Python3+Requests+Excel完整接口自动化测试框架的实现

框架整体使用Python3+Requests+Excel：包含对实时token的获取

1、------base

-------runmethond.py

runmethond：对不同的请求方式进行封装

import json
import requests

requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings()

class RunMethod:
  def post_main(self, url, data, header=None):
    res = None
    if header != None:
      res = requests.post(url=url, data=data, headers=header,verify=False)
    else:
      res = requests.post(url=url, data=data,verify=False)
    return res.json()

  def get_main(self, url, data=None, header=None):
    res = None
    if header != None:
      res = requests.get(url=url, params=data, headers=header, verify=False)
    else:
      res = requests.get(url=url, params=data, verify=False)
    return res.json()

  def run_main(self, method, url, data=None, header=None):
    res = None
    if method == 'Post':
      res = self.post_main(url, data, header)
    else:
      res = self.get_main(url, data, header)
    return json.dumps(res, indent=2, sort_keys=True, ensure_ascii=False)

if __name__ == '__main__':
  url = 'http://httpbin.org/post'
  data = {
    'cart': '11'
  }
  run = RunMethod()
  run_test = run.run_main(method="Post", url=url, data=data)
  print(run_test)

2、------data

------data_config.py

data_config：获取excel模块中数据

class global_val:
  Id = '0'
  request_name = '1'
  url = '2'
  run = '3'
  request_way = '4'
  header = '5'
  case_depend = '6'
  data_depend = '7'
  field_depend = '8'
  data = '9'
  expect = '10'
  result = '11'

def get_id():
  """获取case_id"""
  return global_val.Id

def get_request_name():
  """获取请求模块名称"""
  return global_val.request_name

def get_url():
  """获取请求url"""
  return global_val.url

def get_run():
  """获取是否运行"""
  return global_val.run

def get_run_way():
  """获取请求方式"""
  return global_val.request_way

def get_header():
  """获取是否携带header"""
  return global_val.header

def get_case_depend():
  """case依赖"""
  return global_val.case_depend

def get_data_depend():
  """依赖的返回数据"""
  return global_val.data_depend

def get_field_depend():
  """数据依赖字段"""
  return global_val.field_depend

def get_data():
  """获取请求数据"""
  return global_val.data

def get_expect():
  """获取预期结果"""
  return global_val.expect

def get_result():
  """获取返回结果"""
  return global_val.result

3、-----data

-----dependent_data.py

dependent_data：解决数据依赖问题

from util.operation_excel import OperationExcel
from base.runmethod import RunMethod
from data.get_data import GetData
from jsonpath_rw import jsonpath, parse
import json

class DependentData:
  """解决数据依赖问题"""

  def __init__(self, case_id):
    self.case_id = case_id
    self.opera_excel = OperationExcel()
    self.data = GetData()

  def get_case_line_data(self):
    """
    通过case_id去获取该case_id的整行数据
    :param case_id: 用例ID
    :return:
    """
    rows_data = self.opera_excel.get_row_data(self.case_id)
    return rows_data

  def run_dependent(self):
    """
    执行依赖测试，获取结果
    :return:
    """
    run_method = RunMethod()
    row_num = self.opera_excel.get_row_num(self.case_id)
    request_data = self.data.get_data_for_json(row_num)
    # header = self.data.is_header(row_num)
    method = self.data.get_request_method(row_num)
    url = self.data.get_request_url(row_num)
    res = run_method.run_main(method, url, request_data)
    return json.loads(res)

  def get_data_for_key(self, row):
    """
    根据依赖的key去获取执行依赖case的响应然后返回
    :return:
    """
    depend_data = self.data.get_depend_key(row)
    response_data = self.run_dependent()
    return [match.value for match in parse(depend_data).find(response_data)][0]

4、-----data

-----get_data.py

get_data：获取excel数据

from util.operation_excel import OperationExcel
from data import data_config
from util.operation_json import OperationJson

class GetData:
  """获取excel数据"""

  def __init__(self):
    self.opera_excel = OperationExcel()

  def get_case_lines(self):
    """获取excel行数，即case的个数"""
    return self.opera_excel.get_lines()

  def get_is_run(self, row):
    """获取是否执行"""
    flag = None
    col = int(data_config.get_run())
    run_model = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row, col)
    if run_model == 'yes':
      flag = True
    else:
      flag = False
    return flag

  def is_header(self, row):
    """
    是否携带header
    :param row: 行号
    :return:
    """
    col = int(data_config.get_header())
    header = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row, col)
    if header != '':
      return header
    else:
      return None

  def get_request_method(self, row):
    """
    获取请求方式
    :param row: 行号
    :return:
    """
    # col 列
    col = int(data_config.get_run_way())
    request_method = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row, col)
    return request_method

