SpringBoot Session接口验证实现流程详解

目录

• 添加pom.xml
• 创建简单的测试接口
• 使用过滤器实现
• 使用拦截器实现

需求：只有用户登录成功后，才能访问其它接口，否则提示需要进行登录

项目仓库地址：https://gitee.com/aiw-nine/springboot_session_verify

添加pom.xml

新建Spring Boot（2.7.2）项目，添加如下依赖：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.2</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.aiw</groupId>
    <artifactId>waimai</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>waimai</name>
    <description>waimai</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.76</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

创建简单的测试接口

package com.aiw.springboot_session_verify.controller;
import com.aiw.springboot_session_verify.entity.User;
import com.aiw.springboot_session_verify.response.R;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.Objects;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    /**
     * 登录，此处只做简单测试
     *
     * @param user
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/login", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public R<User> login(@RequestBody User user, HttpServletRequest request) {
    	// 此处应该和数据库进行交互判断，为做测试，简单写死
        if (Objects.equals(user.getId(), 1) && Objects.equals(user.getName(), "Aiw")) {
            // 登录成功，将id存入session并返回登录成功结果
            request.getSession().setAttribute("user", user.getId());
            request.getSession().setMaxInactiveInterval(1800);  // 设置session失效时间为30分钟
            return R.success("登录成功", user);
        }
        return R.fail("登录失败");
    }
    /**
     * 退出登录
     *
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/logout", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public R<String> logout(HttpServletRequest request) {
        request.getSession().removeAttribute("user");
        return R.success("退出成功");
    }
    /**
     * 此处做测试，看用户在未登录时，能否访问到此接口
     *
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/index", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public R<String> index() {
        return R.success("首页，访问成功");
    }
}

使用过滤器实现

创建LoginCheckFilter.java类，实现Filter接口

package com.aiw.springboot_session_verify.filter;
import com.aiw.springboot_session_verify.response.R;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.util.AntPathMatcher;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Objects;
/**
 * 检查用户是否已经完成登录（方式一：过滤器）
 * 需要在启动类上加上@ServletComponentScan注解，这样才会扫描@WebFilter注解
 */
@Slf4j
@WebFilter
public class LoginCheckFilter implements Filter {
    // 路径匹配器，支持通配符
    public static final AntPathMatcher PATH_MATCHER = new AntPathMatcher();
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
        HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
        log.info("拦截到的请求：{}", request.getRequestURI());
        // 1、获取本次请求的URI
        String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();
        // 定义不需要处理的请求路径
        String[] urls = new String[]{"/user/login", "/user/logout"};
        // 2、判断本次请求是否需要处理
        boolean check = check(urls, requestURI);
        // 3、如果不需要处理，则直接放行
        if (check) {
            log.info("本次请求{}不需要处理", requestURI);
            filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
            return;
        }
        // 4、判断登录状态，如果已登录，则直接放行
        if (Objects.nonNull(request.getSession().getAttribute("user"))) {
            log.info("用户已登录，用户id为：{}", request.getSession().getAttribute("user"));
            filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
            return;
        }
        // 5、如果未登录则返回未登录结果，通过输出流方式向客户端页面响应数据
        log.info("用户未登录");
        response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");
        // 1、使用Fastjson（默认过滤null值）
        response.getWriter().write(JSON.toJSONString(R.error("未登录")));
        // 2、使用默认的Jackson，此处关于Jackson配置的相关属性会失效（即若在配置文件中配置过滤null值，这里返回时不会过滤）
        // response.getWriter().write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(R.error("未登录")));
        return;
    }
    /**
     * 路径匹配，检查本次请求是否需要放行
     *
     * @param urls
     * @param requestURI
     * @return
     */
    public boolean check(String[] urls, String requestURI) {
        for (String url : urls) {
            boolean match = PATH_MATCHER.match(url, requestURI);
            if (match) return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
}

修改启动类

package com.aiw.springboot_session_verify;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan;
@ServletComponentScan
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootSessionVerifyApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringbootSessionVerifyApplication.class, args);
    }
}

启动项目，使用ApiPost进行接口测试。首先在未登录状态下，访问/user/index接口

可以看到在未登录时，访问其它接口会失败

此时先进行登录，访问/user/login接口

再次访问/user/index接口

即登录成功后，可以成功访问该接口；为保证后续操作，此处再访问/user/logout接口，删除后端的session

使用拦截器实现

创建LoginCheckInterceptor.java类，实现HandlerInterceptor接口

package com.aiw.springboot_session_verify.interceptor;
import com.aiw.springboot_session_verify.response.R;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.util.Objects;
/**
 * 检查用户是否已经完成登录（方式二：拦截器）
 * 需要在实现WebMvcConfigurer接口的配置类中重写addInterceptors方法，将拦截器注册到容器，并指定拦截规则
 */
@Slf4j
public class LoginCheckInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        //1.获取请求
        log.info("拦截的请求：{}", request.getRequestURI());
        //2.判断用户是否登录
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        // 若存在，则放行
        if (Objects.nonNull(session.getAttribute("user"))) return true;
        //拦截住，并给前端页面返回未登录信息，以输出流的方式，json格式返回
        response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");
        // 1、使用Fastjson（默认过滤null值）
        response.getWriter().write(JSON.toJSONString(R.error("未登录")));
        // 2、使用默认的Jackson，在配置文件中关于Jackson配置的相关属性会失效
        //response.getWriter().write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(R.error("未登录")));
        return false;
    }
}

注册拦截器，新建配置类WebConfig.java，实现WebMvcConfigurer接口

package com.aiw.springboot_session_verify.config;
import com.aiw.springboot_session_verify.interceptor.LoginCheckInterceptor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
@Configuration
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    /**
     * 注册拦截器
     *
     * @param registry
     */
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        registry.addInterceptor(new LoginCheckInterceptor())
                .addPathPatterns("/**")
                // 排除的请求路径
                .excludePathPatterns("/user/login", "/user/logout");
    }
}

注释掉LoginCheckFilter.java类，再注释掉启动类上的@ServletComponentScan注解，防止过滤器的干扰，启动项目。首先在未登录状态下，访问/user/index接口

进行登录，访问/user/login接口

再次访问/user/index接口

至此，全部完成，当然后期可以使用Spring Boot+JWT实现接口验证

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