Python socket实现多对多全双工通信的方法

服务器：#server.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import sys
import struct#将字符串打包为二进制流进行网络传输
import select#
import signal#用于捕获中断信号
import cPickle#将python对象进行序列化:dumps将python对象序列化保存为字符串,loads与之相反
from socket import *
HOST = ''
def send(channel,*args):#发送数据
  buffer = cPickle.dumps(args)
  value = htonl(len(buffer))
  size = struct.pack("L",value)
  channel.send(size)
  channel.send(buffer)
def receive(channel):#接收数据
  size = struct.calcsize("L")
  size = channel.recv(size)
  try:
    size = ntohl(struct.unpack("L",size)[0])#socket.ntohl(参考：http://blog.csdn.net/tatun/article/details/7194973)
  except struct.error,e:
    return ''
  buf = ''
  while len(buf) < size:
    buf += channel.recv(size-len(buf))
  return cPickle.loads(buf)[0]#恢复python对象

class ChatServer(object):
  def __init__(self,PORT,backlog = 5):
    self.clients = 0
    self.clientmap = {}
    self.outputs = [] #Client会话列表
    self.server = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
    self.server.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,1)#重用套接字地址
    self.server.bind((HOST,PORT))
    self.server.listen(backlog)
    signal.signal(signal.SIGINT,self.signalhandler)#使用signal模块捕获中断操作 SIGINT中断进程(ctrl+c)， SIGTERM 终止进程，SIGKILL杀死进程，SIGALRM 闹钟信号

  def signalhandler(self,signum,frame):#中断处理方法
    print "Shutting down server ..."
    for output in self.outputs:
      output.close()
    self.server.close()

  def get_client_name(self,client):
    info = self.clientmap[client]
    host,port,name = info[0][0],info[0][1],info[1]
    return ':'.join((('@'.join((name,host))),str(port)))

  def run(self):
    inputs = [self.server]
    print 'Waiting for connect...'
    while True:
      try:
        readable,writeable,execption = select.select(inputs,self.outputs,[])
      except select.error,e:
        break
      for sock in readable:
        if sock == self.server:#服务器端接收
          client,address = self.server.accept()
          print "Chat server: connected from",address
          self.clients += 1
          cname = receive(client)
          send(client,str(address[0]))
          inputs.append(client)
          self.clientmap[client] = (address,cname)
          msg = "(Connected : New Client(%d) from %s)\n"%(self.clients,self.get_client_name(client))
          message = "At present, only one of you is in the chat room!"
          if self.clients == 1:
            send(client,message)
          for output in self.outputs:
            send(output,msg)
          self.outputs.append(client)#将开始回话的client加入Client回话列表

        #elif sock == sys.stdin:
          #break
        else:
          try:
            data = receive(sock)
            if data:
              msg = '[' + self.get_client_name(sock)+ '] >> ' + data
              for output in self.outputs:
                if output!=sock:
                  send(output,msg)
            else:
              self.clients-=1
              sock.close()
              inputs.remove(sock)
              self.outputs.remove(sock)
              msg = '(Now hung up: Client from %s)'%self.get_client_name(sock)
              message = "At present, only one of you is in the chat room!"
              for output in self.outputs:
                send(output,msg)
              if self.clients == 1:
                send(self.outputs[0],message)
          except error,e:
            inputs.remove(sock)
            self.outputs.remove(sock)
    self.server.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
    server = ChatServer(6004)
    server.run()

客户端：#client.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
from server import send,receive
from socket import *
import sys
import select
import cPickle
import struct
import signal

class ChatClient(object):
  def __init__(self,name):
    self.name = name
    self.connected = False
    self.host = 'localhost'
    self.port = 6004
    try:
      self.sock = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM)
      self.sock.connect((self.host,self.port))
      self.connected = True
      send(self.sock,self.name)
      data= receive(self.sock)
      addr = data
    except error,e:#socket.serro
      print 'Failed to connect to chat server'
      sys.exit(1)
  def run(self):
    while True:
      try:
        readable,writeable,exception = select.select([0,self.sock],[],[])
        for sock in readable:
          if sock == 0:
            data = sys.stdin.readline().strip()
            if data:
              send(self.sock,data)
          else:
            data=receive(self.sock)
            if not data:
              print 'Client shutting down.'
              self.connected = False
              break
            else:
              sys.stdout.write(data+'\n')
              sys.stdout.flush()
      except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print 'Client interrupted'
        self.sock.close()
        break
if __name__ == "__main__":
  name = raw_input("Please input login name > ")
  client=ChatClient(name)
  client.run()

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