用Python实现定时备份Mongodb数据并上传到FTP服务器

实现的功能：在win7下，每天晚上1点，自动将 F:/data中所有文件进行压缩，以[mongodb+日期]命名，将压缩好的文件存储在本地目录 F:\MongoDbData\，然后将这个压缩好的文件上传到ftp://192.168.0.101/MongoDBup/目录下

分三步：

第一步：搭建FTP服务器，配置好FTP环境。 第二步：用python编写压缩文件并实现FTP上传的脚本第三步：使用win7自带的任务计划程序定时执行python脚本

1. 环境

Python：3.6.1Python IDE：pycharm系统：win7

2. 搭建FTP服务器，配置好FTP环境

2.1. 启用FTP和IIS服务器

注意：要全部展开，勾选上。

2.2. 添加FTP服务器

2.3. 设置参数

2.4. 设置成功，访问

3. 用python编写压缩文件并实现FTP上传的脚本

3.1. Import包：

# python3.6.1
import zipfile
import os
import datetime
from ftplib import FTP

3.2. 定义配置信息：

# 定义配置信息
srcFolder = r"F:\Data"       # 被压缩的源数据，文件夹形式
desFolder = r'F:\MongoDbData\\'   # 压缩好的数据临时存放的位置
ftp_url = "192.168.0.101"      # FTP服务器地址
ftp_port = 21            # FTP服务端口号
ftpUploadFolder = "MongoDBup"    # 压缩数据在FTP服务器上存放的位置

3.3. 压缩数据源（文件夹）：

# 压缩文件夹
def zipFolder(srcFolder, desFolder, date):
  '''
  :param srcFolder: 被压缩的源数据位置
  :param desFolder: 压缩之后文件的存放路径
  :param date: 执行压缩的当前时间，datetime产生(ext:2017-08-16 14:56:40.872613)
  :return: 压缩文件的路径
  '''
  startTime = datetime.datetime.now()
  print(f"Enter func zipFolder, time:{startTime}")
  desName = f"{desFolder}mongodb{date.year}{date.month}{date.day}.zip"

  # 检查是否已经压缩过了
  if os.path.exists(desName):
    endTime = datetime.datetime.now()
    print(f"Already exsist, leave func zipFolder, time:{endTime}, usedTime:{endTime-startTime}")
    return desName

  z = zipfile.ZipFile(desName, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
  for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(srcFolder):
    print(f"dirpath:{dirpath}, dirnames:{dirnames}, filenames:{filenames}")
    for filename in filenames:
      try:
        # Mongodb在运行时，有几个关于lock的文件无法压缩，为了避免程序终止，忽略这几个文件
        z.write(os.path.join(dirpath, filename))
      except Exception as e:
        print(f"except: {e}, cannot zip file: {dirpath}{filename}")
  z.close()
  endTime = datetime.datetime.now()
  print(f"zip done, leave func zipFolder, time:{endTime}, usedTime:{endTime-startTime}")
  return desName

3.4. 文件上传到FTP服务器上：

# 上传文件至FTP服务器
def ftpUpload(filename, folder, ftp_url, ftp_port):
  '''
  :param filename: 待上传文件路径
  :param folder: 文件上传至FTP服务器上的存储目录
  :param ftp_url: FTP服务器IP
  :param ftp_port: 端口号,默认为21
  :return: status code
  '''
  startTime = datetime.datetime.now()
  print(f"Enter func ftpUpload, time:{startTime}")
  ftp = FTP()
  ftp.set_debuglevel(2)          # set debug level, detail info:2, close:0
  ftp.connect(ftp_url, ftp_port)
  ftp.login('', '')            # 登录,如果匿名登录则用空串代替
  print(ftp.getwelcome())         # ext: *welcome* '220 Microsoft FTP Service'
  ftp.cwd(folder)             # Change to a directory on FTP server
  bufsize = 1024             # 设置缓冲块大小
  file_handler = open(filename, 'rb')   # 读模式在本地打开文件
  res = -1
  try:
    # 为了避免程序终止，忽略可能出现的错误
    res = ftp.storbinary(f"STOR {os.path.basename(filename)}", file_handler, bufsize) # upload file
  except Exception as e:
    print(f"except: {e}, cannot upload file: {ftp_url}:{ftp_port} {filename}")
  finally:
    ftp.set_debuglevel(0)          # 关闭debug信息
    file_handler.close()
    ftp.quit()
  endTime = datetime.datetime.now()
  print(f"Upload done, leave func ftpUpload, time:{endTime}, usedTime:{endTime-startTime}")
  return res

3.5. 主程序：

# main
backupTime = datetime.datetime.now()
zip_des_name = zipFolder(srcFolder, desFolder, backupTime)
print(zip_des_name)
ftp_res = ftpUpload(zip_des_name, ftpUploadFolder, ftp_url, ftp_port)
print(f"ftp_res: {ftp_res}")

