java8中Stream的使用以及分割list案例
一、Steam的优势
java8中Stream配合Lambda表达式极大提高了编程效率,代码简洁易懂(可能刚接触的人会觉得晦涩难懂),不需要写传统的多线程代码就能写出高性能的并发程序
二、项目中遇到的问题
由于微信接口限制,每次导入code只能100个,所以需要分割list。但是由于code数量可能很大,这样执行效率就会很低。
1.首先想到是用多线程写传统并行程序,但是博主不是很熟练,写出代码可能会出现不可预料的结果,容易出错也难以维护。
2.然后就想到Steam中的parallel,能提高性能又能利用java8的特性,何乐而不为。
三、废话不多说,直接先贴代码,然后再解释(java8分割list代码在标题四)。
1.该方法是根据传入数量生成codes,private String getGeneratorCode(int tenantId)是我根据编码规则生成唯一code这个不需要管,我们要看的是Stream.iterate
2.iterate()第一个参数为起始值,第二个函数表达式(看自己想要生成什么样的流关键在这里),http://write.blog.csdn.net/postedit然后必须要通过limit方法来限制自己生成的Stream大小。parallel()是开启并行处理。map()就是一对一的把Stream中的元素映射成ouput Steam中的 元素。最后用collect收集,
2.1 构造流的方法还有Stream.of(),结合或者数组可直接list.stream();
String[] array = new String[]{"1","2","3"} ;
stream = Stream.of(array)或者Arrays.Stream(array);
2.2 数值流IntStream
int[] array = new int[]{1,2,3};
IntStream.of(array)或者IntStream.ranage(0,3)
3.以上构造流的方法都是已经知道大小,对于通过入参确定的应该图中方法自己生成流。
四、java8分割list,利用StreamApi实现。
没用java8前代码,做个鲜明对比():
1.list是我的编码集合(codes)。MAX_SEND为100(即每次100的大小去分割list),limit为按编码集合大小算出的本次需要分割多少次。
2.我们可以看到其实就是多了个skip跟limit方法。skip就是舍弃stream前多少个元素,那么limit就是返回流前面多少个元素(如果流里元素少于该值,则返回全部)。然后开启并行处理。通过循环我们的分割list的目标就达到了,每次取到的sendList就是100,100这样子的。
3.因为我这里业务就只需要到这里,如果我们分割之后需要收集之后再做处理,那只需要改写一下就ok;如:
List<List<String>> splitList = Stream.iterate(0,n->n+1).limit(limit).parallel().map(a->{ List<String> sendList = list.stream().skip(a*MAX_SEND).limit(MAX_SEND).parallel().collect(Collectors.toList()); }).collect(Collectors.toList());
五、java8流里好像拿不到下标,所以我才用到构造一个递增数列当下标用,这就是我用java8分割list的过程,比以前的for循环看的爽心悦目,优雅些,性能功也提高了。
如果各位有更好的实现方式,欢迎留言指教。
补充知识:聊聊flink DataStream的split操作
序
本文主要研究一下flink DataStream的split操作
实例
SplitStream<Integer> split = someDataStream.split(new OutputSelector<Integer>() { @Override public Iterable<String> select(Integer value) { List<String> output = new ArrayList<String>(); if (value % 2 == 0) { output.add("even"); } else { output.add("odd"); } return output; } });
本实例将dataStream split为两个dataStream,一个outputName为even,另一个outputName为odd
DataStream.split
flink-streaming-java_2.11-1.7.0-sources.jar!/org/apache/flink/streaming/api/datastream/DataStream.java
@Public public class DataStream<T> { //...... public SplitStream<T> split(OutputSelector<T> outputSelector) { return new SplitStream<>(this, clean(outputSelector)); } //...... }
DataStream的split操作接收OutputSelector参数,然后创建并返回SplitStream
OutputSelector
flink-streaming-java_2.11-1.7.0-sources.jar!/org/apache/flink/streaming/api/collector/selector/OutputSelector.java
@PublicEvolving public interface OutputSelector<OUT> extends Serializable { Iterable<String> select(OUT value); }
OutputSelector定义了select方法用于给element打上outputNames
SplitStream
flink-streaming-java_2.11-1.7.0-sources.jar!/org/apache/flink/streaming/api/datastream/SplitStream.java
@PublicEvolving public class SplitStream<OUT> extends DataStream<OUT> { protected SplitStream(DataStream<OUT> dataStream, OutputSelector<OUT> outputSelector) { super(dataStream.getExecutionEnvironment(), new SplitTransformation<OUT>(dataStream.getTransformation(), outputSelector)); } public DataStream<OUT> select(String... outputNames) { return selectOutput(outputNames); } private DataStream<OUT> selectOutput(String[] outputNames) { for (String outName : outputNames) { if (outName == null) { throw new RuntimeException("Selected names must not be null"); } } SelectTransformation<OUT> selectTransform = new SelectTransformation<OUT>(this.getTransformation(), Lists.newArrayList(outputNames)); return new DataStream<OUT>(this.getExecutionEnvironment(), selectTransform); } }
SplitStream继承了DataStream,它定义了select方法,可以用来根据outputNames选择split出来的dataStream;select方法创建了SelectTransformation
StreamGraphGenerator
flink-streaming-java_2.11-1.7.0-sources.jar!/org/apache/flink/streaming/api/graph/StreamGraphGenerator.java
