Python编程在flask中模拟进行Restful的CRUD操作
这篇文章中我们将通过对HelloWorld的message进行操作,介绍一下如何使用flask进行Restful的CRUD。
概要信息
事前准备:flask
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ which flask /usr/local/bin/flask liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ flask --version Flask 1.0.2 Python 2.7.10 (default, Jul 15 2017, 17:16:57) [GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 9.0.0 (clang-900.0.31)] liumiaocn:flask liumiao$
代码示例:HTTP谓词(GET)
就像angular的插值表达式在模版中的作用一样,在flask中也可以一样使用,如果不熟悉angular的插值表达式的话也不要紧,看完下面的例子,基本上就会有一个大致的印象。
代码示例
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ cat flask_4.py #!/usr/bin/python from flask import Flask from flask import render_template app = Flask(__name__) greeting_messages=["Hello World", "Hello Python"] @app.route("/api/messages",methods=['GET']) def get_messages(): return render_template("resttest.html",messages=greeting_messages) if __name__ == "__main__": app.debug=True app.run(host='0.0.0.0',port=7000) liumiaocn:flask liumiao$
模版文件
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ cat templates/resttest.html <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>Hello Restful</title> </head> <body> {% for message in messages %} <h1>{{ message }}</h1> {% endfor %} </body> </html> liumiaocn:flask liumiao$
代码解析:app.route中指定了HTTP谓词GET,缺省GET可以省略,如果一个方法对应多个谓词动作,通过request.method来分离时,可以写成methods=[‘GET','POST']的形式
执行&确认
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ ./flask_4.py * Serving Flask app "flask_4" (lazy loading) * Environment: production WARNING: Do not use the development server in a production environment. Use a production WSGI server instead. * Debug mode: on * Running on http://0.0.0.0:7000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit) * Restarting with stat * Debugger is active! * Debugger PIN: 131-533-062
页面确认
代码示例:HTTP谓词(DELETE|PUT|POST)
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ cat flask_4.py #!/usr/bin/python from flask import Flask from flask import render_template from flask import request import json app = Flask(__name__) greeting_messages=["Hello World", "Hello Python"] #HTTP: GET: Retrieve operation @app.route("/api/messages",methods=['GET']) def get_messages(): return render_template("resttest.html",messages=greeting_messages) #HTTP: DELETE: Delete operation @app.route("/api/messages/<messageid>",methods=['DELETE']) def delete_message(messageid): global greeting_messages del greeting_messages[int(messageid)] return render_template("resttest.html",messages=greeting_messages) #HTTP: PUT: Update operation #HTTP: POST: Create operation @app.route("/api/messages/<messageid>",methods=['PUT','POST']) def update_message(messageid): global greeting_message msg_info=json.loads(request.get_data(True,True,False)) #msg_info=request.args.get('message_info') #msg_info=request.form.get('message_info','default value') #msg_info=request.values.get('message_info','hello...') greeting_messages.append("Hello " + msg_info["message_info"]) return render_template("resttest.html",messages=greeting_messages) if __name__ == "__main__": app.debug=True app.run(host='0.0.0.0',port=7000) liumiaocn:flask liumiao$
执行&结果确认
执行日志
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ ./flask_4.py * Serving Flask app "flask_4" (lazy loading) * Environment: production WARNING: Do not use the development server in a production environment. Use a production WSGI server instead. * Debug mode: on * Running on http://0.0.0.0:7000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit) * Restarting with stat * Debugger is active! * Debugger PIN: 131-533-062
结果确认:Delete
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ curl -X DELETE http://localhost:7000/api/messages/1 <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>Hello Restful</title> </head> <body> <h1>Hello World</h1> </body> </html>liumiaocn:flask liumiao$
可以看到执行一次DELETE之后,两条消息现在只剩下一条消息了,接下来使用POST添加再添加一条
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ curl -X POST -d '{"message_info":"LiuMiaoPost"}' http://localhost:7000/api/messages/3 <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>Hello Restful</title> </head> <body> <h1>Hello World</h1> <h1>Hello LiuMiaoPost</h1> </body> </html>liumiaocn:flask liumiao$
再执行一次PUT操作
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ curl -X PUT -d '{"message_info":"LiuMiaoPut"}' http://localhost:7000/api/messages/4 <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>Hello Restful</title> </head> <body> <h1>Hello World</h1> <h1>Hello LiuMiaoPost</h1> <h1>Hello LiuMiaoPut</h1> </body> </html>liumiaocn:flask liumiao$
小结
这篇文章中,使用最简单的方式在flask中模拟了一下如何进行Restful的CRUD操作,当然,实际的做法有很多种,在接下来的文章中还会介绍另外一种非常常见的轮子flask-restful.
总结
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