python 链接sqlserver 写接口实例

我是使用pymssql完成的sqlserver，首先下载符合版本的pymssql的whl，然后安装，在pycharm的default setting->project Interpreter中确定项目的Interpreter有pymssql，然后就开始了~

` # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import hashlib
import hmac
import json
import pymssql
from requests import Response
from rest_framework import status, generics
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpRequest
@api_view(['GET', 'POST'])
def userlogin(req,format=None):
  ms = MSSQL(host="你的IP地址", user="你的数据库账号", pwd="你的数据库密码", db="你的数据库名")
  if req.method == 'GET':
    username = req.GET['username']
    password = req.GET['password']
  elif req.method == 'POST':
    username= req.POST['username']
    password = req.POST['password']
  newsql = "select * from System_Users where Mobile = '"+username+"'"
  print(newsql)
  reslist = ms.ExecQuery(newsql.encode('utf-8'))
  # //验证password加密后==LoginPwd
  print(password)
  print(reslist[0].get("LoginKey"))
  if Encrypt(password,reslist[0].get("LoginKey"))==reslist[0].get("LoginKey"):
    reslist =json_success(reslist)
  else:
    reslist =json_error(reslist)
  # meizis = System_Users.objects.all()
  # serializer = MeiziSerializer(reslist, many=True)
  # return Response(serializer.data)
  return HttpResponse(json.dumps(reslist, default=lambda obj: obj.__dict__), content_type='application/json')
  # return reslist

def Encrypt(password="",salt = ""):
  clearBytes=[]
  hasheByte=[]
  # # encoding = unicode
  # clearBytes= bytes(salt.lower().strip()+password.strip(),encoding='Unicode')
  # salt = crypt.mksalt(crypt.METHOD_SHA512)
  # 然后再进行数据加密:
  # hasheByte = crypt.crypt("helloworld", salt)
  # hasheByte =crypt.crypt(clearBytes, salt)
  # password = hmac.new(key=clearBytes, msg=password)
  # 待加密信息
  str =salt.lower().strip()+password.strip()
  # 创建md5对象
  hl = hashlib.md5()
  # Tips
  # 此处必须声明encode
  # 若写法为hl.update(str) 报错为： Unicode-objects must be encoded before hashing
  print('MD5加密前为 ：' + str)
  hl.update(str.encode(encoding='utf-16'))
  print('MD5加密后为 ：' + hl.hexdigest())
  hl.update(str.encode(encoding='UTF-8'))
  print('MD5加密后为 ：' + hl.hexdigest())
  hl.update(str.encode(encoding='GBK'))
  print('MD5加密后为 ：' + hl.hexdigest())
  hl.update(str.encode(encoding='GB2312'))
  print('MD5加密后为 ：' + hl.hexdigest())
  print(password)
  return password

def json_success(data, code=200, foreign_penetrate=False, **kwargs):
   data = {
     "status": code,
     "msg": "成功",
     "data": data,
   }
   print(data)
   return data

def json_error(error_string="失败", code=500, **kwargs):
   data = {
      "status": code,
      "msg": error_string,
      "data": {}
    }
   data.update(kwargs)
   return data

class MSSQL:
  def __init__(self, host, user, pwd, db):
    self.host = host
    self.user = user
    self.pwd = pwd
    self.db = db
def __GetConnect(self):
  if not self.db:
    raise (NameError, "没有设置数据库信息")
  self.conn = pymssql.connect(host=self.host, user=self.user, password=self.pwd, database=self.db, charset="GBK")
  cur = self.conn.cursor()
  if not cur:
    raise (NameError, "连接数据库失败")
  else:
    return cur

def ExecQuery(self, sql):
  cur = self.__GetConnect()
  cur.execute(sql)
  resList = cur.fetchall()
  col_names = [desc[0] for desc in cur.description]

  result = []
  for row in resList:
    objDict = {}
    # 把每一行的数据遍历出来放到Dict中
    for index, value in enumerate(row):
      index, col_names[index], value
      objDict[col_names[index]] = value
    result.append(objDict)

  # 查询完毕后必须关闭连接
  self.conn.close()
  return result

def ExecNonQuery(self, sql):
  cur = self.__GetConnect()
  cur.execute(sql)
  self.conn.commit()
  self.conn.close()

然后设置好url就ok了，这是在Django框架下，fask框架下链接数据库模块依然可以使用

补充知识：使用pycharm连接数据库---Sqlalchemy

初识sqlalchemy

from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy import Column,String,INTEGER
#1.创建引擎
eng = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root:admin@localhost/homework?charset=utf8")
print(eng)
#2.创建基类
Base = declarative_base()
#3.创建类（模型）
class Student(Base):
__tablename__="student1"#指定表格名称
id = Column(INTEGER,primary_key=True,autoincrement=True)
name = Column(String(32),nullable=False)#非空约束
email = Column(String(32),unique=True)#唯一约束

#4.创建表格
Base.metadata.create_all(eng)
#5删除表格
Base.metadata.drop_all(eng)

创建出来的student1表

使用Sqlalchemy四部曲：

1、使用create_engine()#连接数据库

2、Base = declarative_base()# 生成orm基类，用于创建classes

3、Base.metadata.create_all(engine) #关联engine使用metadata创建数据库表

4、使用 session = Session(engine) #创建一个会话，便于后面对数据库进行实际操作

from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy import Column,String,INTEGER
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
#1.创建引擎
eng = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root:admin@localhost/homework?charset=utf8")
#2.创建基类
Base = declarative_base()
#3.创建类（模型）
class Student(Base):
  __tablename__ = "student2"
  id = Column(INTEGER,primary_key=True,autoincrement=True)
  name = Column(String(32), nullable=False) # 非空约束
  email = Column(String(32), unique=True) # 唯一约束
#4.创建表格
Base.metadata.create_all(eng)
#5.创建session
Session = sessionmaker(bind=eng)
session = Session()#创建session对象，相当于pymysql中的conn
#增加记录
# student = Student(name='刘备',email='120@qq.com')#创建student的对象
# session.add(student)#添加记录

# #批量增加
# session.add_all(
#   [
# Student(name='张飞',email='110@qq.com'),
# Student(name='悟空',email='111@qq.com'),
# Student(name='宫本',email='112@qq.com'),
# Student(name='赵云',email='113@qq.com'),
#   ]
# )

#查询操作
#first方法查询出第一条记录
# ret = session.query(Student).first()
# print(ret.id,ret.name,ret.email)
# #get方法查询指定记录
# student = session.query(Student).get(ident=2)#使用唯一标识ident不写也行查询第几条记录
# print(student.id,student.name,student.email)
#
# student = session.query(Student).filter(Student.id>2)#filter过滤相当于条件
# for stu in student:#这里的student是个对象，所以需要把他遍历出来显示查询出来的数据
#   print(stu.id,stu.name,stu.email)

# #删除操作
# # student = session.query(Student).filter(Student.id<2).delete()
# # #方式一此方法可删除多个主要是因为filter，他是条件吗满足他的都可以被删除
# student1 = session.query(Student).get(2)
# session.delete(student1)#方式二

# #修改操作
#单条修改
# student3 =session.query(Student).first()
# student3.name='百度'
# student3.email='www.baidu.com'
#指定条件修改
student4 =session.query(Student).filter(Student.id ==3).update({Student.name:'王炸',Student.email:'666@qq.com'})
session.commit()#提交事务
session.close()

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