Java Swing实现JTable检测单元格数据变更事件的方法示例

本文实例讲述了Java Swing实现JTable检测单元格数据变更事件的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

在JTable的初级教程中往往会提到，使用TableModel的 addTableModelListener方法可以监听单元格数据的变更，在其事件处理函，数tableChanged中，可以通过e.getColumn()，e.getFirstRow()，e.getLastRow()，e.getType()来获取变更发生的位置和变更的类型（插入、更新或删除）。然而该方法存在2个致命的问题：

1.双击单元格使其处于可编辑状态后，即使没有做出任何修改，当单元格失去焦点时，该事件将被激活。

2.通过该事件你可以获取单元格最新的数据，却无法获取原有数据。

经过一番搜索发现该文章已经解决了这个问题Table Cell Listener，作者自己实现了一个单元格监听器TableCellListener，它订阅了指定table的addPropertyChangeListener，根据e.getPropertyName()来识别单元格编辑事件，根据table.isEditing()方法来判断单元格正在编辑还是编辑完毕。如果是正在编辑，则记录单元格位置和原因数据；如果已经编辑完毕，则记录新数据并与原有数据进行比对，如果不一致则说明单元格数据发生了变更，则激活指定响应函数。

测试用例如下：

TableDemo.java

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1995, 2008, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 *  - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *  - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 *  - Neither the name of Oracle or the names of its
 *   contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 *   from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
 * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
package awtDemo;
/*
 * TableDemo.java requires no other files.
 */
import javax.swing.AbstractAction;
import javax.swing.Action;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTable;
import javax.swing.table.AbstractTableModel;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
/**
 * TableDemo is just like SimpleTableDemo, except that it
 * uses a custom TableModel.
 */
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class TableDemo extends JPanel {
  private boolean DEBUG = false;
  @SuppressWarnings("unused")
 public TableDemo() {
    super(new GridLayout(1,0));
    JTable table = new JTable(new MyTableModel());
    table.setPreferredScrollableViewportSize(new Dimension(500, 70));
    table.setFillsViewportHeight(true);
    //Create the scroll pane and add the table to it.
    JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(table);
    //Add the scroll pane to this panel.
    add(scrollPane);
    Action action = new AbstractAction()
    {
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
      {
        TableCellListener tcl = (TableCellListener)e.getSource();
        System.out.printf("cell changed%n");
        System.out.println("Row  : " + tcl.getRow());
        System.out.println("Column: " + tcl.getColumn());
        System.out.println("Old  : " + tcl.getOldValue());
        System.out.println("New  : " + tcl.getNewValue());
      }
    };
    TableCellListener tcl = new TableCellListener(table, action);
  }
  class MyTableModel extends AbstractTableModel {
    private String[] columnNames = {"First Name",
                    "Last Name",
                    "Sport",
                    "# of Years",
                    "Vegetarian"};
    private Object[][] data = {
    {"Kathy", "Smith",
     "Snowboarding", new Integer(5), new Boolean(false)},
    {"John", "Doe",
     "Rowing", new Integer(3), new Boolean(true)},
    {"Sue", "Black",
     "Knitting", new Integer(2), new Boolean(false)},
    {"Jane", "White",
     "Speed reading", new Integer(20), new Boolean(true)},
    {"Joe", "Brown",
     "Pool", new Integer(10), new Boolean(false)}
    };
    public int getColumnCount() {
      return columnNames.length;
    }
    public int getRowCount() {
      return data.length;
    }
    public String getColumnName(int col) {
      return columnNames[col];
    }
    public Object getValueAt(int row, int col) {
      return data[row][col];
    }
    /*
     * JTable uses this method to determine the default renderer/
     * editor for each cell. If we didn't implement this method,
     * then the last column would contain text ("true"/"false"),
     * rather than a check box.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
 public Class getColumnClass(int c) {
      return getValueAt(0, c).getClass();
    }
    /*
     * Don't need to implement this method unless your table's
     * editable.
     */
    public boolean isCellEditable(int row, int col) {
      //Note that the data/cell address is constant,
      //no matter where the cell appears onscreen.
      if (col < 2) {
        return false;
      } else {
        return true;
      }
    }
    /*
     * Don't need to implement this method unless your table's
     * data can change.
     */
    public void setValueAt(Object value, int row, int col) {
      if (DEBUG) {
        System.out.println("Setting value at " + row + "," + col
                  + " to " + value
                  + " (an instance of "
                  + value.getClass() + ")");
      }
      data[row][col] = value;
      fireTableCellUpdated(row, col);
      if (DEBUG) {
        System.out.println("New value of data:");
        printDebugData();
      }
    }
    private void printDebugData() {
      int numRows = getRowCount();
      int numCols = getColumnCount();
      for (int i=0; i < numRows; i++) {
        System.out.print("  row " + i + ":");
        for (int j=0; j < numCols; j++) {
          System.out.print(" " + data[i][j]);
        }
        System.out.println();
      }
      System.out.println("--------------------------");
    }
  }
  /**
   * Create the GUI and show it. For thread safety,
   * this method should be invoked from the
   * event-dispatching thread.
   */
  private static void createAndShowGUI() {
    //Create and set up the window.
    JFrame frame = new JFrame("TableDemo - www.jb51.net");
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    //Create and set up the content pane.
    TableDemo newContentPane = new TableDemo();
    newContentPane.setOpaque(true); //content panes must be opaque
    frame.setContentPane(newContentPane);
    //Display the window.
    frame.pack();
    frame.setVisible(true);
  }
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    //Schedule a job for the event-dispatching thread:
    //creating and showing this application's GUI.
    javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
      public void run() {
        createAndShowGUI();
      }
    });
  }
}

