C语言实现的顺序表功能完整实例

本文实例讲述了C语言实现的顺序表功能。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

seqlist.h

#ifndef __SEQLIST_H__
#define __SEQLIST_H__
#include<cstdio>
#include<malloc.h>
#include<assert.h>
#define SEQLIST_INIT_SIZE 8
#define INC_SIZE 3 //空间增量的大小
typedef int ElemType;
typedef struct Seqlist {
  ElemType *base;
  int capacity; //顺序表容量
  int size; //表的大小
}Seqlist;
bool Inc(Seqlist *list);//增加顺序表的容量
void InitSeqlist(Seqlist *list); //初始化顺序表
void push_back(Seqlist *list, ElemType x); //在顺序表的末尾插入元素
void push_front(Seqlist *list, ElemType x); //在顺序表的头部插入元素
void show_list(Seqlist *list); //显示顺序表中的元素
void pop_back(Seqlist *list); //删除顺序表最后一个元素
void pop_front(Seqlist *list); //删除顺序表第一个元素
void insert_pos(Seqlist *list, int pos, ElemType x);//在顺序表的选定位置上插入数据
int find(Seqlist *list, ElemType key); //在顺序表中查找元素key的下标
int length(Seqlist *list);//求顺序表的长度
void delete_pos(Seqlist *list, int pos); //删除顺序表中特定位置的数据元素
void delete_val(Seqlist *list, int key);//删除顺序表中值为key的数据元素
void sort(Seqlist *list);//冒泡排序
void reverse(Seqlist *list);//逆置顺序列表
void clear(Seqlist *list);//清除顺序表中的所有元素
void destroy(Seqlist *list);//摧毁顺序表
void merge(Seqlist *lt, Seqlist *la, Seqlist *lb);//合并两个顺序列表
#endif //__SEQLIST_H__

seqlist.cpp

#include"seqlist.h"
bool Inc(Seqlist *list) {
  ElemType *newbase = (ElemType*)realloc(list, sizeof(ElemType)*(list->capacity + INC_SIZE)); //重新分配内存空间
  if (newbase == NULL) {
    printf("内存空间已满，无法再分配内存空间！\n");
    return false;
  }
  list->base = newbase;
  list->capacity += INC_SIZE;
  return true;
}
void InitSeqlist(Seqlist *list) {
  list->base = (ElemType*)malloc(sizeof(ElemType)*SEQLIST_INIT_SIZE);
  assert(list->base != NULL);
  list->capacity = SEQLIST_INIT_SIZE;
  list->size = 0;
}
void push_back(Seqlist *list, ElemType x) {
  if (list->size >= list->capacity && !Inc(list)) { //Inc(list)用来判断增加顺序表容量是否成功,只有在失败的情况下才会进入if语句中
    printf("顺序表容量已满，无法再在表尾继续插入新元素！\n");
    return;
  }
  list->base[list->size] = x;
  list->size++;
}
void push_front(Seqlist *list, ElemType x) {
  if (list->size >= list->capacity && !Inc(list)) {
    printf("顺序表容量已满，无法再在表头插入新元素！\n");
    return;
  }
  for (int i = list->size;i > 0;i--) {
    list->base[i] = list->base[i - 1];
  }
  list->base[0] = x;
  list->size++;
}
void show_list(Seqlist *list) {
  for (int i = 0;i < list->size;i++) {
    printf("%d ", list->base[i]);
  }
  printf("\n");
}
void pop_back(Seqlist *list) {
  if (list->size == 0) {
    printf("顺序表已空，无法再在表尾删除元素！\n");
    return;
  }
  list->size--;
}
void pop_front(Seqlist *list) {
  if (list->size == 0) {
    printf("顺序表已空，无法再在表头删除元素！\n");
    return;
  }
  for (int i = 0;i < list->size - 1;i++) {
    list->base[i] = list->base[i + 1];
  }
  list->size--;
}
void insert_pos(Seqlist *list, int pos, ElemType x) {
  if (pos<0 || pos>list->size) {
    printf("插入位置不合法，无法插入元素！\n");
    return;
  }
  if (list->size >= list->capacity && !Inc(list)) {
    printf("顺序表容量已满，无法在插入新的元素！\n");
    return;
  }
  for (int i = list->size;i > pos;i--) {
    list->base[i] = list->base[i - 1];
  }
  list->base[pos] = x;
  list->size++;
}
int find(Seqlist *list, ElemType key) {
  for (int i = 0;i < list->size;i++) {
    if (list->base[i] == key)
      return i;
  }
  return -1;
}
int length(Seqlist *list) {
  return list->size;
}
void delete_pos(Seqlist *list, int pos) {
  if (pos < 0 || pos >= list->size) {
    printf("删除位置不合法，无法删除元素！\n");
    return;
  }
  for (int i = pos;i < list->size - 1;i++) {
    list->base[i] = list->base[i + 1];
  }
  list->size--;
}
void delete_val(Seqlist *list, int key) {
  int pos = find(list, key);
  if (pos == -1) {
    printf("顺序表中没有这个元素！\n");
    return;
  }
  delete_pos(list, pos);
}
void sort(Seqlist *list) {
  for (int i = 0;i < list->size - 1;i++) {//排序的趟数（例如5个数据需要比较4趟）
    for (int j = 0;j < list->size - 1 - i;j++) {//每一趟比较中的比较次数（例如5个数据在第0趟需要比较4次）
      if (list->base[j] > list->base[j + 1]) {
        ElemType temp = list->base[j];
        list->base[j] = list->base[j + 1];
        list->base[j + 1] = temp;
      }
    }
  }
}
void reverse(Seqlist *list) {
  if (list->size == 0 || list->size == 1) return;
  int low = 0, high = list->size - 1;
  while (low < high) {
    ElemType temp = list->base[low];
    list->base[low] = list->base[high];
    list->base[high] = temp;
    low++;
    high--;
  }
}
void clear(Seqlist *list) {
  list->size = 0;
}
void destroy(Seqlist *list) {
  free(list->base);
  list->base = NULL;
  list->capacity = 0;
  list->size = 0;
}
void merge(Seqlist *lt, Seqlist *la, Seqlist *lb) {
  lt->capacity = la->size + lb->size;
  lt->base = (ElemType*)malloc(sizeof(ElemType)*lt->capacity);
  assert(lt->base != NULL);
  int ia = 0, ib = 0, ic = 0;
  while (ia < la->size&&ib < lb->size) {
    if (la->base[ia] < lb->base[ib]) {
      lt->base[ic++] = la->base[ia++];
    }
    else {
      lt->base[ic++] = lb->base[ib++];
    }
  }
  while (ia < la->size) {
    lt->base[ic++] = la->base[ia++];
  }
  while (ib < lb->size) {
    lt->base[ic++] = lb->base[ib++];
  }
  lt->size = la->size + lb->size;
  show_list(lt);
}