  def get_request_url(self, row):
    """
    获取url
    :param row: 行号
    :return:
    """
    col = int(data_config.get_url())
    url = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row, col)
    return url

  def get_request_data(self, row):
    """
    获取请求数据
    :param row:行号
    :return:
    """
    col = int(data_config.get_data())
    data = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row, col)
    if data == '':
      return None
    return data

  def get_data_for_json(self, row):
    """
    通过关键字拿到data数据
    :param row:
    :return:
    """
    opera_json = OperationJson()
    request_data = opera_json.get_data(self.get_request_data(row))
    return request_data

  def get_expcet_data(self, row):
    """
    获取预期结果
    :param row:
    :return:
    """
    col = int(data_config.get_expect())
    expect = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row, col)
    if expect == "":
      return None
    else:
      return expect

  def write_result(self, row, value):
    """
    写入结果数据
    :param row:
    :param col:
    :return:
    """
    col = int(data_config.get_result())
    self.opera_excel.write_value(row, col, value)

  def get_depend_key(self, row):
    """
    获取依赖数据的key
    :param row:行号
    :return:
    """
    col = int(data_config.get_data_depend())
    depend_key = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row, col)
    if depend_key == "":
      return None
    else:
      return depend_key

  def is_depend(self, row):
    """
    判断是否有case依赖
    :param row:行号
    :return:
    """
    col = int(data_config.get_case_depend()) # 获取是否存在数据依赖列
    depend_case_id = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row, col)
    if depend_case_id == "":
      return None
    else:
      return depend_case_id

  def get_depend_field(self, row):
    """
    获取依赖字段
    :param row:
    :return:
    """
    col = int(data_config.get_field_depend())
    data = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row, col)
    if data == "":
      return None
    else:
      return data

5、-----dataconfig

-----case.xls

case.xls：用例数据

6、-----dataconfig

-----data.json

data.json：请求数据，根据自己实际业务，且与case层的请求数据列是关联的

{
 "user": {
  "username": "1111111",
  "password": "123456"
 },
 "filtrate": {
  "type_id": "2",
  "brand_id": "1",
  "model_id": "111"
 },
 "search": {
  "page": "1",
  "keyword": "oppo",
  "type": "12"
 },
 "token": {
  "token": ""
 }

7、-----dataconfig

-----token.json

token.json：实时自动将获取的token写入到该文件

{"data": {"token": "db6f0abee4e5040f5337f5c47a82879"}}

8、-----main

-----run_test.py

run_test：主运行程序

from base.runmethod import RunMethod
from data.get_data import GetData
from util.common_util import CommonUtil
from data.dependent_data import DependentData
# from util.send_email import SendEmail
from util.operation_header import OperationHeader
from util.operation_json import OperationJson

class RunTest:

  def __init__(self):
    self.run_method = RunMethod()
    self.data = GetData()
    self.com_util = CommonUtil()
    # self.send_email = SendEmail()

  def go_on_run(self):
    """程序执行"""
    pass_count = []
    fail_count = []
    res = None
    # 获取用例数
    rows_count = self.data.get_case_lines()
    # 第一行索引为0
    for i in range(1, rows_count):
      is_run = self.data.get_is_run(i)
      if is_run:
        url = self.data.get_request_url(i)
        method = self.data.get_request_method(i)
        request_data = self.data.get_data_for_json(i)
        expect = self.data.get_expcet_data(i)
        header = self.data.is_header(i)
        depend_case = self.data.is_depend(i)

        if depend_case != None:
          self.depend_data = DependentData(depend_case)
          # 获取依赖的响应数据
          depend_response_data = self.depend_data.get_data_for_key(i)
          # 获取依赖的key
          depend_key = self.data.get_depend_field(i)
          # 更新请求字段
          request_data[depend_key] = depend_response_data
        # 如果header字段值为write则将该接口的返回的token写入到token.json文件，如果为yes则读取token.json文件
        if header == "write":
          res = self.run_method.run_main(method, url, request_data)
          op_header = OperationHeader(res)
          op_header.write_token()
        elif header == 'yes':
          op_json = OperationJson("../dataconfig/token.json")
          token = op_json.get_data('data')
          request_data = dict(request_data, **token) # 把请求数据与登录token合并，并作为请求数据

          res = self.run_method.run_main(method, url, request_data)
        else:
          res = self.run_method.run_main(method, url, request_data)

        if expect != None:
          if self.com_util.is_contain(expect, res):
            self.data.write_result(i, "Pass")
            pass_count.append(i)
          else:
            self.data.write_result(i, res)
            fail_count.append(i)
        else:
          print(f"用例ID：case-{i}，预期结果不能为空")

