Java实现简易计算器(逆波兰表达式)
本文实例为大家分享了Java实现简易计算器的具体代码,供大家参考,具体内容如下
程序的运行环境为Windows10 ,编译环境为IDEA。
计算器有以下功能和要求:能够计算复杂表达式,实现对多位数和负数以及小数的多则复杂计算
已完善功能(Bug):
1,能够计算大数字,小数,负数
2,小数点,运算符等不能连续输入(例如 ..,++,**等)
3,小数点前没有数字时自动补0并在输入框显示“0.”若小数点前是数字,且前面的数字串里含有".",则不能继续输入小数点(“.”---”0.“ ,1.11后面不能继续输入小数点)
4,‘(’左边和‘)’右边输入数字时,有运算符不做操作,无运算符自动补"*",")"后跟"(',在中间加‘*’(例如“7(”--“7*(”,“)7”--“(*7)”,“(1+1)(2+2)”--“(1+1)*(2+2)”)
5,输入的")"不能多于"(",且相邻()之间不能为空(“()”--X,“((1+2)))--X)
6,能计算负数,符号前面没有数字则补0 (-6-1 -- 0-6-1)
7,运算符除"-"号外不能第一个输入,若不是第一次计算,则可以直接输入,将上一个表达式的结果作为此次表达式的第一个运算数
8,查看历史记录,清空当前记录,清空历史记录,退格操作
运行结果如图:
实现过程:
一、计算器界面设计
1. 初始化界面
通过 this 方法设置包括界面的大小,界面的位置(可根据屏幕设置中间位置),按键北面和中间排版及其颜色和大小,采用GridLayout网格布局
通过循环设置按键的位置,并将运算符加粗,并将所有按键和排版串联到界面上
class Main { public static class Calculator extends JFrame implements ActionListener { // 初始化界面 public void init() { this.setTitle("计算器"); history.setEditable(false); history.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.PLAIN, 30)); this.setSize(477, 577); //界面大小 this.setLayout(new BorderLayout()); this.setResizable(false); this.setLocationRelativeTo(null); //界面位置设置居中 this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } //北面的控件 private final JPanel key_north = new JPanel(); private final JTextField input_text = new JTextField(); private final JTextArea history = new JTextArea(); private final JButton c_btn = new JButton("C"); private final JButton ALLc_btn = new JButton("AC"); //中间的控件 private final JPanel center = new JPanel(); //将界面串联 public Calculator() throws HeadlessException { this.init(); this.addNorthCompent(); this.addCenterButton(); } //添加北面控键 public void addNorthCompent() { this.history.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(350, 200)); this.input_text.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(450, 30));//输入框的大小 input_text.setBackground(new Color(127,255,212)); this.key_north.setBackground(new Color(193,255,193)); this.history.setBackground(new Color(193,255,120)); key_north.add(input_text); key_north.add(history); this.c_btn.setForeground(new Color(0,139,139));//按键颜色 this.ALLc_btn.setBackground(new Color(0,205,205)); key_north.add(c_btn); key_north.add(ALLc_btn); c_btn.setBackground(Color.CYAN); c_btn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { //为清除操作设置监听 @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { firstint = ""; input_text.setText(""); } }); ALLc_btn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { input_text.setText(""); firstint = ""; hitory = ""; history.setText(""); } }); this.add(key_north, BorderLayout.NORTH); } //添加中间按键 public void addCenterButton() { String key_text = "H()←123+456-789*0.=/";//中间控件排版 this.center.setLayout(new GridLayout(5, 4)); String regex = "[+\\-*/=H()←]"; for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) { //初始化按键 String temp = key_text.substring(i, i + 1); JButton key = new JButton(); key.setFont(new Font("宋体",Font.BOLD,20)); key.setForeground(new Color(69,139,116)); key.setBackground(new Color(193,255,193)); key.setText(temp); if (temp.matches(regex)) { //将运算符加粗并更改颜色 key.setFont(new Font("粗体", Font.BOLD, 30)); key.setForeground(new Color(102,205,170)); } key.addActionListener(this); center.add(key); } this.add(center, BorderLayout.CENTER); }
2. 计算器功能设计
设置监听
设两个空字符串,一个用来保存表达式,另一个用来保存历史记录
为所有按键设置监听功能,将输入的表达式显示到文本框的右边,并实现计算结果,查看历史记录,清空历史记录,计算器表达式退格功能,判断表达式合法性.
@Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { //监听功能 String strings = e.getActionCommand();//保存记录 //JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this,strings);//监听 if ("0123456789".contains(strings)) { if (Objects.equals(firstint, "")) { //输入新的表达式,清除掉上一个表达式结果 firstint+=strings; this.input_text.setText(strings); this.input_text.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);//显示到右边 }else if(strings.equals("0")){ if (Objects.equals(firstint, "0")) { this.input_text.setText(firstint); }else { int index = 0; for ( int i=firstint.length()-1;i >=0;i-- ) { if(isSymbol(firstint.substring(index))){ index=i; } } if (!firstint.substring(index+1, firstint.length() - 1).equals("0")) { firstint += strings; } this.input_text.setText(firstint); } } else if(firstint.charAt(firstint.length()-1)==')'){ //)后输入数字补*号 firstint+="*"+strings; this.input_text.setText(firstint); }else {this.input_text.setText(input_text.getText() + strings);//将输入的数记录并将之前的数放到前面 this.input_text.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);//显示到右边 firstint += strings; System.out.println(firstint);} } else if (strings.equals(".")) { if (Objects.equals(firstint, "")) { if (!Objects.equals(ans, "")) { firstint = ans + "."; this.input_text.setText(firstint); }else {this.input_text.setText(input_text.getText() + "0" + strings); this.input_text.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT); //自带补0 firstint = "0" + strings;} } else if(firstint.charAt(firstint.length() - 1) == ')'){ //)后输入小数点补0 firstint =firstint+ "*0"+strings; this.input_text.setText(firstint); } else if (firstint.charAt(firstint.length() - 1) == '.') { //不能连续小数点 this.input_text.setText(firstint); this.input_text.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT); } else if (!ToPolland.isNumber(String.valueOf(firstint.charAt(firstint.length() - 1))) && !String.valueOf(firstint.charAt(firstint.length() - 1)).equals(".")) { this.input_text.setText(input_text.getText() + "0" + strings); //前一个既不是数字也不是小数补0 this.input_text.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT); firstint = firstint + "0" + strings; } else if (ToPolland.isNumber(String.valueOf(firstint.charAt(firstint.length() - 1)))) {//如果前面是数字之间输入 int count = 0, i = 0; for (i = firstint.length() - 1; i > 0; i--) { //查找前面的数字串中有没有小数点 if (ToPolland.isSymbol(String.valueOf(firstint.charAt(i)))) { break; }//直到遇到下一个运算符时结束查找 else if (firstint.charAt(i) == '.') { count++; } } if (count == 0) { //判断前面的数字串没有小数点 this.input_text.setText(input_text.getText() + strings); this.input_text.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT); firstint = firstint + strings; } } } else if (strings.matches("[+\\-*/]")) { if (Objects.equals(firstint, "")) { //运算符前必须有运算数 if (!Objects.equals(ans, "")) { firstint += ans+strings; this.input_text.setText(firstint); } if(strings.equals("-")){ //减号第一个输入当做负号 this.input_text.