TableCellListener.java

package awtDemo;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.beans.*;
/*
 * This class listens for changes made to the data in the table via the
 * TableCellEditor. When editing is started, the value of the cell is saved
 * When editing is stopped the new value is saved. When the oold and new
 * values are different, then the provided Action is invoked.
 *
 * The source of the Action is a TableCellListener instance.
 */
public class TableCellListener implements PropertyChangeListener, Runnable
{
  private JTable table;
  private Action action;
  private int row;
  private int column;
  private Object oldValue;
  private Object newValue;
  /**
   * Create a TableCellListener.
   *
   * @param table  the table to be monitored for data changes
   * @param action the Action to invoke when cell data is changed
   */
  public TableCellListener(JTable table, Action action)
  {
    this.table = table;
    this.action = action;
    this.table.addPropertyChangeListener( this );
  }
  /**
   * Create a TableCellListener with a copy of all the data relevant to
   * the change of data for a given cell.
   *
   * @param row the row of the changed cell
   * @param column the column of the changed cell
   * @param oldValue the old data of the changed cell
   * @param newValue the new data of the changed cell
   */
  private TableCellListener(JTable table, int row, int column, Object oldValue, Object newValue)
  {
    this.table = table;
    this.row = row;
    this.column = column;
    this.oldValue = oldValue;
    this.newValue = newValue;
  }
  /**
   * Get the column that was last edited
   *
   * @return the column that was edited
   */
  public int getColumn()
  {
    return column;
  }
  /**
   * Get the new value in the cell
   *
   * @return the new value in the cell
   */
  public Object getNewValue()
  {
    return newValue;
  }
  /**
   * Get the old value of the cell
   *
   * @return the old value of the cell
   */
  public Object getOldValue()
  {
    return oldValue;
  }
  /**
   * Get the row that was last edited
   *
   * @return the row that was edited
   */
  public int getRow()
  {
    return row;
  }
  /**
   * Get the table of the cell that was changed
   *
   * @return the table of the cell that was changed
   */
  public JTable getTable()
  {
    return table;
  }
//
// Implement the PropertyChangeListener interface
//
  @Override
  public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent e)
  {
    // A cell has started/stopped editing
    if ("tableCellEditor".equals(e.getPropertyName()))
    {
      if (table.isEditing()){
        //System.out.printf("tableCellEditor is editing..%n");
        processEditingStarted();
      }
      else{
        //System.out.printf("tableCellEditor editing stopped..%n");
        processEditingStopped();
      }
    }
  }
  /*
   * Save information of the cell about to be edited
   */
  private void processEditingStarted()
  {
    // The invokeLater is necessary because the editing row and editing
    // column of the table have not been set when the "tableCellEditor"
    // PropertyChangeEvent is fired.
    // This results in the "run" method being invoked
    SwingUtilities.invokeLater( this );
  }
  /*
   * See above.
   */
  @Override
  public void run()
  {
    row = table.convertRowIndexToModel( table.getEditingRow() );
    column = table.convertColumnIndexToModel( table.getEditingColumn() );
    oldValue = table.getModel().getValueAt(row, column);
    //这里应对oldValue为null的情况做处理，否则将导致原值与新值均为空时仍被视为值改变
    if(oldValue == null)
      oldValue = "";
    newValue = null;
  }
  /*
   *  Update the Cell history when necessary
   */
  private void processEditingStopped()
  {
    newValue = table.getModel().getValueAt(row, column);
    //这里应对newValue为null的情况做处理，否则后面会抛出异常
    if(newValue == null)
      newValue = "";
    // The data has changed, invoke the supplied Action
    if (! newValue.equals(oldValue))
    {
      // Make a copy of the data in case another cell starts editing
      // while processing this change
      TableCellListener tcl = new TableCellListener(
        getTable(), getRow(), getColumn(), getOldValue(), getNewValue());
      ActionEvent event = new ActionEvent(
        tcl,
        ActionEvent.ACTION_PERFORMED,
        "");
      action.actionPerformed(event);
    }
  }
}

运行效果：

由图可见，单元格数据修改后，控制台输出内容变更信息！

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