C++实现LeetCode(75.颜色排序)

[LeetCode] 75. Sort Colors 颜色排序

Given an array with n objects colored red, white or blue, sort them in-place so that objects of the same color are adjacent, with the colors in the order red, white and blue.

Here, we will use the integers 0, 1, and 2 to represent the color red, white, and blue respectively.

Note: You are not suppose to use the library's sort function for this problem.

Example:

Input: [2,0,2,1,1,0]
Output: [0,0,1,1,2,2]

Follow up:

  • A rather straight forward solution is a two-pass algorithm using counting sort.
    First, iterate the array counting number of 0's, 1's, and 2's, then overwrite array with total number of 0's, then 1's and followed by 2's.
  • Could you come up with a one-pass algorithm using only constant space?

这道题的本质还是一道排序的题,题目中给出提示说可以用计数排序,需要遍历数组两遍,那么先来看这种方法,因为数组中只有三个不同的元素,所以实现起来很容易。

- 首先遍历一遍原数组,分别记录 0,1,2 的个数。
- 然后更新原数组,按个数分别赋上 0,1,2。

解法一:

class Solution {
public:
    void sortColors(vector<int>& nums) {
        vector<int> colors(3);
        for (int num : nums) ++colors[num];
        for (int i = 0, cur = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j < colors[i]; ++j) {
                nums[cur++] = i;
            }
        }
    }
};

题目中还要让只遍历一次数组来求解,那么就需要用双指针来做,分别从原数组的首尾往中心移动。

- 定义 red 指针指向开头位置,blue 指针指向末尾位置。

- 从头开始遍历原数组,如果遇到0,则交换该值和 red 指针指向的值,并将 red 指针后移一位。若遇到2,则交换该值和 blue 指针指向的值,并将 blue 指针前移一位。若遇到1,则继续遍历。

解法二:

class Solution {
public:
    void sortColors(vector<int>& nums) {
        int red = 0, blue = (int)nums.size() - 1;
        for (int i = 0; i <= blue; ++i) {
            if (nums[i] == 0) {
                swap(nums[i], nums[red++]);
            } else if (nums[i] == 2) {
                swap(nums[i--], nums[blue--]);
            }
        }
    }
};

当然我们也可以使用 while 循环的方式来写,那么就需要一个变量 cur 来记录当前遍历到的位置,参见代码如下:

解法三:

class Solution {
public:
    void sortColors(vector<int>& nums) {
        int left = 0, right = (int)nums.size() - 1, cur = 0;
        while (cur <= right) {
            if (nums[cur] == 0) {
                swap(nums[cur++], nums[left++]);
            } else if (nums[cur] == 2) {
                swap(nums[cur], nums[right--]);
            } else {
                ++cur;
            }
        }
    }
};

到此这篇关于C++实现LeetCode(75.颜色排序)的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关C++实现颜色排序内容请搜索我们以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持我们!

(0)

相关推荐

  • C++实现LeetCode(68.文本左右对齐)

    [LeetCode] 68.Text Justification 文本左右对齐 Given an array of words and a width maxWidth, format the text such that each line has exactly maxWidth characters and is fully (left and right) justified. You should pack your words in a greedy approach; that i

  • C++实现LeetCode(67.二进制数相加)

    [LeetCode] 67. Add Binary 二进制数相加 Given two binary strings a and b, return their sum as a binary string. Example 1: Input: a = "11", b = "1" Output: "100" Example 2: Input: a = "1010", b = "1011" Output: &q

  • C++实现LeetCode(174.地牢游戏)

    [LeetCode] 174. Dungeon Game 地牢游戏 The demons had captured the princess (P) and imprisoned her in the bottom-right corner of a dungeon. The dungeon consists of M x N rooms laid out in a 2D grid. Our valiant knight (K) was initially positioned in the t

  • C++实现LeetCode(66.加一运算)

    [LeetCode] 66. Plus One 加一运算 Given a non-empty array of decimal digits representing a non-negative integer, increment one to the integer. The digits are stored such that the most significant digit is at the head of the list, and each element in the a

  • C++实现LeetCode(71.简化路径)

    [LeetCode] 71.Simplify Path 简化路径 Given an absolute path for a file (Unix-style), simplify it. For example, path = "/home/", => "/home" path = "/a/./b/../../c/", => "/c" click to show corner cases. Corner Cases

  • C++实现LeetCode(72.编辑距离)

    [LeetCode] 72. Edit Distance 编辑距离 Given two words word1 and word2, find the minimum number of operations required to convert word1 to word2. You have the following 3 operations permitted on a word: Insert a character Delete a character Replace a char

  • C++实现LeetCode(73.矩阵赋零)

    [LeetCode] 73.Set Matrix Zeroes 矩阵赋零 Given a m x n matrix, if an element is 0, set its entire row and column to 0. Do it in place. click to show follow up. Follow up: Did you use extra space? A straight forward solution using O(mn) space is probably