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT); this.input_text.setText("-"); firstint += strings; } //JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "请先输入操作数"); }else if(firstint.charAt(firstint.length()-1)=='.'){ //小数点后不能跟运算符 this.input_text.setText(firstint); } else if (firstint.charAt(firstint.length() - 1)=='('){ //(后只能跟-号运算符 if(strings.equals("-")){ firstint+=strings; this.input_text.setText(firstint); } } else if (ToPolland.isSymbol(String.valueOf(firstint.charAt(firstint.length() - 1)))&&strings!="-") { this.input_text.setText(firstint); } else { this.input_text.setText(input_text.getText() + strings); firstint = firstint + strings; System.out.println(firstint); } } else if (strings.matches("[()]{1}")) { if (strings.equals("(")) { if(Objects.equals(firstint, "") ||firstint.charAt(firstint.length()-1)=='('){ firstint+="("; this.input_text.setText(firstint); this.input_text.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT); }else if(firstint.charAt(firstint.length() - 1) == ')'){ firstint+="*"+strings; this.input_text.setText(firstint); } else if(ToPolland.isNumber(String.valueOf(firstint.charAt(firstint.length()-1)))){ firstint+="*"+strings; this.input_text.setText(firstint); }else if(ToPolland.isSymbol(String.valueOf(firstint.charAt(firstint.length()-1)))){ firstint+=strings;this.input_text.setText(firstint); } System.out.println(firstint); } else if (strings.equals(")") && firstint != "") { if(ToPolland.isSymbol(String.valueOf(firstint.charAt(firstint.length()-1)))){ this.input_text.setText(firstint); }else if (firstint.charAt(firstint.length() - 1) != '(') { int count1 = 0, count2 = 1; for (int i = 0; i < firstint.length(); i++) { //找出()的个数 if (firstint.charAt(i) == '(') { count1++; } if (firstint.charAt(i) == ')') { count2++; } } if (count1 >= count2) { (个数必须大于等于)个数 this.input_text.setText(input_text.getText() + strings); firstint = firstint + strings; System.out.println(firstint); } } } } else if (strings.equals("=")) { //计算结果 try { if(firstint.charAt(firstint.length()-1)=='.'){ firstint=firstint.substring(0,firstint.length()-2); }System.out.println(firstint); StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); List<String> list = toPolland(ToPolland.toList(firstint)); list.forEach(builder::append); System.out.println("算式表达式:" + firstint); System.out.println("转逆波兰表达式:" + builder); System.out.println("转逆波兰表达式计算结果:" + firstint + "=" + ToPolland.calculate(list)); ans = String.valueOf(ToPolland.calculate(list)); this.input_text.setText("" + ToPolland.calculate(list)); hitory += firstint + "=" + ToPolland.calculate(list) + "\n"; firstint = ""; } catch (Exception e1) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "表达式错误"); firstint = ""; this.input_text.setText(""); } } else if (strings.equals("H")) { //查看历史记录 history.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 20)); this.history.setText(hitory); } else if (strings.equals("C")) { //清空当前记录 firstint = ""; this.input_text.setText(""); } else if (strings.equals("AC")) { //清空历史记录 firstint = ""; hitory = ""; this.history.setText(""); this.input_text.setText(""); } else if (strings.equals("←") && firstint.length() != 0) { //退格 firstint = firstint.substring(0, firstint.length() - 1); System.out.println(firstint); this.input_text.setText("" + firstint.substring(0, firstint.length())); } } }
