java poi设置生成的word的图片为上下型环绕以及其位置的实现

问题描述

在使用poi-tl word模版工具时，发现生成的文档中，图片格式为嵌入型，有的图片甚至被表格遮挡一半。而自己想要的图片格式为上下型环绕，并且图片需要居中。

问题分析

poi-tl渲染图片，使用的是org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFRun的addPicture方法，该方法中有一段代码：CTInline inline = drawing.addNewInline();意思就是默认将图片转为inline类型，即行内元素。

然后我们把生成的嵌入型图片的文档转换成xml文件，然后再新建一个文档，插入图片后，设置图片为上下型环绕，保存为另一个xml，比较下两个xml的区别。嵌入型图片的xml是：

上下型环绕的图片的xml是

我们看到两种格式的图片标签分别为inline和anchor。所以如果我们想把图片设置为上下型环绕，需要重写poi的addPicture方法，把图片转为anchor类型。

我们仿照org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFRun的addPicture方法，将CTInline inline = drawing.addNewInline();换成 CTAnchor anchor = drawing.addNewAnchor();，然后对比着xml，依次对anchor的字段进行赋值。结果发现生成的word无法正常打开，查了很多资料，都说poi的CTAnchor有问题，使用后无法正常打开生成的word。

此路不通，那我们就尝试另一种思路，我们不通过CTAnchor来生成anchor标签，而是直接使用xml，将xml赋给poi的drawing。具体的处理方式在后面。

xml标签和图片格式解析

在word中，在图片上右键，选择大小和位置，就可以看到如下界面：

图中的上下型对应的是xml中的<wp:wrapTopAndBottom/>标签，不同环绕方式该标签值不一样。如果需要其他格式，可以设置好后，把文档保存为xml，找到对应的标签。

图中的距正文上下左右距离，对应的是<wp:anchor distT="71755" distB="71755" distL="114300" distR="114300" ...>中的disT、disB、disL、disR属性。

图中位置一栏，水平对齐方式居中、相对于栏对应的是xml中的<wp:positionH relativeFrom="column"><wp:align>center</wp:align></wp:positionH>。

垂直-绝对位置0.1cm，下侧段落对应的是xml中的<wp:positionV relativeFrom="paragraph"><wp:posOffset>36195</wp:posOffset></wp:positionV>。

我们可以根据不同的需要来设置不同的xml。

我使用的xml是

 String xml = "<wp:anchor allowOverlap=\"0\" layoutInCell=\"1\" locked=\"0\" behindDoc=\"0\" relativeHeight=\"0\"
        simplePos=\"0\" distR=\"0\" distL=\"0\" distB=\"0\" distT=\"0\" " +
        " xmlns:wp=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/wordprocessingDrawing\"" +
        " xmlns:wp14=\"http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2010/wordprocessingDrawing\"" +
        " xmlns:r=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships\" >" +
        "<wp:simplePos y=\"0\" x=\"0\"/>" +
        "<wp:positionH relativeFrom=\"column\">" +
        "<wp:align>center</wp:align>" +
        "</wp:positionH>" +
        "<wp:positionV relativeFrom=\"paragraph\">" +
        "<wp:posOffset>0</wp:posOffset>" +
        "</wp:positionV>" +
        "<wp:extent cy=\""+height+"\" cx=\""+width+"\"/>" +
        "<wp:effectExtent b=\"0\" r=\"0\" t=\"0\" l=\"0\"/>" +
        "<wp:wrapTopAndBottom/>" +
        "<wp:docPr descr=\"Picture Alt\" name=\"Picture Hit\" id=\"0\"/>" +
        "<wp:cNvGraphicFramePr>" +
        "<a:graphicFrameLocks noChangeAspect=\"true\" xmlns:a=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main\" />" +
        "</wp:cNvGraphicFramePr>" +
        "<a:graphic xmlns:a=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main\">" +
        "<a:graphicData uri=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture\" xmlns:a=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main\">" +
        "<pic:pic xmlns:pic=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture\">" +
        "<pic:nvPicPr>" +
        "<pic:cNvPr name=\"Picture Hit\" id=\"1\"/>" +
        "<pic:cNvPicPr/>" +
        "</pic:nvPicPr>" +
        "<pic:blipFill>" +
        "<a:blip r:embed=\""+relationId+"\"/>" +
        "<a:stretch>" +
        "<a:fillRect/>" +
        "</a:stretch>" +
        "</pic:blipFill>" +
        "<pic:spPr>" +
        "<a:xfrm>" +
        "<a:off y=\"0\" x=\"0\"/>" +
        "<a:ext cy=\""+height+"\" cx=\""+width+"\"/>" +
        "</a:xfrm>" +
        "<a:prstGeom prst=\"rect\">" +
        "<a:avLst/>" +
        "</a:prstGeom>" +
        "</pic:spPr>" +
        "</pic:pic>" +
        "</a:graphicData>" +
        "</a:graphic>" +
        "<wp14:sizeRelH relativeFrom=\"margin\">" +
        "<wp14:pctWidth>0</wp14:pctWidth>" +
        "</wp14:sizeRelH>" +
        "<wp14:sizeRelV relativeFrom=\"margin\">" +
        "<wp14:pctHeight>0</wp14:pctHeight>" +
        "</wp14:sizeRelV>" +
        "</wp:anchor>";
        

