iOS贝塞尔曲线画哆啦A梦的代码实例

2024-12-19 11:48:55

看到这张图，是不是觉得挺萌的，那是如何实现的呢？在iOS中有一个类叫UIBezierPath（贝塞尔曲线），这两天研究了一下UIBezierPath和CAShapeLayer，根据别人分享的教程，画了这个萌萌的哆啦A梦。

UIBezierPath： UIBezierPath是在 UIKit 中的一个类，继承于NSObject,可以创建基于矢量的路径.此类是Core Graphics框架关于path的一个OC封装。使用此类可以定义常见的圆形、多边形等形状。我们使用直线、弧（arc）来创建复杂的曲线形状。每一个直线段或者曲线段的结束的地方是下一个的开始的地方。每一个连接的直线或者曲线段的集合成为subpath。一个UIBezierPath对象定义一个完整的路径包括一个或者多个subpaths。

CAShapeLayer：继承于CALayer。每个CAShapeLayer对象都代表着将要被渲染到屏幕上的一个任意的形状(shape)。具体的形状由其path(类型为CGPathRef)属性指定。普通的CALayer是矩形，所以需要frame属性。CAShapeLayer它本身没有形状，它的形状来源于其属性path 。CAShapeLayer有不同于CALayer的属性，它从CALayer继承而来的属性在绘制时是不起作用的。

基本用法：

画圆弧： + (instancetype)bezierPathWithArcCenter:(CGPoint)center radius:(CGFloat)radius startAngle:(CGFloat)startAngle endAngle:(CGFloat)endAngle clockwise:(BOOL)clockwise;

center表示圆心
radius表示半径
startAngle表示开始角度
endAngle表示结束角度
clockwise表示是否是顺时针方向

画二元曲线和三元曲线，一般和moveToPoint配合使用。

二元曲线：- (void)addQuadCurveToPoint:(CGPoint)endPoint controlPoint:(CGPoint)controlPoint
三元曲线：- (void)addCurveToPoint:(CGPoint)endPoint controlPoint1:(CGPoint)controlPoint1 controlPoint2:(CGPoint)controlPoint2

其中 endPoint表示:曲线的终点；controlPoint表示:画曲线的基准点

知道基本画法后我们就可以画哆啦A梦了。

1、先画头部。先画一个圆。

//  确定头部所在的圆心
  CGFloat headCornerRadius=80;
  CGFloat arcCenterX=self.view.frame.size.width/2;
  CGFloat arcCenterY= 120+headCornerRadius;

  //画头部
  CAShapeLayer *headLayer=[[CAShapeLayer alloc] init];
  UIBezierPath *headPath=[UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRoundedRect:CGRectMake(self.view.frame.size.width/2-headCornerRadius, 120, headCornerRadius*2, headCornerRadius*2) cornerRadius:headCornerRadius];
  [self setLayer:headLayer path:headPath];

2、画脸部。画一个比头部小点的圆，与头部圆的底部内切。

 //脸
  CAShapeLayer *faceLayer=[CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *facePath=[UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(self.view.frame.size.width/2, 120+headCornerRadius+10) radius:70 startAngle:M_PI endAngle:3*M_PI clockwise:YES];
  [self setLayer:faceLayer path:facePath];

3、画眼部

  //左眼
  CAShapeLayer *leftEyeLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *leftEyePath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
  [leftEyePath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-30, arcCenterY-25)];
  [leftEyePath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-15, arcCenterY-45) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-30, arcCenterY-45)];
  [leftEyePath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY-25) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY-45)];
  [leftEyePath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-15, arcCenterY-5) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY-5)];
  [leftEyePath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-30, arcCenterY-25) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-30, arcCenterY-5)];
  [self setLayer:leftEyeLayer path:leftEyePath];

  //左眼珠
  CAShapeLayer *leftEyeballLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *leftEyeballPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-5, arcCenterY-30) radius:2.5 startAngle:0 endAngle:2*M_PI clockwise:YES];
  [self setLayer:leftEyeballLayer path:leftEyeballPath ];

  //右眼
  CAShapeLayer *rightEyeLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *rightEyePath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
  [rightEyePath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY-25)];
  [rightEyePath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+15, arcCenterY-45) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY-45)];
  [rightEyePath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+30, arcCenterY-25) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+30, arcCenterY-45)];
  [rightEyePath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+15, arcCenterY-5) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+30, arcCenterY-5)];
  [rightEyePath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY-25) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY-5)];
  [self setLayer:rightEyeLayer path:rightEyePath ];

  //右眼珠
  CAShapeLayer *rightEyeballLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *rightEyeballPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+5, arcCenterY-30) radius:2.5 startAngle:0 endAngle:2*M_PI clockwise:YES];
  [self setLayer:rightEyeballLayer path:rightEyeballPath];

4、画鼻子、嘴巴、胡须

  //鼻子
  CAShapeLayer *noseLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *nosePath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY) radius:10 startAngle:0 endAngle:2*M_PI clockwise:YES];
  [self setLayer:noseLayer path:nosePath ];