二、表达式求值
1、将中缀表达式转为 list 结构
中缀转后缀表达式时需要先将中缀表达式转为 list 结构,在这个过程中,可以分析表达式的合理性,将表达式进行处理(去掉空格及其他错误的符号),判断表达式的正确性并给予反馈 . 我们处理的时候还需要注意多位数字的处理,可以利用一个字符数组对多位数字和小数进行拼接
//将表达式存入list public static List<String> toList(String strings) { strings = tList(strings); if (strings == null || strings.length() <= 0) { throw new NullPointerException("表达式不能为空!"); } // 去掉不合法的符号 strings = strings.replaceAll("\\s*|\t|\r|\n", ""); List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(); char[] chars = strings.toCharArray(); String ch="",str=""; for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) { // 判断是否是数字 if (!Character.isDigit((chars[i]))) { list.add(String.valueOf(chars[i])); } else { //如果是数字,就判断下一个是不是数字,如果是就进行组合(循环),然后录入list do { ch = String.valueOf(chars[i]); //读取一个字符 str += ch; //进行拼接 i++; //不是最后一个字符,并且下一个还是数字或者小数点,就进行循环 } while ((i < strings.length()) && ((chars[i] <= 57 && chars[i] >= 48) || '.' == chars[i])); list.add(str);//将拼接的字符串录入到list str = "";i--; System.out.println(list);//这里一定要将str置位初值 } } return list; }
需要注意的是当输入的表达式中存在负数时,需要在负号前面补0,或者将负号后面的表达式中的一个计算符取反,否则转为逆波兰表达式后得不到正确的结果。
//表达式中存在负数时,后面的逆波兰表达式算法无法得到正确结果,需要补0 public static String tList(String strings) { String stringBuilder = ""; if(strings.charAt(0)=='-'){//如果第一个字符是‘-',在负号前面补0 stringBuilder+= "0"; } stringBuilder+=strings.charAt(0); //将第一个‘-'号接到0后面 //如果遇到负号,并且负号前面的符号不是数字,在负号前面补0 for (int i = 1; i < strings.length(); i++) { if (strings.charAt(i) == '-' && (isNumber(String.valueOf(strings.charAt(i - 1))) == false)) { stringBuilder += "0" + strings.charAt(i); } else stringBuilder += strings.charAt(i);//没有负号则直接拼接 } return stringBuilder; }
2、逆波兰表达式的转化(单栈法)
采用单栈来和一个队列对表达式进行操作,也可以采用双栈法处理表达式
构造判断数字,计算符以及优先级的方法
实现代码如下:
//转逆波兰表达式 public static List<String> toPolland(List<String> list) { Stack<String> s1 = new Stack(); List<String> s2 = new ArrayList<>(); // 从左至右扫描中缀表达式; for (String item : list) { // 遇到操作数时,将其压s2; if (Pattern.matches("-?[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)?", item)) { s2.add(item); }//遇到操作符时,比较其与栈顶的操作符的优先级 if (isSymbol(item)) { while (s1.size() > 0 && isSymbol(s1.peek()) && priority(item) <= priority(s1.peek())) { s2.add(s1.pop()); } s1.push(item); } if (item.equals("(")) { //右括号直接入栈 s1.push(item); } if (item.equals(")")) { //遇到右括号,将左括号之前的操作符全部出栈 while (!s1.peek().equals("(")) { s2.add(s1.pop()); } // 将左边的括号,弹栈 s1.pop(); } } while (s1.size() > 0) { //将剩余的操作符全部入栈 s2.add(s1.pop()); } return s2; }
判断数字和运算符已经比较运算符优先级:
//判断是否为数字 public static boolean isNumber(String str) { return Pattern.matches("-?[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)?", str); } //是否是运算符 public static boolean isSymbol(String str) { return "+-*/".contains(str); } //返回运算符的优先级 public static int priority(String value) { if ("+-".contains(value)) { return 1; } else if ("*/".contains(value)) { return 2; } else { throw new RuntimeException("暂不支持操作符:" + value); } }
3、逆波兰表达式(后缀表达式)的计算
首先准备一个栈Res_Stack.