@Internal public class StreamGraphGenerator { //...... private Collection<Integer> transform(StreamTransformation<?> transform) { if (alreadyTransformed.containsKey(transform)) { return alreadyTransformed.get(transform); } LOG.debug("Transforming " + transform); if (transform.getMaxParallelism() <= 0) { // if the max parallelism hasn't been set, then first use the job wide max parallelism // from theExecutionConfig. int globalMaxParallelismFromConfig = env.getConfig().getMaxParallelism(); if (globalMaxParallelismFromConfig > 0) { transform.setMaxParallelism(globalMaxParallelismFromConfig); } } // call at least once to trigger exceptions about MissingTypeInfo transform.getOutputType(); Collection<Integer> transformedIds; if (transform instanceof OneInputTransformation<?, ?>) { transformedIds = transformOneInputTransform((OneInputTransformation<?, ?>) transform); } else if (transform instanceof TwoInputTransformation<?, ?, ?>) { transformedIds = transformTwoInputTransform((TwoInputTransformation<?, ?, ?>) transform); } else if (transform instanceof SourceTransformation<?>) { transformedIds = transformSource((SourceTransformation<?>) transform); } else if (transform instanceof SinkTransformation<?>) { transformedIds = transformSink((SinkTransformation<?>) transform); } else if (transform instanceof UnionTransformation<?>) { transformedIds = transformUnion((UnionTransformation<?>) transform); } else if (transform instanceof SplitTransformation<?>) { transformedIds = transformSplit((SplitTransformation<?>) transform); } else if (transform instanceof SelectTransformation<?>) { transformedIds = transformSelect((SelectTransformation<?>) transform); } else if (transform instanceof FeedbackTransformation<?>) { transformedIds = transformFeedback((FeedbackTransformation<?>) transform); } else if (transform instanceof CoFeedbackTransformation<?>) { transformedIds = transformCoFeedback((CoFeedbackTransformation<?>) transform); } else if (transform instanceof PartitionTransformation<?>) { transformedIds = transformPartition((PartitionTransformation<?>) transform); } else if (transform instanceof SideOutputTransformation<?>) { transformedIds = transformSideOutput((SideOutputTransformation<?>) transform); } else { throw new IllegalStateException("Unknown transformation: " + transform); } // need this check because the iterate transformation adds itself before // transforming the feedback edges if (!alreadyTransformed.containsKey(transform)) { alreadyTransformed.put(transform, transformedIds); } if (transform.getBufferTimeout() >= 0) { streamGraph.setBufferTimeout(transform.getId(), transform.getBufferTimeout()); } if (transform.getUid() != null) { streamGraph.setTransformationUID(transform.getId(), transform.getUid()); } if (transform.getUserProvidedNodeHash() != null) { streamGraph.setTransformationUserHash(transform.getId(), transform.getUserProvidedNodeHash()); } if (transform.getMinResources() != null && transform.getPreferredResources() != null) { streamGraph.setResources(transform.getId(), transform.getMinResources(), transform.getPreferredResources()); } return transformedIds; } private <T> Collection<Integer> transformSelect(SelectTransformation<T> select) { StreamTransformation<T> input = select.getInput(); Collection<Integer> resultIds = transform(input); // the recursive transform might have already transformed this if (alreadyTransformed.containsKey(select)) { return alreadyTransformed.get(select); } List<Integer> virtualResultIds = new ArrayList<>(); for (int inputId : resultIds) { int virtualId = StreamTransformation.getNewNodeId(); streamGraph.addVirtualSelectNode(inputId, virtualId, select.getSelectedNames()); virtualResultIds.add(virtualId); } return virtualResultIds; } private <T> Collection<Integer> transformSplit(SplitTransformation<T> split) { StreamTransformation<T> input = split.getInput(); Collection<Integer> resultIds = transform(input); // the recursive transform call might have transformed this already if (alreadyTransformed.containsKey(split)) { return alreadyTransformed.get(split); } for (int inputId : resultIds) { streamGraph.addOutputSelector(inputId, split.getOutputSelector()); } return resultIds; } //...... }
StreamGraphGenerator里头的transform会对SelectTransformation以及SplitTransformation进行相应的处理
transformSelect方法会根据select.getSelectedNames()来addVirtualSelectNode
transformSplit方法则根据split.getOutputSelector()来addOutputSelector
小结
DataStream的split操作接收OutputSelector参数,然后创建并返回SplitStream
OutputSelector定义了select方法用于给element打上outputNames
SplitStream继承了DataStream,它定义了select方法,可以用来根据outputNames选择split出来的dataStream
doc
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