详解mac下通过docker搭建LEMP环境

在mac下通过docker搭建LEMP环境境

1.安装virtualbox。由于docker是在lxc环境的容器

2.安装boot2docker，用于与docker客户端通讯

> brew update
> brew install docker
> brew install boot2docker

3.初始化boot2docker，也就是在virtualbox上安装一个docker的host环境

 boot2docker init

此时会下载一个镜像

4.启动虚拟机host

:~$ boot2docker up
Waiting for VM and Docker daemon to start...
....................ooo
Started.

To connect the Docker client to the Docker daemon, please set:
  export DOCKER_HOST=tcp://192.168.59.103:2375
  unset DOCKER_CERT_PATH

这样host环境就启动起来了，根据提示设置环境变量

 export DOCKER_HOST=tcp://192.168.59.103:2375

后boot2docker就能与host环境的docker客户端连接了

5.连接host环境的docker客户端

MacBook-Pro:~$ boot2docker ssh
            ##    .
         ## ## ##    ==
        ## ## ## ##   ===
      /""""""""""""""""\___/ ===
   ~~~ {~~ ~~~~ ~~~ ~~~~ ~~ ~ / ===- ~~~
      \______ o     __/
       \  \    __/
       \____\______/
 _         _  ____   _      _
| |__  ___  ___ | |_|___ \ __| | ___  ___| | _____ _ __
| '_ \ / _ \ / _ \| __| __) / _` |/ _ \ / __| |/ / _ \ '__|
| |_) | (_) | (_) | |_ / __/ (_| | (_) | (__|  < __/ |
|_.__/ \___/ \___/ \__|_____\__,_|\___/ \___|_|\_\___|_|

 boot2docker with VirtualBox guest additions version 4.3.14

boot2docker: 1.2.0
       master : e75396e - Fri Aug 22 06:03:48 UTC 2014
docker@boot2docker:~$

这样我们就成功登录virtualbox中的host环境，便可以进行docker操作了

安装nginx，php，mysql，基于ubuntu14:04，以下我是通过Dockerfile安装的

这里是DockFile

6.生成mysql镜像

Dockerfile

# LEMP stack as a docker container
FROM ubuntu:14.04
MAINTAINER Daniel Watrous <email>
#ENV http_proxy http://proxy.example.com:8080
#ENV https_proxy https://proxy.example.com:8080

RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get -y upgrade
# seed database password
COPY mysqlpwdseed /root/mysqlpwdseed
RUN debconf-set-selections /root/mysqlpwdseed

RUN apt-get -y install mysql-server

RUN sed -i -e"s/^bind-address\s*=\s*127.0.0.1/bind-address = 0.0.0.0/" /etc/mysql/my.cnf

RUN /usr/sbin/mysqld & \
  sleep 10s &&\
  echo "GRANT ALL ON *.* TO admin@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'secret' WITH GRANT OPTION; FLUSH PRIVILEGES" | mysql -u root --password=secret &&\
  echo "create database test" | mysql -u root --password=secret

# persistence: http://txt.fliglio.com/2013/11/creating-a-mysql-docker-container/ 

EXPOSE 3306

CMD ["/usr/bin/mysqld_safe"]

mysqlpwdseed

mysql-server mysql-server/root_password password secret
mysql-server mysql-server/root_password_again password secret

进入mysql的Dockefile然后生成一个mysql镜像

docker build -t "local/mysql:v1" .

成功后用

docker images

查看已生成的镜像

运行mysql镜像，生成一个容器

docker run -d --name mysql local/mysql:v1

运行起来后，可以用

boot2docker:~$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID    IMAGE        COMMAND        CREATED       STATUS       PORTS        NAMES
c2332dcad7ca    local/mysql:v1   "/usr/bin/mysqld_saf  26 hours ago    Up 2 seconds    3306/tcp      mysql,nginx/mysql

来查看正在运行的容器

7.生成nginx，php ，这两个用一个dockerfile生成一个镜像

dockerfile

# LEMP stack as a docker container
FROM ubuntu:14.04
MAINTAINER Daniel Watrous <email>
ENV http_proxy http://proxy.example.com:8080
ENV https_proxy https://proxy.example.com:8080

# install nginx
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get -y upgrade
RUN apt-get -y install nginx
RUN echo "daemon off;" >> /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
RUN mv /etc/nginx/sites-available/default /etc/nginx/sites-available/default.bak
COPY default /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

# install PHP
RUN apt-get -y install php5-fpm php5-mysql
RUN sed -i s/\;cgi\.fix_pathinfo\s*\=\s*1/cgi.fix_pathinfo\=0/ /etc/php5/fpm/php.ini

# prepare php test scripts
RUN echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" > /usr/share/nginx/html/info.php
ADD wall.php /usr/share/nginx/html/wall.php

# add volumes for debug and file manipulation
VOLUME ["/var/log/", "/usr/share/nginx/html/"]

EXPOSE 80

CMD service php5-fpm start && nginx

default 一个默认的nginx配置文件

server {
