Android 全局异常捕获实例详解

Android 全局异常捕获

今天就来说说作为程序猿的我们每天都会遇到的东西bug,出bug不可怕可怕的是没有出bug时的堆栈信息,那么对于bug的信息收集就显得尤为重要了,一般用第三方bugly或者友盟等等都能轻易收集,但是由于公司不让使用第三方,而安卓正好有原生的异常收集类UncaughtExceptionHandler,那么今天博客就从这个类开始.

UncaughtExceptionHandler见名知意,即他是处理我们未捕获的异常,具体使用分两步

1.实现我们自己的异常处理类

public class CrashHandler implements Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler {
  @Override
  public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) {

  }
}

需要我们实现Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler接口当有未捕获的异常的时候会回调uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex)方法

2.设置该CrashHandler为系统默认的

Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(crashHandler);

以上只是使用步骤的介绍,具体项目中的使用我直接贴代码

在application中初始化

package com.zly.www.basedemo.base;

import android.app.Application;
import android.content.Context;
import com.zly.www.basedemo.exception.CrashHandler;

/**
 * Created by zly on 2016/6/11.
 */
public class AppApplication extends Application {

  private static Context mContext;

  @Override
  public void onCreate() {
    super.onCreate();
    this.mContext = this;
    CrashHandler.getInstance().init(this);//初始化全局异常管理
  }

  public static Context getContext(){
    return mContext;
  }
}

CrashHandler 实现类如下

package com.zly.www.basedemo.exception;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.zly.www.basedemo.utils.AppManager;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * 全局异常捕获
 * Created by zly on 2016/7/3.
 */
public class CrashHandler implements Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler {

  /**
   * 系统默认UncaughtExceptionHandler
   */
  private Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler mDefaultHandler;

  /**
   * context
   */
  private Context mContext;

  /**
   * 存储异常和参数信息
   */
  private Map<String,String> paramsMap = new HashMap<>();

  /**
   * 格式化时间
   */
  private SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss");

  private String TAG = this.getClass().getSimpleName();

  private static CrashHandler mInstance;

  private CrashHandler() {

  }

  /**
   * 获取CrashHandler实例
   */
  public static synchronized CrashHandler getInstance(){
    if(null == mInstance){
      mInstance = new CrashHandler();
    }
    return mInstance;
  }

  public void init(Context context){
    mContext = context;
    mDefaultHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();
    //设置该CrashHandler为系统默认的
    Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this);
  }

  /**
   * uncaughtException 回调函数
   */
  @Override
  public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) {
    if(!handleException(ex) && mDefaultHandler != null){//如果自己没处理交给系统处理
      mDefaultHandler.uncaughtException(thread,ex);
    }else{//自己处理
      try {//延迟3秒杀进程
        Thread.sleep(3000);
      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        Log.e(TAG, "error : ", e);
      }
      //退出程序
      AppManager.getAppManager().AppExit(mContext);
    }

  }

  /**
   * 收集错误信息.发送到服务器
   * @return 处理了该异常返回true,否则false
   */
  private boolean handleException(Throwable ex) {
    if (ex == null) {
      return false;
    }
    //收集设备参数信息
    collectDeviceInfo(mContext);
    //添加自定义信息
    addCustomInfo();
    //使用Toast来显示异常信息
    new Thread() {
      @Override
      public void run() {
        Looper.prepare();
        Toast.makeText(mContext, "程序开小差了呢..", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        Looper.loop();
      }
    }.start();
    //保存日志文件
    saveCrashInfo2File(ex);
    return true;
  }