main.cpp

#include"seqlist.h"
void main() {
  Seqlist list;
  InitSeqlist(&list);
  ElemType item;
  int pos;
  int select = 1;
  while (select) {
    printf("*******************************************\n");
    printf("*[1] push_back    [2] push_front  *\n");
    printf("*[3] show_list    [4] pop_back   *\n");
    printf("*[5] pop_front    [6] insert_pos  *\n");
    printf("*[7] find       [8] length    *\n");
    printf("*[9] delete_pos    [10] delete_value *\n");
    printf("*[11] sort       [12] reverse    *\n");
    printf("*[13] clear      [14] merge     *\n");
    printf("*[0] quit_system             *\n");
    printf("*******************************************\n");
    printf("请选择：>>");
    scanf("%d", &select);
    if (select == 0) break;
    switch (select) {
    case 1:
      printf("请输入要插入的数据（-1结束）:>");
      while (scanf("%d", &item), item != -1) {//先输入item的值，只要item不等于-1就接着循环
        push_back(&list, item);
      }
      break;
    case 2:
      printf("请输入要插入的数据（-1结束）:>");
      while (scanf("%d", &item), item != -1) {
        push_front(&list, item);
      }
      break;
    case 3:
      show_list(&list);
      break;
    case 4:
      pop_back(&list);
      break;
    case 5:
      pop_front(&list);
      break;
    case 6:
      printf("请输入要插入的数据:>");
      scanf("%d", &item);
      printf("请输入要插入的位置:>");
      scanf("%d", &pos);
      insert_pos(&list, pos, item);
      break;
    case 7:
      printf("请输入要查找的数据:>");
      scanf("%d", &item);
      pos = find(&list, item);
      if (pos == -1)
        printf("查找的数据元素不在顺序表中！\n");
      else
        printf("查找的数据元素在顺序表中的下标位置为%d\n", pos);
      break;
    case 8:
      printf("顺序表的长度为%d\n", length(&list));
      break;
    case 9:
      printf("请输入要删除数据在顺序表中的下标位置:>");
      scanf("%d", &pos);
      delete_pos(&list, pos);
      break;
    case 10:
      printf("请输入要删除数据的值:>");
      scanf("%d", &item);
      delete_val(&list, item);
      break;
    case 11:
      sort(&list);
      break;
    case 12:
      reverse(&list);
      break;
    case 13:
      clear(&list);
      break;
    case 14:
      Seqlist mylist, yourlist;
      ElemType item1, item2;
      InitSeqlist(&mylist);
      InitSeqlist(&yourlist);
      printf("请输入顺序表1中的元素值（-1结束）:>");
      while (scanf("%d", &item1), item1 != -1) {
        push_back(&mylist, item1);
      }
      printf("请输入顺序表2中的元素值（-1结束）:>");
      while (scanf("%d", &item2), item2 != -1) {
        push_back(&yourlist, item2);
      }
      merge(&list, &mylist, &yourlist);
      destroy(&mylist);
      destroy(&yourlist);
      break;
    default:
      printf("输入的选择错误！请重新输入！\n");
      break;
    }
  }
  destroy(&list);
}

希望本文所述对大家C语言程序设计有所帮助。

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