    listen 80 default_server;
    listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on;

    root /usr/share/nginx/html;
    index index.php index.html index.htm;

    server_name localhost;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    }

    error_page 404 /404.html;

    error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }
}

wall.php 一个用来测试连接mysql的测试文件

<?php

// database credentials (defined in group_vars/all)
$dbname = "test";
$dbuser = "admin";
$dbpass = "secret";
$dbhost = "mysql";

// query templates
$create_table = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `wall` (
  `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,
  `title` varchar(255) NOT NULL default '',
  `content` text NOT NULL default '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
  ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8";
$select_wall = 'SELECT * FROM wall';

// Connect to and select database
$link = mysql_connect($dbhost, $dbuser, $dbpass)
  or die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
echo "Connected successfully\n<br />\n";
mysql_select_db($dbname) or die('Could not select database');

// create table
$result = mysql_query($create_table) or die('Create Table failed: ' . mysql_error());

// handle new wall posts
if (isset($_POST["title"])) {
  $result = mysql_query("insert into wall (title, content) values ('".$_POST["title"]."', '".$_POST["content"]."')") or die('Create Table failed: ' . mysql_error());
}

// Performing SQL query
$result = mysql_query($select_wall) or die('Query failed: ' . mysql_error());

// Printing results in HTML
echo "<table>\n";
while ($line = mysql_fetch_array($result, MYSQL_ASSOC)) {
  echo "\t<tr>\n";
  foreach ($line as $col_value) {
    echo "\t\t<td>$col_value</td>\n";
  }
  echo "\t</tr>\n";
}
echo "</table>\n";

// Free resultset
mysql_free_result($result);

// Closing connection
mysql_close($link);
?>

<form method="post">
Title: <input type="text" name="title"><br />
Message: <textarea name="content"></textarea><br />
<input type="submit" value="Post to wall">
</form>

把这三个文件放在同一目录

进入目录

利用dockerfile生成镜像

docker build -t "local/nginx:v1" .

生成成功后查看句是你

boot2docker:~$ docker images
REPOSITORY     TAG         IMAGE ID      CREATED       VIRTUAL SIZE
local/nginx     v1         9489872e2ebb    25 hours ago    250 MB
local/mysql     v1         b70d2e0f7f9c    26 hours ago    351.1 MB
ubuntu       14.04        9bd07e480c5b    3 days ago     192.7 MB

运行

docker run -d -p 80:80 --link mysql:mysql --name nginx local/nginx:v1

这时通过查看正在运行的容器

boot2docker:~$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID    IMAGE        COMMAND        CREATED       STATUS       PORTS        NAMES
52e430b58579    local/nginx:v1   "/bin/sh -c 'service  21 hours ago    Up 3 seconds    0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp  nginx
c2332dcad7ca    local/mysql:v1   "/usr/bin/mysqld_saf  26 hours ago    Up 11 minutes    3306/tcp       mysql,nginx/mysql

就可以看到nginx和mysql两个运行中的容器，其中nginx通过link连接到了mysql容器，

通过

--link mysql:mysql

命令，把mysql容器的地址加入到了nginx父容器的host文件中，此后，通过访问别名mysql，就可以访问到数据库了。

浏览器访问：192.168.59.103/wall.php，就可访问刚搭好的web服务器

8.持载目录到容器中

我们希望持载一个本地目录到容器中，以后存放可能需要修改的web内容，这里我们通过

-v /Users/lyc/web:/usr/share/nginx/html

把的本地目录到容器中，存放web目录内容，这样就可以把wall.php之类的web文件放在/Users/lyc/web目录，供容器访问

但是因为mac环境下host主机为virtualbox，因此我们先要绑定mac下的目录到虚拟机中

首先停止boot2docker

> boot2docker down

然后

> curl http://static.dockerfiles.io/boot2docker-v1.2.0-virtualbox-guest-additions-v4.3.14.iso > ~/.boot2docker/boot2docker.iso

> VBoxManage sharedfolder add boot2docker-vm -name home -hostpath /Users
> boot2docker up

重新连docker后

先删除原先停止的容器

docker rm mysql
docker rm nginx

启动容器时挂载我们的目录到nginx的目录中

docker run -d -p 3306:3306 --name mysql mysqldb
docker run -d -p 80:80 -v /Users/lyc/web:/usr/share/nginx/html --link mysql:mysql --name nginx local/nginx:v1

这样就可以修改/Users/lyc/web中的内容来更新/usr/share/nginx/html了

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