    # 发送邮件
    # self.send_email.send_main(pass_count, fail_count)

    print(f"通过用例数：{len(pass_count)}")
    print(f"失败用例数：{len(fail_count)}")

if __name__ == '__main__':
  run = RunTest()
  run.go_on_run()

9、-----util

-----common_util.py

common_util：用于断言

class CommonUtil:
  def is_contain(self, str_one, str_two):
    """
    判断一个字符串是否在另一个字符串中
    :param str_one:
    :param str_two:
    :return:
    """
    flag = None
    if str_one in str_two:
      flag = True
    else:
      flag = False
    return flag

10、-----util

-----operation_excel.py

operation_excel：操作excel

import xlrd
from xlutils.copy import copy

class OperationExcel:
  """操作excel"""

  def __init__(self, file_name=None, sheet_id=None):
    if file_name:
      self.file_name = file_name
      self.sheet_id = sheet_id
    else:
      self.file_name ='../dataconfig/case1.xls'
      self.sheet_id = 0
    self.data = self.get_data()

  def get_data(self):
    """
    获取sheets的内容
    :return:
    """
    data = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file_name)
    tables = data.sheets()[self.sheet_id]
    return tables

  def get_lines(self):
    """
    获取单元格行数
    :return:
    """
    tables = self.data
    return tables.nrows

  def get_cell_value(self, row, col):
    """
    获取单元格数据
    :param row: 行
    :param col: 列
    :return:
    """
    tables = self.data
    cell = tables.cell_value(row, col)
    return cell

  def write_value(self, row, col, value):
    """
    回写数据到excel
    :param row:行
    :param col:列
    :param value:值
    :return:
    """
    read_data = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file_name)
    write_data = copy(read_data)
    sheet_data = write_data.get_sheet(0)
    sheet_data.write(row, col, value)
    write_data.save(self.file_name)

  def get_row_data(self, case_id):
    """
    根据对应的case_id获取对应行的内容
    :param case_id: 用例id
    :return:
    """
    row_num = self.get_row_num(case_id)
    row_data = self.get_row_value(row_num)
    return row_data

  def get_row_num(self, case_id):
    """
    根据case_id获取对应行号
    :param case_id:
    :return:
    """
    num = 0
    cols_data = self.get_cols_data()
    for col_data in cols_data:
      if case_id in col_data:
        return num
      num = num + 1

  def get_row_value(self, row):
    """
     根据行号，找到该行的内容
    :param row:行号
    :return:

    """
    tables = self.data
    row_data = tables.row_values(row)
    return row_data

  def get_cols_data(self, col_id=None):
    """
    获取某一列的内容
    :param col_id:列号
    :return:
    """
    if col_id != None:
      cols = self.data.col_values(col_id)
    else:
      cols = self.data.col_values(0)
    return cols

if __name__ == '__main__':
  opera = OperationExcel()
  opera.get_data()
  print(opera.get_data().nrows)
  print(opera.get_lines())
  print(opera.get_cell_value(1, 2))

11、-----util

-----operation_header.py

operation_header：实时获取登录token及将token写入到token.json文件

import json
from util.operation_json import OperationJson
from base.runmethod import RunMethod
class OperationHeader:

  def __init__(self, response):
    self.response = json.loads(response)

  def get_response_token(self):
    '''
    获取登录返回的token
    '''
    token = {"data":{"token":self.response['data']['token']}}
    return token

  def write_token(self):
    op_json = OperationJson()
    op_json.write_data(self.get_response_token())

if __name__ == '__main__':

  url = "http://xxxxx"

  data = {
    "username": "1111",
    "password": "123456"
  }
  run_method=RunMethod()
  # res = json.dumps(requests.post(url, data).json())
  res=run_method.run_main('Post', url, data)
  op = OperationHeader(res)
  op.write_token()

12、-----util

-----operation_json.py

operation_json：操作json文件

import json

class OperationJson:
  """操作json文件"""

  def __init__(self,file_path=None):
    if file_path==None:
      self.file_path="../dataconfig/data.json"
    else:
      self.file_path=file_path
    self.data = self.read_data()

  def read_data(self):
    """
    读取json文件
    :param file_name:文件路径
    :return:
    """
    with open(self.file_path) as fp:
      data = json.load(fp)
      return data

  def get_data(self, id):
    """根据关键字获取对应数据"""
    return self.data[id]

  # 写入json
  def write_data(self, data):
    with open("../dataconfig/token.json", 'w') as fp:
      fp.write(json.dumps(data))

if __name__ == '__main__':
  # file_path = "../dataconfig/data.json"
  opejson = OperationJson()
  print(opejson.read_data())
  print(opejson.get_data('filtrate'))

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持我们。