其中width和height是图片的宽度和高度，relationId是图片的id。

解决方案

1，首先定义一个poi-tl的图片渲染器，使得其不再调用poi默认的图片渲染器，而是使用我们自己定义的。

public class MyPictureRenderPolicy extends AbstractRenderPolicy<PictureRenderData> {
@Override
protected boolean validate(PictureRenderData data) {
  return (null != data.getData() || null != data.getPath());
}

@Override
public void doRender(RunTemplate runTemplate, PictureRenderData picture, XWPFTemplate template)
    throws Exception {
  XWPFRun run = runTemplate.getRun();
  MyPictureRenderPolicy.Helper.renderPicture(run, picture);
}

@Override
protected void afterRender(RenderContext context) {
  clearPlaceholder(context, false);
}

@Override
protected void doRenderException(RunTemplate runTemplate, PictureRenderData data, Exception e) {
  logger.info("Render picture " + runTemplate + " error: {}", e.getMessage());
  runTemplate.getRun().setText(data.getAltMeta(), 0);
}

public static class Helper {
  public static void renderPicture(XWPFRun run, PictureRenderData picture) throws Exception {
    int suggestFileType = suggestFileType(picture.getPath());
    InputStream ins = null == picture.getData() ? new FileInputStream(picture.getPath())
        : new ByteArrayInputStream(picture.getData());

    String relationId = run.getDocument().addPictureData(ins, suggestFileType);
    long width = Units.toEMU(picture.getWidth());
    long height = Units.toEMU(picture.getHeight());
    CTDrawing drawing = run.getCTR().addNewDrawing();
    String xml = "<wp:anchor allowOverlap=\"0\" layoutInCell=\"1\" locked=\"0\" behindDoc=\"0\" relativeHeight=\"0\" simplePos=\"0\" distR=\"0\" distL=\"0\" distB=\"0\" distT=\"0\" " +
        " xmlns:wp=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/wordprocessingDrawing\"" +
        " xmlns:wp14=\"http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2010/wordprocessingDrawing\"" +
        " xmlns:r=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships\" >" +
        "<wp:simplePos y=\"0\" x=\"0\"/>" +
        "<wp:positionH relativeFrom=\"column\">" +
        "<wp:align>center</wp:align>" +
        "</wp:positionH>" +
        "<wp:positionV relativeFrom=\"paragraph\">" +
        "<wp:posOffset>0</wp:posOffset>" +
        "</wp:positionV>" +
        "<wp:extent cy=\""+height+"\" cx=\""+width+"\"/>" +
        "<wp:effectExtent b=\"0\" r=\"0\" t=\"0\" l=\"0\"/>" +
        "<wp:wrapTopAndBottom/>" +
        "<wp:docPr descr=\"Picture Alt\" name=\"Picture Hit\" id=\"0\"/>" +
        "<wp:cNvGraphicFramePr>" +
        "<a:graphicFrameLocks noChangeAspect=\"true\" xmlns:a=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main\" />" +
        "</wp:cNvGraphicFramePr>" +
        "<a:graphic xmlns:a=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main\">" +
        "<a:graphicData uri=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture\" xmlns:a=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main\">" +
        "<pic:pic xmlns:pic=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture\">" +
        "<pic:nvPicPr>" +
        "<pic:cNvPr name=\"Picture Hit\" id=\"1\"/>" +
        "<pic:cNvPicPr/>" +
        "</pic:nvPicPr>" +
        "<pic:blipFill>" +
        "<a:blip r:embed=\""+relationId+"\"/>" +
        "<a:stretch>" +
        "<a:fillRect/>" +
        "</a:stretch>" +
        "</pic:blipFill>" +
        "<pic:spPr>" +
        "<a:xfrm>" +
        "<a:off y=\"0\" x=\"0\"/>" +
        "<a:ext cy=\""+height+"\" cx=\""+width+"\"/>" +
        "</a:xfrm>" +
        "<a:prstGeom prst=\"rect\">" +
        "<a:avLst/>" +
        "</a:prstGeom>" +
        "</pic:spPr>" +
        "</pic:pic>" +
        "</a:graphicData>" +
        "</a:graphic>" +
        "<wp14:sizeRelH relativeFrom=\"margin\">" +
        "<wp14:pctWidth>0</wp14:pctWidth>" +
        "</wp14:sizeRelH>" +
        "<wp14:sizeRelV relativeFrom=\"margin\">" +
        "<wp14:pctHeight>0</wp14:pctHeight>" +
        "</wp14:sizeRelV>" +
        "</wp:anchor>";
    drawing.set(XmlToken.Factory.parse(xml, DEFAULT_XML_OPTIONS));
    CTPicture pic = getCTPictures(drawing).get(0);
    XWPFPicture xwpfPicture = new XWPFPicture(pic, run);
    run.getEmbeddedPictures().add(xwpfPicture);
  }