4. 使用win7自带的任务计划程序定时执行python脚本

位置：开始 ——> 附件 ——> 系统工具 ——> 任务计划程序

不需要时，右键——>删除任务 即可

5. 效果

5.1. 本地生成的压缩文件

5.2. 上传至FTP服务器的压缩文件

5.3. 详细信息-性能-时间

日志信息：

源文件data总共8.7G，压缩后5.3G，压缩时间20m，局域网内上传时间18m。

E:\Miniconda\python.exe E:/PyCharmCode/Justtest/bak.py
Enter func zipFolder, time:2017-08-16 19:48:39.331200
dirpath:F:\Data, dirnames:['diagnostic.data', 'journal'], filenames:['collection-0--394122179086539486.wt', 'collection-102--394122179086539486.wt', 'collection-104--394122179086539486.wt', 'collection-106--394122179086539486.wt', 'collection-108--394122179086539486.wt'], '_mdb_catalog.wt']
except: [Errno 13] Permission denied: 'F:\\Data\\mongod.lock', cannot zip file: F:\Datamongod.lock
except: [Errno 13] Permission denied, cannot zip file: F:\DataWiredTiger.lock
dirpath:F:\Data\diagnostic.data, dirnames:[], filenames:['metrics.2017-08-04T07-04-29Z-00000', 'metrics.2017-08-05T10-47-22Z-00000', 'metrics.2017-08-06T14-52-22Z-00000', 'metrics.2017-08-07T18-17-22Z-00000', 'metrics.2017-08-15T06-09-26Z-00000', 'metrics.2017-08-16T09-51-29Z-00000']
dirpath:F:\Data\journal, dirnames:[], filenames:['WiredTigerLog.0000000247', 'WiredTigerPreplog.0000000006', 'WiredTigerPreplog.0000000007', 'WiredTigerPreplog.0000000008']
zip done, leave func zipFolder, time:2017-08-16 20:08:22.728200, usedTime:0:19:43.397000
F:\MongoDbData\\mongodb2017816.zip
Enter func ftpUpload, time:2017-08-16 20:08:22.728200
*get* '220 Microsoft FTP Service\n'
*resp* '220 Microsoft FTP Service'
*cmd* 'USER anonymous'
*put* 'USER anonymous\r\n'
*get* '331 Anonymous access allowed, send identity (e-mail name) as password.\n'
*resp* '331 Anonymous access allowed, send identity (e-mail name) as password.'
*cmd* 'PASS **********'
*put* 'PASS **********\r\n'
*get* '230 User logged in.\n'
*resp* '230 User logged in.'
*welcome* '220 Microsoft FTP Service'
220 Microsoft FTP Service
*cmd* 'CWD MongoDBup'
*put* 'CWD MongoDBup\r\n'
*get* '250 CWD command successful.\n'
*resp* '250 CWD command successful.'
*cmd* 'TYPE I'
*put* 'TYPE I\r\n'
*get* '200 Type set to I.\n'
*resp* '200 Type set to I.'
*cmd* 'PASV'
*put* 'PASV\r\n'
*get* '227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,0,101,11,221).\n'
*resp* '227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,0,101,11,221).'
*cmd* 'STOR mongodb2017816.zip'
*put* 'STOR mongodb2017816.zip\r\n'
*get* '125 Data connection already open; Transfer starting.\n'
*resp* '125 Data connection already open; Transfer starting.'
*get* '226 Transfer complete.\n'
*resp* '226 Transfer complete.'
Upload done, leave func ftpUpload, time:2017-08-16 20:26:20.125200, usedTime:0:17:57.397000
ftp_res: 226 Transfer complete.

6. 注意事项

6.1. FTP服务器IP地址变更处理

6.1.1. 第一步，修改FTP服务器站点配置。

6.1.2. 第二步，修改代码中FTP登录IP

ftp.connect("172.16.7.107", 21)

6.1.3. 出错信息 如果只是单纯按照6.1.2 修改登录IP，没有修改FTP服务器站点设置的话，将会出现如下莫名其妙的错误：

enter ftpUpload
*get* ''
Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "AutoBackupMongoTest.py", line 64, in <module>
  ftp_res = ftpUpload(zip_des_name, ftpUploadFolder)
 File "AutoBackupMongoTest.py", line 42, in ftpUpload
  ftp.connect('172.16.7.107', 21)
 File "E:\Miniconda\lib\ftplib.py", line 155, in connect
  self.welcome = self.getresp()
 File "E:\Miniconda\lib\ftplib.py", line 234, in getresp
  resp = self.getmultiline()
 File "E:\Miniconda\lib\ftplib.py", line 220, in getmultiline
  line = self.getline()
 File "E:\Miniconda\lib\ftplib.py", line 208, in getline
  raise EOFError
EOFError

或者是如下错误：

enter ftpUpload
Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "AutoBackupMongoTest.py", line 63, in <module>
  ftp_res = ftpUpload(zip_des_name, ftpUploadFolder)
 File "AutoBackupMongoTest.py", line 41, in ftpUpload
  ftp.connect("192.168.0.101", 21)
 File "E:\Miniconda\lib\ftplib.py", line 152, in connect
  source_address=self.source_address)
 File "E:\Miniconda\lib\socket.py", line 722, in create_connection
  raise err
 File "E:\Miniconda\lib\socket.py", line 713, in create_connection
  sock.connect(sa)
TimeoutError: [WinError 10060] 由于连接方在一段时间后没有正确答复或连接的主机没
有反应，连接尝试失败。

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