java 获取中文拼音首字母及全拼的实践

使用Hutool工具类 官网链接

以下为Hutool支持的拼音库的pom坐标，你可以选择任意一个引入项目中，如果引入多个，Hutool会按照以上顺序选择第一个使用。

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.github.biezhi</groupId>
    <artifactId>TinyPinyin</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.belerweb</groupId>
    <artifactId>pinyin4j</artifactId>
    <version>2.5.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.stuxuhai</groupId>
    <artifactId>jpinyin</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.8</version>
</dependency>

使用链接

查看Hutool最新版本

           <!--词库-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.github.biezhi</groupId>
            <artifactId>TinyPinyin</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
           <!--Hutool工具类-->
        <dependency>
           <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
           <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
           <version>5.8.4</version>
        </dependency>

import cn.hutool.extra.pinyin.PinyinUtil;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 获取全部汉字首字母，第二个参数为分隔符
        String str1 = PinyinUtil.getFirstLetter("测试","-"); //c-s
        // 返回全部拼音 默认分隔符为空格，可以添加第二个参数分隔符
        String str2 = PinyinUtil.getPinyin("测试"); // ce shi
        String str3 = PinyinUtil.getPinyin("测试","-");// ce-shi
    }
}

判断字符串是否为中文

 //判断是否为中文
    private static Boolean isChinese(String str) {
        if (str.trim().matches("[\u4E00-\u9FA5]+")) {
            return true;
        } else return false;
    }

PS：其他实现方法

第一种:

直接上代码(有个别中文无法识别):

 import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
/**
 *
 * @author yuki_ho
 *
 */
public class ChineseCharToEnUtil {
      private final static int[] li_SecPosValue = { 1601, 1637, 1833, 2078, 2274,
                2302, 2433, 2594, 2787, 3106, 3212, 3472, 3635, 3722, 3730, 3858,
                4027, 4086, 4390, 4558, 4684, 4925, 5249, 5590 };
        private final static String[] lc_FirstLetter = { "a", "b", "c", "d", "e",
                "f", "g", "h", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s",
                "t", "w", "x", "y", "z" };  

        /**
         * 取得给定汉字串的首字母串,即声母串
         * @param str 给定汉字串
         * @return 声母串
         */
        public String getAllFirstLetter(String str) {
            if (str == null || str.trim().length() == 0) {
                return "";
            }  

            String _str = "";
            for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
                _str = _str + this.getFirstLetter(str.substring(i, i + 1));
            }  

            return _str;
        }  

        /**
         * 取得给定汉字的首字母,即声母
         * @param chinese 给定的汉字
         * @return 给定汉字的声母
         */
        public String getFirstLetter(String chinese) {
            if (chinese == null || chinese.trim().length() == 0) {
                return "";
            }
            chinese = this.conversionStr(chinese, "GB2312", "ISO8859-1");  

            if (chinese.length() > 1) // 判断是不是汉字
            {
                int li_SectorCode = (int) chinese.charAt(0); // 汉字区码
                int li_PositionCode = (int) chinese.charAt(1); // 汉字位码
                li_SectorCode = li_SectorCode - 160;
                li_PositionCode = li_PositionCode - 160;
                int li_SecPosCode = li_SectorCode * 100 + li_PositionCode; // 汉字区位码
                if (li_SecPosCode > 1600 && li_SecPosCode < 5590) {
                    for (int i = 0; i < 23; i++) {
                        if (li_SecPosCode >= li_SecPosValue[i]
                                && li_SecPosCode < li_SecPosValue[i + 1]) {
                            chinese = lc_FirstLetter[i];
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                } else // 非汉字字符,如图形符号或ASCII码
                {
                    chinese = this.conversionStr(chinese, "ISO8859-1", "GB2312");
                    chinese = chinese.substring(0, 1);
                }
            }  

            return chinese;
        }  

        /**
         * 字符串编码转换
         * @param str 要转换编码的字符串
         * @param charsetName 原来的编码
         * @param toCharsetName 转换后的编码
         * @return 经过编码转换后的字符串
         */
        private String conversionStr(String str, String charsetName,String toCharsetName) {
            try {
                str = new String(str.getBytes(charsetName), toCharsetName);
            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException ex) {
                System.out.println("字符串编码转换异常：" + ex.getMessage());
            }
            return str;
        }  

        public static void main(String[] args) {
            ChineseCharToEnUtil cte = new ChineseCharToEnUtil();
            System.out.println("获取拼音首字母："+ cte.getAllFirstLetter("广州"));
        }  

}

第二种:

所需包:net.sourceforge.pinyin4j

import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.PinyinHelper;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinCaseType;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinOutputFormat;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinToneType;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinVCharType;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.exception.BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination;
/**
 *
 * @author yuki_ho
 * @time   2017-07-25
 */
public class ChineseCharToEnUtil {

   /**
     * 将字符串中的中文转化为拼音,其他字符不变
     *
     * @param inputString
     * @return
     */
    public static String getPingYin(String inputString) {
        HanyuPinyinOutputFormat format = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat();
        format.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE);
        format.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE);
        format.setVCharType(HanyuPinyinVCharType.WITH_V);

        char[] input = inputString.trim().toCharArray();
        String output = "";

        try {
            for (int i = 0; i < input.length; i++) {
                if (java.lang.Character.toString(input[i]).matches("[\\u4E00-\\u9FA5]+")) {
                    String[] temp = PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(input[i], format);
                    output += temp[0];
                } else
                    output += java.lang.Character.toString(input[i]);
            }
        } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return output;
    }
    /**
     * 获取汉字串拼音首字母，英文字符不变
     * @param chinese 汉字串
     * @return 汉语拼音首字母
     */
    public static String getFirstSpell(String chinese) {
            StringBuffer pybf = new StringBuffer();
            char[] arr = chinese.toCharArray();
            HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat();
            defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE);
            defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE);
            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
                    if (arr[i] > 128) {
                            try {
                                    String[] temp = PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(arr[i], defaultFormat);
                                    if (temp != null) {
                                            pybf.append(temp[0].charAt(0));
                                    }
                            } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) {
                                    e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                    } else {
                            pybf.append(arr[i]);
                    }
            }
            return pybf.toString().replaceAll("\\W", "").trim();
    }
    /**
     * 获取汉字串拼音，英文字符不变
     * @param chinese 汉字串
     * @return 汉语拼音
     */
    public static String getFullSpell(String chinese) {
            StringBuffer pybf = new StringBuffer();
            char[] arr = chinese.toCharArray();
            HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat();
            defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE);
            defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE);
            for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
                    if (arr[i] > 128) {
                            try {
                                    pybf.append(PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(arr[i], defaultFormat)[0]);
                            } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) {
                                    e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                    } else {
                            pybf.append(arr[i]);
                    }
            }
            return pybf.toString();
    }  

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        String cnStr = "讴萘";
        System.out.println("讴萘-->" + getPingYin(cnStr));
        String s = getFirstSpell("讴萘");
        System.out.println("讴萘-->" + s);
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(s);
        if (sb.length() > 1)
        {
            String ss = sb.delete(1, sb.length()).toString();
            System.out.println("讴萘-->"
                    + Character.toUpperCase(ss.toCharArray()[0]) + "");
        }
    }
}

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