  public static List<CTPicture> getCTPictures(XmlObject o) {
    List<CTPicture> pictures = new ArrayList<>();
    XmlObject[] picts = o.selectPath("declare namespace pic='"
        + CTPicture.type.getName().getNamespaceURI() + "' .//pic:pic");
    for (XmlObject pict : picts) {
      if (pict instanceof XmlAnyTypeImpl) {
        // Pesky XmlBeans bug - see Bugzilla #49934
        try {
          pict = CTPicture.Factory.parse(pict.toString(),
              DEFAULT_XML_OPTIONS);
        } catch (XmlException e) {
          throw new POIXMLException(e);
        }
      }
      if (pict instanceof CTPicture) {
        pictures.add((CTPicture) pict);
      }
    }
    return pictures;
  }

  public static int suggestFileType(String imgFile) {
    int format = 0;
    if (imgFile.endsWith(".emf")) {
      format = XWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_EMF;
    } else if (imgFile.endsWith(".wmf")) {
      format = XWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_WMF;
    } else if (imgFile.endsWith(".pict")) {
      format = XWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_PICT;
    } else if (imgFile.endsWith(".jpeg") || imgFile.endsWith(".jpg")) {
      format = XWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG;
    } else if (imgFile.endsWith(".png")) {
      format = XWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG;
    } else if (imgFile.endsWith(".dib")) {
      format = XWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_DIB;
    } else if (imgFile.endsWith(".gif")) {
      format = XWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_GIF;
    } else if (imgFile.endsWith(".tiff")) {
      format = XWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_TIFF;
    } else if (imgFile.endsWith(".eps")) {
      format = XWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_EPS;
    } else if (imgFile.endsWith(".bmp")) {
      format = XWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_BMP;
    } else if (imgFile.endsWith(".wpg")) {
      format = XWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_WPG;
    } else {
      throw new RenderException(
          "Unsupported picture: " + imgFile + ". Expected emf|wmf|pict|jpeg|png|dib|gif|tiff|eps|bmp|wpg");
    }
    return format;
  }

}
}

然后在渲染模板的时候，配置我们自己定义的图片渲染器

 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{

  String path = "1.docx";
  InputStream templateFile = Demo.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(path);
  Map map = new HashMap();
  map.put("pic", new PictureRenderData(120, 80, ".png", Demo.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("1.png")));

  // 将数据整合到模板中去
  Configure.ConfigureBuilder builder = Configure.newBuilder();
  builder.supportGrammerRegexForAll();
  builder.addPlugin('@', new MyPictureRenderPolicy());
  XWPFTemplate template = XWPFTemplate.compile(templateFile, builder.build()).render(map);

  String docPath = "C:\\Users\\csdc01\\Desktop\\out.docx";
  FileOutputStream outputStream1 = new FileOutputStream(docPath);
  template.write(outputStream1);
  outputStream1.flush();
  outputStream1.close();
}

源码：https://github.com/ksyzz/poi-tl-demo.git

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