Android基于Http协议实现文件上传功能的方法

本文实例讲述了Android基于Http协议实现文件上传功能的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

注意一般使用Http协议上传的文件都比较小，一般是小于2M

这里示例是上传一个小的MP3文件

1.主Activity：MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends Activity
{
  private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
  private EditText timelengthText;
  private EditText titleText;
  private EditText videoText;
  @Override
  public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
  {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.main);
    //提交上传按钮
    Button button = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button);
    timelengthText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.timelength);
    videoText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.video);
    titleText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.title);
    button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()
    {
      @Override
      public void onClick(View v)
      {
        String title = titleText.getText().toString();
        String timelength = timelengthText.getText().toString();
        Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
        params.put("method", "save");
        params.put("title", title);
        params.put("timelength", timelength);
        try
        {
          //得到SDCard的目录
          File uploadFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), videoText.getText().toString());
          //上传音频文件
          FormFile formfile = new FormFile("02.mp3", uploadFile, "video", "audio/mpeg");
          SocketHttpRequester.post("http://192.168.1.100:8080/videoweb/video/manage.do", params, formfile);
          Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, R.string.success, 1).show();
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
          Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, R.string.error, 1).show();
          Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
        }
      }
    });
  }
}

2.上传工具类，注意里面构造协议字符串需要根据不同的提交表单来处理

public class SocketHttpRequester
{
  /**
   * 发送xml数据
   * @param path 请求地址
   * @param xml xml数据
   * @param encoding 编码
   * @return
   * @throws Exception
   */
  public static byte[] postXml(String path, String xml, String encoding) throws Exception{
    byte[] data = xml.getBytes(encoding);
    URL url = new URL(path);
    HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
    conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
    conn.setDoOutput(true);
    conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset="+ encoding);
    conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));
    conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);
    OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
    outStream.write(data);
    outStream.flush();
    outStream.close();
    if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){
      return readStream(conn.getInputStream());
    }
    return null;
  }
  /**
   * 直接通过HTTP协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能:
   *  <FORM METHOD=POST ACTION="http://192.168.0.200:8080/ssi/fileload/test.do" enctype="multipart/form-data">
      <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name">
      <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="id">
      <input type="file" name="imagefile"/>
      <input type="file" name="zip"/>
     </FORM>
   * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，
   *         因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.baidu.com或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
   * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
   * @param file 上传文件
   */
  public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files) throws Exception
  {
    //数据分隔线
    final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612";
    //数据结束标志"---------------------------7da2137580612--"
    final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "--/r/n";
    //下面两个for循环都是为了得到数据长度参数，依据表单的类型而定
    //首先得到文件类型数据的总长度(包括文件分割线)
    int fileDataLength = 0;
    for(FormFile uploadFile : files)
    {
      StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder();
      fileExplain.append("--");
      fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY);
      fileExplain.append("/r/n");
      fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=/""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"/";filename=/""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "/"/r/n");
      fileExplain.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"/r/n/r/n");
      fileExplain.append("/r/n");
      fileDataLength += fileExplain.length();
      if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
        fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length();
      }else{
        fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length;
      }
    }
    //再构造文本类型参数的实体数据
    StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder();
    for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet())
    {
      textEntity.append("--");
      textEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
      textEntity.append("/r/n");
      textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=/""+ entry.getKey() + "/"/r/n/r/n");
      textEntity.append(entry.getValue());
      textEntity.append("/r/n");
    }
    //计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度(文本总长度+数据总长度+分隔符)
    int dataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length + fileDataLength + endline.getBytes().length;
    URL url = new URL(path);
    //默认端口号其实可以不写
    int port = url.getPort()==-1 ? 80 : url.getPort();
    //建立一个Socket链接
    Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port);
    //获得一个输出流（从Android流到web）
    OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();
    //下面完成HTTP请求头的发送
    String requestmethod = "POST "+ url.getPath()+" HTTP/1.1/r/n";
    outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes());
    //构建accept
    String accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*/r/n";
    outStream.write(accept.getBytes());
    //构建language
    String language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN/r/n";
    outStream.write(language.getBytes());
    //构建contenttype
    String contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY+ "/r/n";
    outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes());
    //构建contentlength
    String contentlength = "Content-Length: "+ dataLength + "/r/n";
    outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes());
    //构建alive
    String alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive/r/n";
    outStream.write(alive.getBytes());
    //构建host
    String host = "Host: "+ url.getHost() +":"+ port +"/r/n";
    outStream.write(host.getBytes());
    //写完HTTP请求头后根据HTTP协议再写一个回车换行
    outStream.write("/r/n".getBytes());
    //把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来
    outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes());
    //把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来
    for(FormFile uploadFile : files)
    {
      StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder();
      fileEntity.append("--");
      fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
      fileEntity.append("/r/n");
      fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=/""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"/";filename=/""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "/"/r/n");
      fileEntity.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"/r/n/r/n");
      outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes());
      //边读边写
      if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null)
      {
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int len = 0;
        while((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1)
        {
          outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
        }
        uploadFile.getInStream().close();
      }
      else
      {
        outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(), 0, uploadFile.getData().length);
      }
      outStream.write("/r/n".getBytes());
    }
    //下面发送数据结束标志，表示数据已经结束
    outStream.write(endline.getBytes());
    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
    //读取web服务器返回的数据，判断请求码是否为200，如果不是200，代表请求失败
    if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1)
    {
      return false;
    }
    outStream.flush();
    outStream.close();
    reader.close();
    socket.close();
    return true;
  }
  /**
   * 提交数据到服务器
   * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.baidu.com或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
   * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
   * @param file 上传文件
   */
  public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file) throws Exception
  {
    return post(path, params, new FormFile[]{file});
  }
  /**
   * 提交数据到服务器
   * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.baidu.com或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
   * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
   * @param encode 编码
   */
  public static byte[] postFromHttpClient(String path, Map<String, String> params, String encode) throws Exception
  {
    //用于存放请求参数
    List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
    for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet())
    {
      formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
    }
    UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, encode);
    HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(path);
    httppost.setEntity(entity);
    //看作是浏览器
    HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
    //发送post请求
    HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
    return readStream(response.getEntity().getContent());
  }
  /**
   * 发送请求
   * @param path 请求路径
   * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名称 value为参数值
   * @param encode 请求参数的编码
   */
  public static byte[] post(String path, Map<String, String> params, String encode) throws Exception
  {
    //String params = "method=save&name="+ URLEncoder.encode("老毕", "UTF-8")+ "&age=28&";//需要发送的参数
    StringBuilder parambuilder = new StringBuilder("");
    if(params!=null && !params.isEmpty())
    {
      for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet())
      {
        parambuilder.append(entry.getKey()).append("=")
          .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), encode)).append("&");
      }
      parambuilder.deleteCharAt(parambuilder.length()-1);
    }
    byte[] data = parambuilder.toString().getBytes();
    URL url = new URL(path);
    HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
    //设置允许对外发送请求参数
    conn.setDoOutput(true);
    //设置不进行缓存
    conn.setUseCaches(false);
    conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);
    conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
    //下面设置http请求头
    conn.setRequestProperty("Accept", "image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*");
    conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN");
    conn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)");
    conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
    conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));
    conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
    //发送参数
    DataOutputStream outStream = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
    outStream.write(data);//把参数发送出去
    outStream.flush();
    outStream.close();
    if(conn.getResponseCode()==200)
    {
      return readStream(conn.getInputStream());
    }
    return null;
  }
  /**
   * 读取流
   * @param inStream
   * @return 字节数组
   * @throws Exception
   */
  public static byte[] readStream(InputStream inStream) throws Exception
  {
    ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
    int len = -1;
    while( (len=inStream.read(buffer)) != -1)
    {
      outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
    }
    outSteam.close();
    inStream.close();
    return outSteam.toByteArray();
  }
}
public class StreamTool
{
  /**
   * 从输入流读取数据
   * @param inStream
   * @return
   * @throws Exception
   */
  public static byte[] readInputStream(InputStream inStream) throws Exception{
    ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
    int len = 0;
    while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){
      outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
    }
    outSteam.close();
    inStream.close();
    return outSteam.toByteArray();
  }
}
/**
 * 使用JavaBean封装上传文件数据
 *
 */
public class FormFile
{
  //上传文件的数据
  private byte[] data;
  private InputStream inStream;
  private File file;
  //文件名称
  private String filname;
  //请求参数名称
  private String parameterName;
  //内容类型
  private String contentType = "application/octet-stream";
  /**
   * 上传小文件，把文件数据先读入内存
   * @param filname
   * @param data
   * @param parameterName
   * @param contentType
   */
  public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType)
  {
    this.data = data;
    this.filname = filname;
    this.parameterName = parameterName;
    if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
  }
  /**
   * 上传大文件，一边读文件数据一边上传
   * @param filname
   * @param file
   * @param parameterName
   * @param contentType
   */
  public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType)
  {
    this.filname = filname;
    this.parameterName = parameterName;
    this.file = file;
    try
    {
      this.inStream = new FileInputStream(file);
    }
    catch (FileNotFoundException e)
    {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
    if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
  }
  public File getFile()
  {
    return file;
  }
  public InputStream getInStream()
  {
    return inStream;
  }
  public byte[] getData()
  {
    return data;
  }
  public String getFilname()
  {
    return filname;
  }
  public void setFilname(String filname)
  {
    this.filname = filname;
  }
  public String getParameterName()
  {
    return parameterName;
  }
  public void setParameterName(String parameterName)
  {
    this.parameterName = parameterName;
  }
  public String getContentType()
  {
    return contentType;
  }
  public void setContentType(String contentType)
  {
    this.contentType = contentType;
  }
}

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