SpringMVC使用注解实现登录功能
本文实例为大家分享了SpringMVC使用注解实现登录的具体代码,供大家参考,具体内容如下
一、使用Component\Controller\Service\Repository四大注解类:
- @Component 是通用标注
- @Controller 标注 web 控制器
- @Service 标注 Servicec 层的服务
- @Respository 标注 DAO层的数据访问
这些注解都是类级别的,可以不带任何参数,也可以带一个参数,代表bean名字,在进行注入的时候就可以通过名字进行注入了。
二、@Resource和@Autowired注解的异同
- @Autowired默认按类型装配,默认情况下必须要求依赖对象必须存在,如果要允许null值,可以设置它的required属性为false
例如:@Autowired(required=false),如果我们想使用名称装配可以结合@Qualifier注解进行使用
- @Resource,默认安装名称进行装配,名称可以通过name属性进行指定,如果没有指定name属性,当注解写在字段上时,默认取字段名进行安装名称查找 ,如果注解写在setter方法上默认取属性名进行装配 。当找不到与名称匹配的bean时才按照类型进行装配。但是需要注意的是,如果name属性一旦指定,就只会按照名称进行装配。
三、其他注解类
(1) PathVariable注解类
@RequestMapping注解中使用占位符的情况下,需要使用@PathVariable注解指定占位符参数
(2) RequestParam注解类
表单提交数据时,可以通过这个注解来解决request.getParameter("uname")
(3) CookieValue注解类
如果要保存字符串数据,可以使用这个注解
(4) SessionAttributes注解类
如果希望在多个请求之间公用某个模型属性数据,则可以在控制器类标注一个@SessionAttributes,SpringMVC会将模型中对应的属性暂存到HttpSerssion中除了SessionAttributes,还可以直接用原生态的request.getSession()来处理
(5) ResponseBody注解类
用于将Controller的方法返回的对象,通过适当的HttpMessageConverter(转换器)转换为指定格式后,写入到Response对象的body数据区; 返回如json、xml等时使用
(6)RequestHeader注解类
@RequestHeader注解,可以把Request请求header部分的值绑定到方法的参数上
四、应用注解来实现登录
(1)、创建工程如下:
(2)、配置文件pom.xml(主要是修改:dependencies的内容)
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>springmvc</groupId> <artifactId>springmvc</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name /> <description /> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.1.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>4.1.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1-b05</version> </dependency> <!-- jackson start --> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.1.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.1.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>2.1.0</version> </dependency> <!-- jackson end --> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>springmvc</finalName> <sourceDirectory>${basedir}/src</sourceDirectory> <outputDirectory>${basedir}/WebRoot/WEB-INF/classes</outputDirectory> <resources> <resource> <directory>${basedir}/src</directory> <excludes> <exclude>**/*.java</exclude> </excludes> </resource> </resources> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <webappDirectory>${basedir}/WebRoot</webappDirectory> <warSourceDirectory>${basedir}/WebRoot</warSourceDirectory> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <source>1.6</source> <target>1.6</target> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
(3)spring-mvc.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd "> <!-- 自动扫描 com.hlx 包下面的所有组件(使用了springmvc注解)--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.hlx.*" /> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"> <property name="messageConverters"> <util:list > <!-- 配置处理JSON数据 --> <ref bean="mappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter" /> </util:list> </property> </bean> <!-- 读写JSON对象 --> <bean id="mappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"> <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value> </list> </property> </bean> </beans>
(4)web.xml文件同前一个springmvc中的文件相同
(5)JSP页面(省略)
(6)创建src/main/java 下 bean,dao.service,controller
package com.hlx.bean; public class User { private String uname; private String upass; public String getUname() { return uname; } public void setUname(String uname) { this.uname = uname; } public String getUpass() { return upass; } public void setUpass(String upass) { this.upass = upass; } public User() { super(); } public User(String uname, String upass) { super(); this.uname = uname; this.upass = upass; } @Override public String toString() { return "User [uname=" + uname + ", upass=" + upass + "]"; } }
package com.hlx.dao; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import com.hlx.bean.User; @Repository public class UserDao { /** * 根据用户名来查询 * @param uname * @return */ public User selectByName(String uname) { if ("admin".equals(uname)) { User user = new User("admin", "aaa"); return user; } return null; } }
package com.hlx.service; import javax.annotation.Resource; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import com.hlx.bean.User; import com.hlx.dao.UserDao; @Service public class UserService { @Resource private UserDao userDao; /** * 登录处理 * @param uname * @param upass * @return * @throws Exception */ public User doLogin(String uname, String upass) throws Exception { // 判断 if (uname == null || "".equals(uname)) { throw new Exception("用户名不能为空!"); } if (upass == null || "".equals(upass)) { throw new Exception("密码不能为空!"); } User user = userDao.selectByName(uname); if (user == null) { throw new Exception("用户名不存在!"); } if (!user.getUpass().equals(upass)) { throw new Exception("密码不正确!"); } return user; } }
package com.hlx.controller; import javax.annotation.Resource; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.SessionAttributes; import org.springframework.web.bind.support.SessionStatus; import com.hlx.bean.User; import com.hlx.service.UserService; @Controller @SessionAttributes("user") //保存user对象 public class UserController { //业务层 @Resource private UserService userService; @RequestMapping("login") public String toLoginPage(){ return "jsp/login.jsp"; } /** * * @param uname 表单传过来的参数 * @param upass * @param request 请求对象 * @return */ @RequestMapping(value="dologin",method=RequestMethod.POST) public String doLogin(@RequestParam String uname,@RequestParam String upass,HttpServletRequest request,ModelMap map){ try { //调用方法 User user=userService.doLogin(uname,upass); //存入user map.put("user", user); /// } catch (Exception e) { // TODO: handle exception request.setAttribute("error", e.getMessage()); //提示错误消息 return "jsp/login.jsp"; //返回登录页面 } return "jsp/success.jsp"; } /** * 退出 * @return */ @RequestMapping("dologout") public String doLogout(SessionStatus status){ //清空session status.setComplete(); //返回登录页面 return "jsp/login.jsp"; } }
效果:
package com.hlx.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import com.hlx.bean.User; @Controller public class JSONController { @ResponseBody @RequestMapping("/getJson") public User getUserinfo(){ User user = new User("mike", "123456"); return user; } }
效果:
package com.hlx.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import com.hlx.bean.User; @Controller public class PathVariableControler { @ResponseBody @RequestMapping("/pathvariable/{uname}") public User test1(@PathVariable String uname){ User user = new User(); user.setUname("john"); return user; } @ResponseBody @RequestMapping("/pathvariable2/{intval}") public User test1(@PathVariable Integer intval){ User user = new User(); user.setUname(intval + ""); return user; } }
效果:
注意:这里是数字
注意:这里只能是数字,不能字符串,否则找不到页面!
总结:
应用了四大注解类Component、Controller、Service、Repository;掌握PathVariable,RequestParam注解类
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持我们。