  /**
   * 收集设备参数信息
   * @param ctx
   */
  public void collectDeviceInfo(Context ctx) {
    //获取versionName,versionCode
    try {
      PackageManager pm = ctx.getPackageManager();
      PackageInfo pi = pm.getPackageInfo(ctx.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
      if (pi != null) {
        String versionName = pi.versionName == null ? "null" : pi.versionName;
        String versionCode = pi.versionCode + "";
        paramsMap.put("versionName", versionName);
        paramsMap.put("versionCode", versionCode);
      }
    } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
      Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect package info", e);
    }
    //获取所有系统信息
    Field[] fields = Build.class.getDeclaredFields();
    for (Field field : fields) {
      try {
        field.setAccessible(true);
        paramsMap.put(field.getName(), field.get(null).toString());
      } catch (Exception e) {
        Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect crash info", e);
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * 添加自定义参数
   */
  private void addCustomInfo() {

  }

  /**
   * 保存错误信息到文件中
   *
   * @param ex
   * @return 返回文件名称,便于将文件传送到服务器
   */
  private String saveCrashInfo2File(Throwable ex) {

    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
    for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : paramsMap.entrySet()) {
      String key = entry.getKey();
      String value = entry.getValue();
      sb.append(key + "=" + value + "\n");
    }

    Writer writer = new StringWriter();
    PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(writer);
    ex.printStackTrace(printWriter);
    Throwable cause = ex.getCause();
    while (cause != null) {
      cause.printStackTrace(printWriter);
      cause = cause.getCause();
    }
    printWriter.close();
    String result = writer.toString();
    sb.append(result);
    try {
      long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
      String time = format.format(new Date());
      String fileName = "crash-" + time + "-" + timestamp + ".log";
      if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
        String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/crash/";
        File dir = new File(path);
        if (!dir.exists()) {
          dir.mkdirs();
        }
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(path + fileName);
        fos.write(sb.toString().getBytes());
        fos.close();
      }
      return fileName;
    } catch (Exception e) {
      Log.e(TAG, "an error occured while writing file...", e);
    }
    return null;
  }
}

activity管理类

package com.zly.www.basedemo.utils;

import java.util.Stack;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.ActivityManager;
import android.content.Context;

/**
 * Activity管理类：用于管理Activity和退出程序
 * Created by zly on 2016/6/11.
 */
public class AppManager { 

  // Activity栈
  private static Stack<Activity> activityStack;
  // 单例模式
  private static AppManager instance; 

  private AppManager() {
  } 

  /**
   * 单一实例
   */
  public static AppManager getAppManager() {
    if (instance == null) {
      instance = new AppManager();
    }
    return instance;
  } 

  /**
   * 添加Activity到堆栈
   */
  public void addActivity(Activity activity) {
    if (activityStack == null) {
      activityStack = new Stack<Activity>();
    }
    activityStack.add(activity);
  } 

  /**
   * 获取当前Activity（堆栈中最后一个压入的）
   */
  public Activity currentActivity() {
    Activity activity = activityStack.lastElement();
    return activity;
  } 

  /**
   * 结束当前Activity（堆栈中最后一个压入的）
   */
  public void finishActivity() {
    Activity activity = activityStack.lastElement();
    finishActivity(activity);
  } 

  /**
   * 结束指定的Activity
   */
  public void finishActivity(Activity activity) {
    if (activity != null) {
      activityStack.remove(activity);
      activity.finish();
      activity = null;
    }
  } 

  /**
   * 结束指定类名的Activity
   */
  public void finishActivity(Class<?> cls) {
    for (Activity activity : activityStack) {
      if (activity.getClass().equals(cls)) {
        finishActivity(activity);
        break;
      }
    }
  } 

  /**
   * 结束所有Activity
   */
  public void finishAllActivity() {
    for (int i = 0; i < activityStack.size(); i++) {
      if (null != activityStack.get(i)) {
        activityStack.get(i).finish();
      }
    }
    activityStack.clear();
  } 

  /**
   * 退出应用程序
   */
  public void AppExit(Context context) {
    try {
      finishAllActivity();
      //退出程序
      android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());
      System.exit(1);
    } catch (Exception e) {
    }
  }
}

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