Spring声明式事务注解之@EnableTransactionManagement解析
Spring声明式事务注解之@EnableTransactionManagement
1. 说明
@EnableTransactionManagement声明在主配置类上,表示开启声明式事务,其原理是通过@Import导入TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector组件,然后又通过TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector导入组件AutoProxyRegistrar和ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration;
2. 原理分析
@EnableTransactionManagement代码实现如下:
@Target(ElementType.TYPE) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Documented // 通过@Import导入TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector组件 @Import(TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector.class) public @interface EnableTransactionManagement { boolean proxyTargetClass() default false; AdviceMode mode() default AdviceMode.PROXY; int order() default Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE; }
@EnableTransactionManagement通过@Import导入TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector;
TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector的实现如下:
public class TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector extends AdviceModeImportSelector<EnableTransactionManagement> { /** * {@inheritDoc} * @return {@link ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration} or * {@code AspectJTransactionManagementConfiguration} for {@code PROXY} and * {@code ASPECTJ} values of {@link EnableTransactionManagement#mode()}, respectively */ @Override protected String[] selectImports(AdviceMode adviceMode) { switch (adviceMode) { case PROXY: // 根据@EnableTransactionManagement的固定值PROXY,这里会导入AutoProxyRegistrar组件和ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration组件 return new String[] {AutoProxyRegistrar.class.getName(), ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration.class.getName()}; case ASPECTJ: return new String[] {TransactionManagementConfigUtils.TRANSACTION_ASPECT_CONFIGURATION_CLASS_NAME}; default: return null; } } }
所以TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector又导入了组件AutoProxyRegistrar和ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration;
3. AutoProxyRegistrar分析
3.1 AutoProxyRegistrar继承关系
InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator --AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator --AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator --ProxyProcessorSupport --SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor // 跟AOP是原理是一样的 --InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor --BeanPostProcessor --BeanFactoryAware
3.2 AutoProxyRegistrar的所用
AutoProxyRegistrar的作用跟AOP中的AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator是一样的,利用后置处理器机制在对象创建以后,包装对象,返回一个代理对象(增强器),代理对象执行方法利用拦截器链进行调用;InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator继承SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor,跟AOP的原理是一样的,也是通过@Transactional作为方法拦截的标记,把有事务管理的类作为目标类,生成代理对象,然后增强@Transactional标记的方法,在使用目标方法的时候,从IOC容器中获取的其实是被增强的代理类,且事务方法会被代理,跟AOP原理一样的;
4. ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration分析
ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration是一个配置类,想IOC容器中导入事务增强器(BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor),事务注解@Transactional的解析器(AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource)和事务方法拦截器(TransactionInterceptor);
package org.springframework.transaction.annotation; import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanDefinition; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Role; import org.springframework.transaction.config.TransactionManagementConfigUtils; import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor; import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttributeSource; import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor; @Configuration public class ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration extends AbstractTransactionManagementConfiguration { /** 事务增强器(Advisor),在事务类创建的时候,被AutoProxyRegistrar导入的组件InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator拦截, InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator拦截的逻就是增强事务类的事务方法, 而BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor作为增强器, 与需要增强的方法(这里是指被@Transactional标记的方法)进行匹配,匹配成功的增强器,最后转成拦截器(MethodInterceptor, 就是下面的TransactionInterceptor),然后与目标方法一起在拦截器链中被执行,达到方法增强的效果; BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor的继承关系如下: BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor --AbstractBeanFactoryPointcutAdvisor --AbstractPointcutAdvisor --PointcutAdvisor --Advisor AOP中AspectJPointcutAdvisor的继承关系如下,与AbstractPointcutAdvisor一样,都实现PointcutAdvisor --AspectJPointcutAdvisor --PointcutAdvisor --Advisor */ @Bean(name = TransactionManagementConfigUtils.TRANSACTION_ADVISOR_BEAN_NAME) @Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE) public BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor transactionAdvisor() { BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor advisor = new BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor(); advisor.setTransactionAttributeSource(transactionAttributeSource()); advisor.setAdvice(transactionInterceptor()); advisor.setOrder(this.enableTx.