手把手教你怎么创建spring项目

创建Spring项目

通过spring.io生成初始代码，配置如下

下载好会得到一个.zip文件，解压导入IDEA就可以开始了，这是基础的项目结构

让我们打开src/main/java/geektime/spring/hello/hellospring/HelloSpringApplication.java，修改成如下代码

package geektime.spring.hello.hellospring;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class HelloSpringApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(HelloSpringApplication.class, args);
	}

	@RequestMapping("/hello")
	public String hello() {
		return "Hello Spring";
	}
}

接着运行我们修改的代码，运行成功后，console会打印如下信息

/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-15.0.1.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/java -javaagent:/Applications/IntelliJ IDEA CE.app/Contents/lib/idea_rt.jar=55568:/Applications/IntelliJ IDEA CE.app/Contents/bin -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath /Users/lidean/Downloads/hello-spring/target/classes:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-actuator/2.5.0/spring-boot-starter-actuator-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter/2.5.0/spring-boot-starter-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot/2.5.0/spring-boot-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-autoconfigure/2.5.0/spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-logging/2.5.0/spring-boot-starter-logging-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-classic/1.2.3/logback-classic-1.2.3.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-core/1.2.3/logback-core-1.2.3.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/apache/logging/log4j/log4j-to-slf4j/2.14.1/log4j-to-slf4j-2.14.1.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/apache/logging/log4j/log4j-api/2.14.1/log4j-api-2.14.1.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/jul-to-slf4j/1.7.30/jul-to-slf4j-1.7.30.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/jakarta/annotation/jakarta.annotation-api/1.3.5/jakarta.annotation-api-1.3.5.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/yaml/snakeyaml/1.28/snakeyaml-1.28.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-actuator-autoconfigure/2.5.0/spring-boot-actuator-autoconfigure-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-actuator/2.5.0/spring-boot-actuator-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/jackson-databind/2.12.3/jackson-databind-2.12.3.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/jackson-annotations/2.12.3/jackson-annotations-2.12.3.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/jackson-core/2.12.3/jackson-core-2.12.3.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/datatype/jackson-datatype-jsr310/2.12.3/jackson-datatype-jsr310-2.12.3.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/io/micrometer/micrometer-core/1.7.0/micrometer-core-1.7.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/hdrhistogram/HdrHistogram/2.1.12/HdrHistogram-2.1.12.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/latencyutils/LatencyUtils/2.0.3/LatencyUtils-2.0.3.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-web/2.5.0/spring-boot-starter-web-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-json/2.5.0/spring-boot-starter-json-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/datatype/jackson-datatype-jdk8/2.12.3/jackson-datatype-jdk8-2.12.3.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/module/jackson-module-parameter-names/2.12.3/jackson-module-parameter-names-2.12.3.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-tomcat/2.5.0/spring-boot-starter-tomcat-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-core/9.0.46/tomcat-embed-core-9.0.46.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-el/9.0.46/tomcat-embed-el-9.0.46.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-websocket/9.0.46/tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.46.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-web/5.3.7/spring-web-5.3.7.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-beans/5.3.7/spring-beans-5.3.7.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-webmvc/5.3.7/spring-webmvc-5.3.7.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-aop/5.3.7/spring-aop-5.3.7.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-context/5.3.7/spring-context-5.3.7.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-expression/5.3.7/spring-expression-5.3.7.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/slf4j-api/1.7.30/slf4j-api-1.7.30.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-core/5.3.7/spring-core-5.3.7.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-jcl/5.3.7/spring-jcl-5.3.7.jar geektime.spring.hello.hellospring.HelloSpringApplication

