Java实现简单客户信息管理系统
本文实例为大家分享了Java实现客户信息管理系统的具体代码,供大家参考,具体内容如下
一、目标
模拟实现一个基于文本界面的《客户信息管理软件》
进一步掌握编程技巧和调试技巧,熟悉面向对象编程
主要涉及以下知识点:
- 类结构的使用:属性、方法及构造器
- 对象的创建与使用
- 类的封装性
- 声明和使用数组
- 数组的插入、删除和替换
- 关键字的使用:this
二、系统结构设计
- CustomerView为主模块,负责菜单的显示和处理用户操作
- CustomerList为Customer对象的管理模块,内部用数组管理一组Customer对象,并提供相应的添加、修改、删除和遍历方法,供CustomerView调用
- Customer为实体对象,用来封装客户信息
三、键盘访问的实现
项目中提供了CMUtility.java类,可用来方便地实现键盘访问。
四、Customer类
Customer为实体类,用来封装客户信息
该类封装客户的以下信息:
- String name :客户姓名
- char gender :性别
- int age :年龄
- String phone:电话号码
- String email :电子邮箱
提供各属性的get/set方法
提供所需的构造器(可自行确定)
五、CustomerList类
CustomerList为Customer对象的管理模块,内部使用数组管理一组Customer对象
本类封装以下信息:
Customer[] customers
:用来保存客户对象的数组int total = 0
:记录已保存客户对象的数量
该类至少提供以下构造器和方法:
public CustomerList(int totalCustomer)
public boolean addCustomer(Customer customer)
public boolean replaceCustomer(int index, Customer cust)
public boolean deleteCustomer(int index)
public Customer[] getAllCustomers()
public Customer getCustomer(int index)
public int getTotal()
六、CustomerView类
CustomerView为主模块,负责菜单的显示和处理用户操作
本类封装以下信息:
CustomerList customerList = new CustomerList(10);
创建最大包含10个客户对象的CustomerList 对象,供以下各成员方法使用。
该类至少提供以下方法:
public void enterMainMenu()
private void addNewCustomer()
private void modifyCustomer()
private void deleteCustomer()
private void listAllCustomers()
public static void main(String[] args)
七、代码
CMUtility类
package com.hsy.pack.project; import java.util.Scanner; /** * CMUtility工具类: * 将不同的功能封装为方法,就是可以直接通过调用方法使用它的功能,而无需考虑具体的功能实现细节。 */ public class CMUtility { private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); /** * 用于界面菜单的选择。该方法读取键盘,如果用户键入'1'-'5'中的任意字符,则方法返回。返回值为用户键入字符。 */ public static char readMenuSelection() { char c; for (; ; ) { String str = readKeyBoard(1, false); c = str.charAt(0); if (c != '1' && c != '2' && c != '3' && c != '4' && c != '5') { System.out.print("选择错误,请重新输入:"); } else break; } return c; } /** * 从键盘读取一个字符,并将其作为方法的返回值。 */ public static char readChar() { String str = readKeyBoard(1, false); return str.charAt(0); } /** * 从键盘读取一个字符,并将其作为方法的返回值。 * 如果用户不输入字符而直接回车,方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。 */ public static char readChar(char defaultValue) { String str = readKeyBoard(1, true); return (str.length() == 0) ? defaultValue : str.charAt(0); } /** * 从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数,并将其作为方法的返回值。 */ public static int readInt() { int n; for (; ; ) { String str = readKeyBoard(2, false); try { n = Integer.parseInt(str); break; } catch (NumberFormatException e) { System.out.print("数字输入错误,请重新输入:"); } } return n; } /** * 从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数,并将其作为方法的返回值。 * 如果用户不输入字符而直接回车,方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。 */ public static int readInt(int defaultValue) { int n; for (; ; ) { String str = readKeyBoard(2, true); if (str.equals("")) { return defaultValue; } try { n = Integer.parseInt(str); break; } catch (NumberFormatException e) { System.out.print("数字输入错误,请重新输入:"); } } return n; } /** * 从键盘读取一个长度不超过limit的字符串,并将其作为方法的返回值。 */ public static String readString(int limit) { return readKeyBoard(limit, false); } /** * 从键盘读取一个长度不超过limit的字符串,并将其作为方法的返回值。 * 如果用户不输入字符而直接回车,方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。 */ public static String readString(int limit, String defaultValue) { String str = readKeyBoard(limit, true); return str.equals("") ? defaultValue : str; } /** * 用于确认选择的输入。该方法从键盘读取‘Y'或'N',并将其作为方法的返回值。 */ public static char readConfirmSelection() { char c; for (; ; ) { String str = readKeyBoard(1, false).toUpperCase(); c = str.charAt(0); if (c == 'Y' || c == 'N') { break; } else { System.out.print("选择错误,请重新输入:"); } } return c; } private static String readKeyBoard(int limit, boolean blankReturn) { String line = ""; while (scanner.hasNextLine()) { line = scanner.nextLine(); if (line.length() == 0) { if (blankReturn) return line; else continue; } if (line.length() < 1 || line.length() > limit) { System.out.print("输入长度(不大于" + limit + ")错误,请重新输入:"); continue; } break; } return line; } }
