springcloud中Ribbon和RestTemplate实现服务调用与负载均衡
文件目录结构
文件目录结构很重要,特别注意的是rule文件要放在主启动类上一级位置,才能够扫描。
写pom
<dependencies> <!--springboot 2.2.2--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!--Spring cloud Hoxton.SR1--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!--Spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE--> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!--Eureka-Client--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency>
因为eureka的依赖已经整合了ribbon的依赖,所以不用额外引入新的东西。
改yml
server: port: 80 spring: application: name: cloud-book-consumer eureka: client: register-with-eureka: false fetch-registry: true service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka
主启动
@SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaClient @RibbonClient(name = "CLOUD-BOOK-SERVICE", configuration = LoadBalanceRule.class) //更换轮询算法 public class RestTemplateMain80 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(RestTemplateMain80.class,args); } }
业务逻辑
rules层
在图示文件目录下新建LoadBalanceRule.class,用于更换负载均衡算法。
@Configuration public class LoadBalanceRule { @Bean public IRule iRule() { // 定义为随机 return new RandomRule(); } }
config层
开启restTemplate负载均衡
在config文件夹下创建LoadBalanceConfig.class
@Configuration public class LoadBalanceConfig { @Bean @LoadBalanced //开启负载均衡 public RestTemplate getReatTemplate(){ return new RestTemplate(); } }
controller层
新建BookController.class
写业务代码
@RestController @Slf4j public class BookController { @Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate; public static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://CLOUD-BOOK-SERVICE"; @GetMapping(value = "restTemplate/book/getAllBooks")//只要json数据时 public CommonResult getAllBooks(){ return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/book/getAllBooks",CommonResult.class); } @GetMapping("restTemplate/book/getAllBooks2") //需要知道更多数据时,使用getForEntity方法 public CommonResult getAllBooks2(){ ResponseEntity<CommonResult> resultResponseEntit = restTemplate.getForEntity(PAYMENT_URL+"/book/getAllBooks",CommonResult.class); if (resultResponseEntit.getStatusCode().is2xxSuccessful()){ log.info(resultResponseEntit.getStatusCode()+"\t"+resultResponseEntit.getHeaders()); return resultResponseEntit.getBody(); }else { return new CommonResult<>(444,"操作失败"); } } @GetMapping(value = "restTemplate/book/index") public String index() { return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/book/index",String.class); } }
使用restTemplate+Ribboin实现服务调用和负载均衡完成。
手写Ribbon负载均衡算法 lb层
1.新建LoadBalancer接口,添加代码
public interface LoadBalancer { ServiceInstance instances(List<ServiceInstance> serviceInstances); }
2.新建实现类MyLB
@Component public class MyLB implements LoadBalancer { private AtomicInteger atomicInteger = new AtomicInteger(0); //求第几次访问 自旋锁思想 public final int getAndIncrement(){ int current; int next; do { current = this.atomicInteger.get(); next = current >=2147483647 ? 0 : current+1; }while(!this.atomicInteger.compareAndSet(current,next)); System.out.println("***第几次访问next->"+next); return next; } //负载均衡算法,实现roundRobin算法 @Override public ServiceInstance instances(List<ServiceInstance> serviceInstances) { int index = getAndIncrement() % serviceInstances.size(); return serviceInstances.get(index); } }
修改BookController
@RestController @Slf4j public class BookController { @Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate; @Resource private LoadBalancer loadBalancer; @Resource private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient; public static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://CLOUD-BOOK-SERVICE"; @GetMapping(value = "restTemplate/book/getAllBooks")//只要json数据时 public CommonResult getAllBooks(){ List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("CLOUD-BOOK-SERVICE"); if (instances == null || instances.size() <= 0){ return null; } ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancer.instances(instances); URI uri = serviceInstance.getUri(); return restTemplate.getForObject(uri+"/book/getAllBooks",CommonResult.class); } @GetMapping(value = "restTemplate/book/index") public String index() { List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("CLOUD-BOOK-SERVICE"); if (instances == null || instances.size() <= 0){ return null; } ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancer.instances(instances); URI uri = serviceInstance.getUri(); return restTemplate.getForObject(uri+"/book/index",String.class); } }
修改文件注解
- 删去主启动类的更换负载均衡算法注解
@RibbonClient(name = “CLOUD-BOOK-SERVICE”, configuration = LoadBalanceRule.class)
- 删去LoadBalanceConfig中开启负载均衡算法注解
@LoadBalanced
手写Ribbon算法并使用完成
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