  //鼻子光晕
  CAShapeLayer *noseHaloLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *noseHaloPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-4, arcCenterY-5) radius:2.5 startAngle:0 endAngle:2*M_PI clockwise:YES];
  [self setLayer:noseHaloLayer path:noseHaloPath ];

  //嘴巴
  CAShapeLayer *mouthLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *mouthPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
  [mouthPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-60, arcCenterY+25)];
  [mouthPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+60, arcCenterY+25) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+90)];
  [self setLayer:mouthLayer path:mouthPath];

  CAShapeLayer *mouthLayer1 = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *mouthPath1 = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
  [mouthPath1 moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+10)];
  [mouthPath1 addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+55)];
  [self setLayer:mouthLayer1 path:mouthPath1];

  //胡须
  [self addBeardFromPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-58, arcCenterY-5) toPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-15, arcCenterY+10) ];
  [self addBeardFromPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-68, arcCenterY+15) toPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-15, arcCenterY+20) ];
  [self addBeardFromPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-61, arcCenterY+45) toPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-15, arcCenterY+30) ];
  [self addBeardFromPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+58, arcCenterY-5) toPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+15, arcCenterY+10) ];
  [self addBeardFromPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+68, arcCenterY+15) toPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+15, arcCenterY+20) ];
  [self addBeardFromPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+61, arcCenterY+45) toPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+15, arcCenterY+30) ];

5、画左手部分

 //左手
  CAShapeLayer *leftHandLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *leftHandPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-95, arcCenterY+110) radius:20 startAngle:0 endAngle:2*M_PI clockwise:YES];
  [self setLayer:leftHandLayer path:leftHandPath ];

  //左胳膊
  CGFloat distanceXToArcCenter = 80*cos(M_PI_2*4/9);
  CGFloat distanceYToArcCenter = 80*sin(M_PI_2*4/9);
  CAShapeLayer *leftArmLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *leftArmPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
  [leftArmPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter)];
  [leftArmPath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-95, arcCenterY+90)];
  [leftArmPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-75, arcCenterY+110) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-92, arcCenterY+107)];
  [leftArmPath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter+1.5, arcCenterY+95)];
  [self setLayer:leftArmLayer path:leftArmPath ];

6、画身体部分

//围巾
  CAShapeLayer *mufflerLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *mufflerPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
  [mufflerPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter)];
  [mufflerPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+109)];
  [mufflerPath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter+2, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter+7)];
  [mufflerPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter-4, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter+5) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+115)];
  [mufflerPath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter)];
  [self setLayer:mufflerLayer path:mufflerPath ];

  //身体
  CAShapeLayer *bodyLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *bodyPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
  [bodyPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter+7)];
  [bodyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter+5, arcCenterY+150) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter+2, arcCenterY+140)];
  [bodyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter+3, arcCenterY+170) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+160)];
  [bodyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-8, arcCenterY+170) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-(distanceXToArcCenter+5)/2, arcCenterY+175)];
  [bodyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+8, arcCenterY+170) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+155)];
  [bodyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter-3, arcCenterY+170) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+(distanceXToArcCenter+5)/2, arcCenterY+175)];
  [bodyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter-5, arcCenterY+150) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter-2, arcCenterY+160)];
  [bodyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter+8) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter-2, arcCenterY+140)];
  [bodyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter+7) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+115)];
  [self setLayer:bodyLayer path:bodyPath ];

  //左脚
  CAShapeLayer *leftFootLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *leftFootPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
  [leftFootPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter+3, arcCenterY+170)];
  [leftFootPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter+3, arcCenterY+195) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter-20, arcCenterY+185)];
  [leftFootPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-13, arcCenterY+195) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-(distanceXToArcCenter+10)/2, arcCenterY+200)];
  [leftFootPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-10, arcCenterY+170) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+8, arcCenterY+187)];
  [self setLayer:leftFootLayer path:leftFootPath ];

  //右脚
  CAShapeLayer *rightFootLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *rightFootPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
  [rightFootPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+10, arcCenterY+170)];
  [rightFootPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+15, arcCenterY+195) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-12, arcCenterY+185)];
  [rightFootPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter-5, arcCenterY+195) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+(distanceXToArcCenter+20)/2, arcCenterY+200)];
  [rightFootPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter-3, arcCenterY+170) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter+18, arcCenterY+185)];
  [self setLayer:rightFootLayer path:rightFootPath];

  //肚子
  CAShapeLayer *bellyLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *bellyPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
  [bellyPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-30, arcCenterY+80)];
  [bellyPath addCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-30, arcCenterY+150) controlPoint1:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-65, arcCenterY+95) controlPoint2:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-60, arcCenterY+140)];
  [bellyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+30, arcCenterY+150) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+160)];
  [bellyPath addCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+30, arcCenterY+80) controlPoint1:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+60, arcCenterY+140) controlPoint2:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+65, arcCenterY+95)];
  [bellyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-30, arcCenterY+80) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+92)];
  [self setLayer:bellyLayer path:bellyPath ];