1、从左开始向右遍历后缀表达式的元素。
2、如果取到的元素是操作数,直接入栈Res_Stack,如果是运算符,从栈中弹出2个数进行运算,然后把运算结果入栈
3、当遍历完后缀表达式时,计算结果就保存在栈里了。
算法思想:
代码如下:
//逆波兰表达式的计算 public static BigDecimal calculate(List<String> nipollands) { if (nipollands == null || nipollands.size() <= 1) { throw new NullPointerException("逆波兰表达式列表不能为空!"); } Stack<BigDecimal> stack = new Stack(); for (String nipolland : nipollands) { if (isNumber(nipolland)) { //数字直接入栈 stack.push(new BigDecimal(nipolland)); } else { //遇到操作符取出两个数进行对应的计算,并将计算结果入栈 BigDecimal number1 = stack.pop(); BigDecimal number2 = stack.pop(); BigDecimal result; switch (nipolland) { case "+" -> result=number2.add(number1); case "-" -> result=number2.subtract(number1); case "*" -> result=number2.multiply(number1); case "/" -> result=number2.divide(number1, 3,RoundingMode.HALF_UP); default -> throw new RuntimeException("不合法操作符:" + nipolland); } stack.push(result);//遍历字符串后得到的栈顶既为逆波兰表达式计算结果 } } return stack.pop(); }
完整代码:
package com.company; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.math.BigDecimal; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Stack; import java.util.regex.Pattern; import static com.company.ToPolland.toPolland; class Main { public static class Calculator extends JFrame implements ActionListener { // 初始化界面 public void init() { this.setTitle("计算器"); history.setEditable(false); history.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.PLAIN, 30)); this.setSize(477, 577); //界面大小 this.setLayout(new BorderLayout()); this.setResizable(false); this.setLocationRelativeTo(null); //界面位置设置居中 this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } //北面的控件 private final JPanel key_north = new JPanel(); private final JTextField input_text = new JTextField(); private final JTextArea history = new JTextArea(); private final JButton c_btn = new JButton("C"); private final JButton ALLc_btn = new JButton("AC"); //中间的控件 private final JPanel center = new JPanel(); //将界面串联 public Calculator() throws HeadlessException { this.init(); this.addNorthCompent(); this.addCenterButton(); } //添加北面控键 public void addNorthCompent() { this.history.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(350, 200)); this.input_text.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(450, 30));//输入框的大小 input_text.setBackground(new Color(127,255,212)); this.key_north.setBackground(new Color(193,255,193)); this.history.setBackground(new Color(193,255,120)); key_north.add(input_text); key_north.add(history); this.c_btn.setForeground(new Color(0,139,139));//按键颜色 this.ALLc_btn.setBackground(new Color(0,205,205)); key_north.add(c_btn); key_north.add(ALLc_btn); c_btn.setBackground(Color.CYAN); c_btn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { //为清除操作设置监听 @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { firstint = ""; input_text.setText(""); } }); ALLc_btn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { input_text.setText(""); firstint = ""; hitory = ""; history.setText(""); } }); this.add(key_north, BorderLayout.NORTH); } //添加中间按键 public void addCenterButton() { String key_text = "H()←123+456-789*0.=/";//中间控件排版 this.center.setLayout(new GridLayout(5, 4)); String regex = "[+\\-*/=H()←]"; for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) { //初始化按键 String temp = key_text.substring(i, i + 1); JButton key = new JButton(); key.setFont(new Font("宋体",Font.BOLD,20)); key.setForeground(new Color(69,139,116)); key.setBackground(new Color(193,255,193)); key.setText(temp); if (temp.matches(regex)) { //将运算符加粗并更改颜色 key.setFont(new Font("粗体", Font.BOLD, 30)); key.setForeground(new Color(102,205,170)); } key.addActionListener(this); center.add(key); } this.add(center, BorderLayout.CENTER); } private String firstint = "";//保存表达式 static String hitory = "";//保存历史记录 static String ans = ""; @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { //监听功能 String strings = e.getActionCommand();//保存记录 //JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this,strings);//监听 if ("0123456789".contains(strings)) { if (firstint == "") { firstint+=strings; this.input_text.setText(strings); this.input_text.