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::                (v2.5.0)
2021-06-01 23:15:57.484  INFO 81444 --- [           main] g.s.h.h.HelloSpringApplication           : Starting HelloSpringApplication using Java 15.0.1 on MacBook-Pro-9.local with PID 81444 (/Users/lidean/Downloads/hello-spring/target/classes started by lidean in /Users/lidean/Downloads/hello-spring)
2021-06-01 23:15:57.488  INFO 81444 --- [           main] g.s.h.h.HelloSpringApplication           : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2021-06-01 23:15:58.610  INFO 81444 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2021-06-01 23:15:58.626  INFO 81444 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2021-06-01 23:15:58.626  INFO 81444 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.46]
2021-06-01 23:15:58.685  INFO 81444 --- [           main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2021-06-01 23:15:58.685  INFO 81444 --- [           main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1073 ms
2021-06-01 23:15:59.156  INFO 81444 --- [           main] o.s.b.a.e.web.EndpointLinksResolver      : Exposing 1 endpoint(s) beneath base path '/actuator'
2021-06-01 23:15:59.195  INFO 81444 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''
2021-06-01 23:15:59.208  INFO 81444 --- [           main] g.s.h.h.HelloSpringApplication           : Started HelloSpringApplication in 2.658 seconds (JVM running for 3.251)
2021-06-01 23:15:59.254  INFO 81444 --- [           main] o.s.b.a.ApplicationAvailabilityBean      : Application availability state LivenessState changed to CORRECT
2021-06-01 23:15:59.256  INFO 81444 --- [           main] o.s.b.a.ApplicationAvailabilityBean      : Application availability state ReadinessState changed to ACCEPTING_TRAFFIC
2021-06-01 23:22:00.698  INFO 81444 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring DispatcherServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2021-06-01 23:22:00.698  INFO 81444 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2021-06-01 23:22:00.699  INFO 81444 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Completed initialization in 1 ms

从上面输出的信息我们可以知道Tomcat初始化部署在了8080端口，下面我们来访问试试

// 调用我们定义的router
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:8080/hello
Hello Spring%
// 记得我们之前生成项目使用的actuator依赖，用于检查项目是否健康
// 若出现DOWN，我们访问url就会失败
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:8080/actuator/health
{"status":"UP"}%

让Maven替我们打个包

$ mvn clean packeage -Dmaven.test.skip
zsh: command not found: mvn

没命令。。。上链接

若有，可跳过

作者用的是macOs的zsh，需要做下面几步

# 给文件夹权限
$ sudo chown -R root:wheel Downloads/apache-maven*
# 移动
$ mv Downloads/apache-maven* /opt/apache-maven
# 打开zsh配置文件
$ nano ~/.zshrc
# 新增命令，写入~/.zshrc
$ export PATH=$PATH:/opt/apache-maven/bin

搞定后control+X回车搞定~ 重启下终端，检查mvn版本即可

$ zsh
# 检查Maven
$ mvn -version
Apache Maven 3.8.1 (05c21c65bdfed0f71a2f2ada8b84da59348c4c5d)
Maven home: /opt/apache-maven
Java version: 15.0.1, vendor: Oracle Corporation, runtime: /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-15.0.1.jdk/Contents/Home
Default locale: zh_CN_#Hans, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "mac os x", version: "10.15.6", arch: "x86_64", family: "mac"

继续继续，maven打包我们的代码

$ mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] -----------------< geektime.spring.hello:hello-spring >-----------------
[INFO] Building hello-spring 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:3.1.0:clean (default-clean) @ hello-spring ---
[INFO] Deleting /Users/lidean/Downloads/hello-spring/target
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.2.0:resources (default-resources) @ hello-spring ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered properties files.
[INFO] Copying 1 resource
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.1:compile (default-compile) @ hello-spring ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to /Users/lidean/Downloads/hello-spring/target/classes
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.2.0:testResources (default-testResources) @ hello-spring ---
[INFO] Not copying test resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ hello-spring ---
[INFO] Not compiling test sources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ hello-spring ---
[INFO] Tests are skipped.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.0:jar (default-jar) @ hello-spring ---
[INFO] Building jar: /Users/lidean/Downloads/hello-spring/target/hello-spring-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO]
[INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.5.0:repackage (repackage) @ hello-spring ---
[INFO] Replacing main artifact with repackaged archive
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  2.965 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2021-06-02T00:02:00+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

可以看到生成的两个.jar包，一个18M一个却3.0K，因为前者有我们所有的依赖(该.jar包可执行)，后者是原始的包

下面我们可以通过java -jar去执行这个jar包，可以看到也是暴露在8080端口，我们的程序可以作为一个单独的进程运行在里面

到此这篇关于手把手教你怎么写spring项目的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关spring项目内容请搜索我们以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持我们！