JAVA如何获取客户端IP地址和MAC地址

本文介绍了JAVA如何获取客户端IP地址和MAC地址 ，分享给大家，具体如下：

1.获取客户端IP地址

public String getIp(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
  String ip = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For");
  if (ip != null) {
    if (!ip.isEmpty() && !"unKnown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
      int index = ip.indexOf(",");
      if (index != -1) {
        return ip.substring(0, index);
      } else {
        return ip;
      }
    }
  }
  ip = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP");
  if (ip != null) {
    if (!ip.isEmpty() && !"unKnown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
      return ip;
    }
  }
  return request.getRemoteAddr();
}

为什么不直接使用request.getRemoteAddr()；而要在之前判断两个请求头"X-Forwarded-For"和"X-Real-IP"

X-Forwarded-For: client1, proxy1, proxy2, proxy3

其中的值通过一个 逗号+空格 把多个IP地址区分开, 最左边(client1)是最原始客户端的IP地址, 代理服务器每成功收到一个请求，就把请求来源IP地址添加到右边。

所有我们只取第一个IP地址

X-Real-IP，一般只记录真实发出请求的客户端IP

解决用localhost访问ip为0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1的问题

public String getIp(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
  String ip = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For");
  if (ip != null) {
    if (!ip.isEmpty() && !"unKnown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
      int index = ip.indexOf(",");
      if (index != -1) {
        return ip.substring(0, index);
      } else {
        return ip;
      }
    }
  }
  ip = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP");
  if (ip != null) {
    if (!ip.isEmpty() && !"unKnown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
      return ip;
    }
  }
  ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
  if (ip != null) {
    if (!ip.isEmpty() && !"unKnown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
      return ip;
    }
  }
  ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
  if (ip != null) {
    if (!ip.isEmpty() && !"unKnown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
      return ip;
    }
  }
  ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
  return ip.equals("0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1") ? "127.0.0.1" : ip;
}

2.获取客户端MAC地址

UdpGetClientMacAddr umac = new UdpGetClientMacAddr(sip);
String smac = umac.GetRemoteMacAddr();

添加一个获取MAC的时间限制

final UdpGetClientMacAddr umac = new UdpGetClientMacAddr(sip);
//---长时间获取不到MAC地址则放弃
ExecutorService exec = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
Callable<String> call = new Callable<String>() {
  public String call() throws Exception {
    return umac.GetRemoteMacAddr();
  }
};
try {
  Future<String> future = exec.submit(call);
  String smac = future.get(1000 * 1, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
  loginMonitor.setMacAddress(smac);
} catch (TimeoutException ex) {
  loginMonitor.setMacAddress("获取失败");
  logger.info("获取MAC地址超时");
  ex.printStackTrace();
}
// 关闭线程池
exec.shutdown();
//---

需要先获取IP地址作为参数构造一个UdpGetClientMacAddr

UdpGetClientMacAddr.java

package shmc.commonsys.security.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;

/**
 * 主机A向主机B发送“UDP－NetBIOS－NS”询问包，即向主机B的137端口，发Query包来询问主机B的NetBIOS Names信息。
 * 其次，主机B接收到“UDP－NetBIOS－NS”询问包，假设主机B正确安装了NetBIOS服务........... 而且137端口开放，则主机B会向主机A发送一个“UDP－NetBIOS－NS”应答包，即发Answer包给主机A。
 * 并利用UDP(NetBIOS Name Service)来快速获取远程主机MAC地址的方法
 *
 */
public class UdpGetClientMacAddr {
  private String sRemoteAddr;
  private int iRemotePort=137;
  private byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
  private DatagramSocket ds=null; 

  public UdpGetClientMacAddr(String strAddr) throws Exception{
    sRemoteAddr = strAddr;
    ds = new DatagramSocket();
  } 

  public final DatagramPacket send(final byte[] bytes) throws IOException {
    DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(bytes,bytes.length,InetAddress.getByName(sRemoteAddr),iRemotePort);
    ds.send(dp);
    return dp;
  } 

  public final DatagramPacket receive() throws Exception {
    DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(buffer,buffer.length);
    ds.receive(dp);
    return dp;
  }
  public byte[] GetQueryCmd() throws Exception {
    byte[] t_ns = new byte[50];
    t_ns[0] = 0x00;
    t_ns[1] = 0x00;
    t_ns[2] = 0x00;
    t_ns[3] = 0x10;
    t_ns[4] = 0x00;
    t_ns[5] = 0x01;
    t_ns[6] = 0x00;
    t_ns[7] = 0x00;
    t_ns[8] = 0x00;
    t_ns[9] = 0x00;
    t_ns[10] = 0x00;
    t_ns[11] = 0x00;
    t_ns[12] = 0x20;
    t_ns[13] = 0x43;
    t_ns[14] = 0x4B; 

    for(int i = 15; i < 45; i++){
      t_ns[i] = 0x41;
    }
    t_ns[45] = 0x00;
    t_ns[46] = 0x00;
    t_ns[47] = 0x21;
    t_ns[48] = 0x00;
    t_ns[49] = 0x01;
    return t_ns;
  }
  public final String GetMacAddr(byte[] brevdata) throws Exception {
    // 获取计算机名
    int i = brevdata[56] * 18 + 56;
    String sAddr="";
    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(17);
    // 先从第56字节位置，读出Number Of Names（NetBIOS名字的个数，其中每个NetBIOS Names Info部分占18个字节）
    // 然后可计算出“Unit ID”字段的位置＝56＋Number Of Names×18，最后从该位置起连续读取6个字节，就是目的主机的MAC地址。
    for(int j = 1; j < 7;j++)
    {
      sAddr = Integer.toHexString(0xFF & brevdata[i+j]);
      if(sAddr.length() < 2)
      {
        sb.append(0);
      }
      sb.append(sAddr.toUpperCase());
      if(j < 6) sb.append(':');
    }
    return sb.toString();
  } 

  public final void close() throws Exception {
    ds.close();
  } 

  public final String GetRemoteMacAddr() throws Exception {
    byte[] bqcmd = GetQueryCmd();
    send(bqcmd);
    DatagramPacket dp = receive();
    String smac = GetMacAddr(dp.getData());
    close(); 

    return smac;
  } 

  public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception{
    UdpGetClientMacAddr umac=new UdpGetClientMacAddr("172.19.1.198");
    umac=new UdpGetClientMacAddr("192.168.16.83");
    System.out.println(umac.GetRemoteMacAddr());
  }
}

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持我们。