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);//显示到右边 }else if(firstint.charAt(firstint.length()-1)==')'){ firstint+="*"+strings; this.input_text.setText(firstint); }else {this.input_text.setText(input_text.getText() + strings);//将输入的数记录并将之前的数放到前面 this.input_text.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);//显示到右边 firstint += strings; System.out.println(firstint);} } else if (strings.equals(".")) { if (firstint == "") { this.input_text.setText(input_text.getText() + "0" + strings); this.input_text.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT); firstint = "0" + strings; } else if(firstint.charAt(firstint.length() - 1) == ')'){ firstint =firstint+ "*0"+strings; this.input_text.setText(firstint); } else if (firstint.charAt(firstint.length() - 1) == '.') { //不能连续小数点 this.input_text.setText(firstint); this.input_text.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT); } else if (!ToPolland.isNumber(String.valueOf(firstint.charAt(firstint.length() - 1))) && String.valueOf(firstint.charAt(firstint.length() - 1)) != ".") { this.input_text.setText(input_text.getText() + "0" + strings); //前一个既不是数字也不是小数补0 this.input_text.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT); firstint = firstint + "0" + strings; } else if (ToPolland.isNumber(String.valueOf(firstint.charAt(firstint.length() - 1)))) {//如果前面是数字之间输入 int count = 0, i = 0; for (i = firstint.length() - 1; i > 0; i--) { //查找前面的数字串中有没有小数点 if (ToPolland.isSymbol(String.valueOf(firstint.charAt(i)))) { break; }//直到遇到下一个运算符时结束查找 else if (firstint.charAt(i) == '.') { count++; } } if (count == 0) { //判断前面的数字串没有小数点 this.input_text.setText(input_text.getText() + strings); this.input_text.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT); firstint = firstint + strings; } } } else if (strings.matches("[+\\-*/]{1}")) { if (firstint == "") { if (ans != "") { firstint += ans+strings; this.input_text.setText(firstint); } if(strings=="-"){ firstint += strings; this.input_text.setText(input_text.getText()+strings); } //JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "请先输入操作数"); } else if (ToPolland.isSymbol(String.valueOf(firstint.charAt(firstint.length() - 1)))&&strings!="-") { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "表达式错误"); } else { this.input_text.setText(input_text.getText() + strings); firstint = firstint + strings; System.out.println(firstint); } } else if (strings.matches("[()]{1}")) { if (strings.equals("(")) { if(firstint==""){ firstint+="("; this.input_text.setText(firstint); this.input_text.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT); }else if(ToPolland.isNumber(String.valueOf(firstint.charAt(firstint.length()-1)))){ firstint+="*"+strings; this.input_text.setText(firstint); }else if(ToPolland.isSymbol(String.valueOf(firstint.charAt(firstint.length()-1)))){ firstint+=strings;this.input_text.setText(firstint); } System.out.println(firstint); } else if (strings.equals(")") && firstint != "") { if (firstint.charAt(firstint.length() - 1) != '(') { int count1 = 0, count2 = 1; for (int i = 0; i < firstint.length(); i++) { if (firstint.charAt(i) == '(') { count1++; } if (firstint.charAt(i) == ')') { count2++; } } if (count1 >= count2) { this.input_text.setText(input_text.getText() + strings); firstint = firstint + strings; System.out.println(firstint); } } } } else if (strings.equals("=")) { //计算结果 try { System.out.println(firstint); StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); List<String> list = toPolland(ToPolland.toList(firstint)); list.forEach(builder::append); System.out.println("算式表达式:" + firstint); System.out.println("转逆波兰表达式:" + builder); System.out.println("转逆波兰表达式计算结果:" + firstint + "=" + ToPolland.calculate(list)); ans = String.valueOf(ToPolland.calculate(list)); this.input_text.setText("" + ToPolland.calculate(list)); hitory += firstint + "=" + ToPolland.calculate(list) + "\n"; firstint = ""; } catch (Exception e1) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "表达式错误"); firstint = ""; this.input_text.setText(""); } } else if (strings.equals("H")) { //查看历史记录 history.