<Integer>getNumber("order")); return advisor; } /** @Transactional注解的解析类;负责解析事务方法上@Transactional中的各个参数配置,解析的时机是在创建事务类之后被增强的时候, 匹配事务方法的时候一起被解析了 AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource的继承关系如下: AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource --AbstractFallbackTransactionAttributeSource --TransactionAttributeSource 通过方法org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.AbstractFallbackTransactionAttributeSource.getTransactionAttribute(Method, Class<?>) 解析出事务信息TransactionAttribute; AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource在方法findTransactionAttribute(Class<?>)中依赖于SpringTransactionAnnotationParser在解析事务类时, 绑定事务方法与增强器的时候进行@Transactional注解解析; */ @Bean @Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE) public TransactionAttributeSource transactionAttributeSource() { return new AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource(); } /** 被@Transactional标记的事务方法的拦截器,实际是一个MethodInterceptor 保存了事务属性信息,事务管理器; 在目标方法执行的时候;执行拦截器链; */ @Bean @Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE) public TransactionInterceptor transactionInterceptor() { TransactionInterceptor interceptor = new TransactionInterceptor(); interceptor.setTransactionAttributeSource(transactionAttributeSource()); if (this.txManager != null) { interceptor.setTransactionManager(this.txManager); } return interceptor; } }
在SpringTransactionAnnotationParser中parseTransactionAnnotation方法来解析@Transactional中的各个参数,其具体代码如下:
protected TransactionAttribute parseTransactionAnnotation(AnnotationAttributes attributes) { RuleBasedTransactionAttribute rbta = new RuleBasedTransactionAttribute(); Propagation propagation = attributes.getEnum("propagation"); rbta.setPropagationBehavior(propagation.value()); Isolation isolation = attributes.getEnum("isolation"); rbta.setIsolationLevel(isolation.value()); rbta.setTimeout(attributes.getNumber("timeout").intValue()); rbta.setReadOnly(attributes.getBoolean("readOnly")); rbta.setQualifier(attributes.getString("value")); ArrayList<RollbackRuleAttribute> rollBackRules = new ArrayList<RollbackRuleAttribute>(); Class<?>[] rbf = attributes.getClassArray("rollbackFor"); for (Class<?> rbRule : rbf) { RollbackRuleAttribute rule = new RollbackRuleAttribute(rbRule); rollBackRules.add(rule); } String[] rbfc = attributes.getStringArray("rollbackForClassName"); for (String rbRule : rbfc) { RollbackRuleAttribute rule = new RollbackRuleAttribute(rbRule); rollBackRules.add(rule); } Class<?>[] nrbf = attributes.getClassArray("noRollbackFor"); for (Class<?> rbRule : nrbf) { NoRollbackRuleAttribute rule = new NoRollbackRuleAttribute(rbRule); rollBackRules.add(rule); } String[] nrbfc = attributes.getStringArray("noRollbackForClassName"); for (String rbRule : nrbfc) { NoRollbackRuleAttribute rule = new NoRollbackRuleAttribute(rbRule); rollBackRules.add(rule); } rbta.getRollbackRules().addAll(rollBackRules); return rbta; }
spring 事务 @EnableTransactionManagement原理
@EnableXXX原理:注解上有个XXXRegistrar,或通过XXXSelector引入XXXRegistrar,XXXRegistrar实现了ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar的registerBeanDefinitions方法,给容器注册XXXCreator。
这个Creator实现了后置处理器,后置处理器在对象创建以后,包装对象,返回一个代理对象,代理对象执行方法利用拦截器链进行调用
1)、@EnableTransactionManagement
利用TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector给容器中会导入组件
导入两个组件
AutoProxyRegistrar ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration
2)、AutoProxyRegistrar:
给容器中注册一个 InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator 组件;
利用后置处理器机制在对象创建以后,包装对象,返回一个代理对象(增强器),代理对象执行方法利用拦截器链进行调用;
3)、ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration是个@Configuration
1、给容器中注册事务增强器transactionAdvisor;
1)、事务增强器要用事务注解的信息,AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource解析事务注解
2)、事务拦截器transactionInterceptor:
TransactionInterceptor;保存了事务属性信息,事务管理器;
TransactionInterceptor是一个 MethodInterceptor;
在目标方法执行的时候;
执行拦截器链;
只有事务拦截器:
1)、先获取事务相关的属性
2)、再获取PlatformTransactionManager,如果事先没有添加指定任何transactionmanger 最终会从容器中按照类型获取一个PlatformTransactionManager;
3)、执行目标方法
如果异常,获取到事务管理器,利用事务管理回滚操作;
如果正常,利用事务管理器,提交事务
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