  //铃铛
  CAShapeLayer *bellLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *bellPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+97) radius:15 startAngle:0 endAngle:2*M_PI clockwise:YES];
  [self setLayer:bellLayer path:bellPath ];

  //铃铛上的线
  CAShapeLayer *bellLineLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *BellLinePath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
  [BellLinePath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-(sqrt(pow(15.0, 2)-pow(5.0, 2))), arcCenterY+92)];
  [BellLinePath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+(sqrt(pow(15.0, 2)-pow(5.0, 2))), arcCenterY+92)];
  [BellLinePath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+(sqrt(pow(15.0, 2)-pow(2.0, 2))), arcCenterY+95)];
  [BellLinePath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-(sqrt(pow(15.0, 2)-pow(2.0, 2))), arcCenterY+95)];
  [self setLayer:bellLineLayer path:BellLinePath ];

  //铃铛上的小圆点
  CAShapeLayer *bellCirLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *bellCirPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+102) radius:2.5 startAngle:0 endAngle:2*M_PI clockwise:YES];
  [bellCirPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+104.5)];
  [bellCirPath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+112)];
  [self setLayer:bellCirLayer path:bellCirPath ];

  //口袋
  CAShapeLayer *bagLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *bagPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
  [bagPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-40, arcCenterY+112)];
  [bagPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+40, arcCenterY+112) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+120)];
  [bagPath addCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-40, arcCenterY+112) controlPoint1:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+28, arcCenterY+160) controlPoint2:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-28, arcCenterY+160)];
  [self setLayer:bagLayer path:bagPath ];

7、画右手部分

  //右手
  CAShapeLayer *rightHandLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *rightHandPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+85*cos(27/180.0*M_PI), arcCenterY-85*sin(27/180.0*M_PI)) radius:20 startAngle:0 endAngle:2*M_PI clockwise:YES];
  [self setLayer:rightHandLayer path:rightHandPath ];

  //右胳膊
  CAShapeLayer *rightArmLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
  UIBezierPath *rightArmPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
  [rightArmPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+80*cos(13/180.0*M_PI), arcCenterY-80*sin(13/180.0*M_PI))];
  [rightArmPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+80*cos(13/180.0*M_PI)+9, arcCenterY+20)];
  [rightArmPath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter+25)];
  [rightArmPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+93*cos(15/180.0*M_PI), arcCenterY-93*sin(15/180.0*M_PI)) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+90*cos(13/180.0*M_PI)+15, arcCenterY+25)];
  [rightArmPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+80*cos(13/180.0*M_PI), arcCenterY-80*sin(13/180.0*M_PI)) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+80*cos(13/180.0*M_PI)+5, arcCenterY-93*sin(15/180.0*M_PI)+5)];
  [self setLayer:rightArmLayer path:rightArmPath];

  UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(self.view.frame.size.width/2+90, 120, 70, 30)];
  label.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
  label.textColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:21/255.0 green:159/255.0 blue:237/255.0 alpha:1];
  label.text = @"Hello";
  label.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"Chalkduster" size:20];
  [self.view addSubview:label];

  CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.scale"];
  animation.fromValue = @(0);
  animation.toValue = @(1);
  animation.duration = 0.5f;
  [label.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:nil];

8、给各个部位上颜色

 //上色
  faceLayer.fillColor = [UIColor whiteColor].CGColor;
  leftEyeLayer.fillColor = [UIColor whiteColor].CGColor;
  rightEyeLayer.fillColor = [UIColor whiteColor].CGColor;
  leftEyeBallLayer.fillColor = [UIColor blackColor].CGColor;
  rightEyeBallLayer.fillColor = [UIColor blackColor].CGColor;
  noseLayer.fillColor = [UIColor redColor].CGColor;
  noseHaloLayer.fillColor = [UIColor whiteColor].CGColor;
  headLayer.fillColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:21/255.0 green:159/255.0 blue:237/255.0 alpha:1].CGColor;
  leftArmLayer.fillColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:21/255.0 green:159/255.0 blue:237/255.0 alpha:1].CGColor;
  leftHandLayer.fillColor = [UIColor whiteColor].CGColor;
  mufflerLayer.fillColor = [UIColor redColor].CGColor;
  bellyLayer.fillColor = [UIColor whiteColor].CGColor;
  bellLayer.fillColor = [UIColor yellowColor].CGColor;
  bodyLayer.fillColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:21/255.0 green:159/255.0 blue:237/255.0 alpha:1].CGColor;
  rightHandLayer .fillColor=[UIColor whiteColor].CGColor ;
  rightArmLayer .fillColor=[UIColor colorWithRed:21/255.0 green:159/255.0 blue:237/255.0 alpha:1] .CGColor;

这样，一个简单的哆啦A梦就实现了。

文中只展示了重要部分的代码，如果有需要，可以看完整的demo，同时demo里面也展示了UIBezierPath和CAShapeLayer基本的画图方法。

demo地址

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持我们。

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