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 20)); this.history.setText(hitory); } else if (strings.equals("C")) { //清空当前记录 firstint = ""; this.input_text.setText(""); } else if (strings.equals("AC")) { //清空历史记录 firstint = ""; hitory = ""; this.history.setText(""); this.input_text.setText(""); } else if (strings.equals("←") && firstint.length() != 0) { //退格 firstint = firstint.substring(0, firstint.length() - 1); System.out.println(firstint); this.input_text.setText("" + firstint.substring(0, firstint.length())); } } } public static void main(String[] args) { Calculator carculator = new Calculator(); carculator.setVisible(true); } public class ToPolland { //表达式中存在负数时,后面的逆波兰表达式算法无法得到正确结果,需要补0 public static String tList(String strings) { String stringBuilder = ""; if(strings.charAt(0)=='-'){//如果第一个字符是‘-',在负号前面补0 stringBuilder+= "0"; } stringBuilder+=strings.charAt(0); //将第一个‘-'号接到0后面 //如果遇到负号,并且负号前面的符号不是数字,在负号前面补0 for (int i = 1; i < strings.length(); i++) { if (strings.charAt(i) == '-' && (!isNumber(String.valueOf(strings.charAt(i - 1))))) { stringBuilder += "0" + strings.charAt(i); } else stringBuilder += strings.charAt(i);//没有负号则直接拼接 } return stringBuilder; } //将表达式存入list public static List<String> toList(String strings) { strings = tList(strings); if (strings == null || strings.length() <= 0) { throw new NullPointerException("表达式不能为空!"); } // 去掉不合法的符号 strings = strings.replaceAll("\\s*|\t|\r|\n", ""); List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(); char[] chars = strings.toCharArray(); String ch="",str=""; for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) { // 判断是否是数字 if (!Character.isDigit((chars[i]))) { list.add(String.valueOf(chars[i])); } else { //如果是数字,就判断下一个是不是数字,如果是就进行组合(循环),然后录入list do { ch = String.valueOf(chars[i]); //读取一个字符 str += ch; //进行拼接 i++; //不是最后一个字符,并且下一个还是数字或者小数点,就进行循环 } while ((i < strings.length()) && ((chars[i] <= 57 && chars[i] >= 48) || '.' == chars[i])); list.add(str);//将拼接的字符串录入到list str = "";i--; System.out.println(list);//这里一定要将str置位初值 } } return list; } //转逆波兰表达式 public static List<String> toPolland(List<String> list) { Stack<String> s1 = new Stack(); List<String> s2 = new ArrayList<>(); // 从左至右扫描中缀表达式; for (String item : list) { // 遇到操作数时,将其压s2; if (Pattern.matches("-?[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)?", item)) { s2.add(item); }//遇到操作符时,比较其与栈顶的操作符的优先级 if (isSymbol(item)) { while (s1.size() > 0 && isSymbol(s1.peek()) && priority(item) <= priority(s1.peek())) { s2.add(s1.pop()); } s1.push(item); } if (item.equals("(")) { //右括号直接入栈 s1.push(item); } if (item.equals(")")) { //遇到右括号,将左括号之前的操作符全部出栈 while (!s1.peek().equals("(")) { s2.add(s1.pop()); } s1.pop();// 将左边的括号,弹栈 } } while (s1.size() > 0) { //将剩余的操作符全部入栈 s2.add(s1.pop()); } return s2; } //逆波兰表达式的计算 public static BigDecimal calculate(List<String> nipollands) { if (nipollands == null || nipollands.size() <= 1) { throw new NullPointerException("逆波兰表达式列表不能为空!"); } Stack<BigDecimal> stack = new Stack(); for (String nipolland : nipollands) { if (isNumber(nipolland)) { //数字直接入栈 stack.push(new BigDecimal(nipolland)); } else { //遇到操作符取出两个数进行对应的计算,并将计算结果入栈 BigDecimal number1 = stack.pop(); BigDecimal number2 = stack.pop(); BigDecimal result; switch (nipolland) { case "+" -> result=number2.add(number1); case "-" -> result=number2.subtract(number1); case "*" -> result=number2.multiply(number1); case "/" -> result=number2.divide(number1, 3,RoundingMode.HALF_UP); default -> throw new RuntimeException("不合法操作符:" + nipolland); } stack.push(result);//遍历字符串后得到的栈顶既为逆波兰表达式计算结果 } } return stack.pop(); } //判断是否为数字 public static boolean isNumber(String str) { return Pattern.matches("-?[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)?", str); } //是否是运算符 public static boolean isSymbol(String str) { return "+-*/".contains(str); } //返回运算符的优先级 public static int priority(String value) { if ("+-".contains(value)) { return 1; } else if ("*/".contains(value)) { return 2; } else { throw new RuntimeException("暂不支持操作符:" + value); } } }
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