1234_小锋 * @site www.java1234.com * @company 南通小锋网络科技有限公司 * @create 2021-08-22 22:40 */ @RocketMQMessageListener(topic = "java1234-rocketmq",consumerGroup ="${rocketmq.consumer.group}" ) @Component public class ConsumerService implements RocketMQListener<String> { @Override public void onMessage(String s) { System.out.println("收到消息内容:"+s); } }
消费者类要实现RocketMQListener
接口,以及动态指定消息类型String。
类上要加上**@RocketMQMessageListener**注解,指定topic主题java1234-rocketmq
,以及消费者组${rocketmq.consumer.group}
同样这个类上也要加上@Component
注解,让Spring来管理bean实例;
第五步:再次启动,测试消息消费
测试OK,成功消费!
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