  • C++实现LeetCode( 69.求平方根)

    [LeetCode] 69. Sqrt(x) 求平方根 Implement int sqrt(int x). Compute and return the square root of x, where x is guaranteed to be a non-negative integer. Since the return type is an integer, the decimal digits are truncated and only the integer part of the

  • C++实现LeetCode(75.颜色排序)

    [LeetCode] 75. Sort Colors 颜色排序 Given an array with n objects colored red, white or blue, sort them in-place so that objects of the same color are adjacent, with the colors in the order red, white and blue. Here, we will use the integers 0, 1, and 2

  • C++实现LeetCode(768.可排序的最大块数之二)

    [LeetCode] 768.Max Chunks To Make Sorted II 可排序的最大块数之二 This question is the same as "Max Chunks to Make Sorted" except the integers of the given array are not necessarily distinct, the input array could be up to length 2000, and the elements cou

  • C++实现LeetCode(769.可排序的最大块数)

    [LeetCode] 769.Max Chunks To Make Sorted 可排序的最大块数 Given an array arr that is a permutation of [0, 1, ..., arr.length - 1], we split the array into some number of "chunks" (partitions), and individually sort each chunk.  After concatenating them,

  • C++实现LeetCode(60.序列排序)

    [LeetCode] 60. Permutation Sequence 序列排序 The set [1,2,3,...,n] contains a total of n! unique permutations. By listing and labeling all of the permutations in order, we get the following sequence for n = 3: "123" "132" "213" &

  • C++实现LeetCode(148.链表排序)

    [LeetCode] 148. Sort List 链表排序 Sort a linked list in O(n log n) time using constant space complexity. Example 1: Input: 4->2->1->3 Output: 1->2->3->4 Example 2: Input: -1->5->3->4->0 Output: -1->0->3->4->5 常见排序方法有

  • JAVA十大排序算法之快速排序详解

    目录 快速排序 问题 思路 荷兰国旗问题 代码实现 时间复杂度 算法稳定性 总结 快速排序 快速排序是对冒泡排序的一种改进,也是采用分治法的一个典型的应用.JDK中Arrays的sort()方法,具体的排序细节就是使用快速排序实现的. 从数组中任意选取一个数据(比如数组的第一个数或最后一个数)作为关键数据,我们称为基准数(pivot,或中轴数),然后将所有比它小的数都放到它前面,所有比它大的数都放到它后面,这个过程称为一趟快速排序,也称为分区(partition)操作. 问题 若给定一个无序数组

  • pandas多层索引的创建和取值以及排序的实现

    多层索引的创建 普通-多个index创建 在创建数据的时候加入一个index列表,这个index列表里面是多个索引列表 Series多层索引的创建方法 import pandas as pd s = pd.Series([1,2,3,4,5,6],index=[['张三','张三','李四','李四','王五','王五'], ['期中','期末','期中','期末','期中','期末']]) # print(s) s 张三  期中    1     期末    2 李四  期中    3    

  • react antd实现动态增减表单

    之前写动态表单遇到过坑,就是用index下标做key会导致bug,而且很严重! 今天有空写下文章记录下:怎么处理和逻辑 我用的是antd3的版本,3和4的表单有点不一样,不过差别应该不大. 需求: 1.选择类型切换展示固定的模板 2.通过新增字段可以动态增减表单里面的每一行 3.控制每一行的字段是否需要必填 4.编辑时候回填参数 效果图: 部分关键代码: import React, { Component } from 'react'; import styles from './index.l

  • Go语言学习之数组的用法详解

    目录 引言 一.数组的定义 1. 语法 2. 示例 二.数组的初始化 1. 未初始化的数组 2. 使用初始化列表 3. 省略数组长度 4. 指定索引值的方式来初始化 5. 访问数组元素 6. 根据数组长度遍历数组 三. 访问数组元素 1. 访问数组元素 2. 根据数组长度遍历数组 四.冒泡排序 五.多维数组 1. 二维数组 2. 初始化二维数组 3. 访问二维数组 六.向函数传递数组 1. 形参设定数组大小 2. 形参未设定数组大小 3. 示例 总结 引言 数组是相同数据类型的一组数据的集合,数

  • java8中的lambda表达式,看这篇绝对够

    目录 Lambda表达式 特性 一.lambda表达式介绍 1.1 lambda表达式结构 1.2 常见的Lambda表达式 1.3 基本语法 1.4 类型检查 1.5 类型推断 1.6 变量作用域 1.7 方法引用 1.8 构造器引用 二.在何处使用lambda表达式 2.1 函数式接口介绍 2.2 常见的函数式接口 2.3 常见的Lambda和已有的实现 2.4 针对装箱拆箱的优化 2.5 复合Lambda函数 Lambda表达式 Lambda是简洁的标识可传递匿名函数的一种方式.“互动”事

随机推荐