Customer类
package com.hsy.pack.project; public class Customer { private String name; private char gender; private int age; private String phone; private String email; public Customer(String name, char gender, int age) { this(name, gender, age, "", ""); } public Customer(String name, char gender, int age, String phone, String email) { this.name = name; this.gender = gender; this.age = age; this.phone = phone; this.email = email; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public char getGender() { return gender; } public void setGender(char gender) { this.gender = gender; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public String getPhone() { return phone; } public void setPhone(String phone) { this.phone = phone; } public String getEmail() { return email; } public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; } public String getDetails() { return name + "\t" + gender + "\t" + age + "\t\t" + phone + "\t" + email; } }
CustomerList类
package com.hsy.pack.project; public class CustomerList { private Customer[] customers; private int total = 0; public CustomerList(int totalCustomer) { customers = new Customer[totalCustomer]; } public boolean addCustomer(Customer customer) { if (total >= customers.length) return false; customers[total++] = customer; return true; } public boolean replaceCustomer(int index, Customer cust) { if (index < 0 || index >= total) return false; customers[index] = cust; return true; } public boolean deleteCustomer(int index) { if (index < 0 || index >= total) return false; for (int i = index; i < total - 1; i++) { customers[i] = customers[i + 1]; } customers[--total] = null; return true; } public Customer[] getAllCustomers() { Customer[] custs = new Customer[total]; for (int i = 0; i < total; i++) { custs[i] = customers[i]; } return custs; } public int getTotal() { return total; } public Customer getCustomer(int index) { if (index < 0 || index >= total) return null; return customers[index]; } }
CustomerView类
package com.hsy.pack.project; public class CustomerView { private CustomerList customers = new CustomerList(10); public CustomerView() { Customer cust = new Customer("张三", '男', 30, "010-56253825", "abc@email.com"); customers.addCustomer(cust); } public void enterMainMenu() { boolean loopFlag = true; do { System.out .println("\n-----------------客户信息管理软件-----------------\n"); System.out.println(" 1 添 加 客 户"); System.out.println(" 2 修 改 客 户"); System.out.println(" 3 删 除 客 户"); System.out.println(" 4 客 户 列 表"); System.out.println(" 5 退 出\n"); System.out.print(" 请选择(1-5):"); char key = CMUtility.readMenuSelection(); System.out.println(); switch (key) { case '1': addNewCustomer(); break; case '2': modifyCustomer(); break; case '3': deleteCustomer(); break; case '4': listAllCustomers(); break; case '5': System.out.print("确认是否退出(Y/N):"); char yn = CMUtility.readConfirmSelection(); if (yn == 'Y') loopFlag = false; break; } } while (loopFlag); } private void addNewCustomer() { System.out.println("---------------------添加客户---------------------"); System.out.print("姓名:"); String name = CMUtility.readString(4); System.out.print("性别:"); char gender = CMUtility.readChar(); System.out.print("年龄:"); int age = CMUtility.readInt(); System.out.print("电话:"); String phone = CMUtility.readString(15); System.out.print("邮箱:"); String email = CMUtility.readString(15); Customer cust = new Customer(name, gender, age, phone, email); boolean flag = customers.addCustomer(cust); if (flag) { System.out .println("---------------------添加完成---------------------"); } else { System.out.println("----------------记录已满,无法添加-----------------"); } } private void modifyCustomer() { System.out.println("---------------------修改客户---------------------"); int index = 0; Customer cust = null; for (; ; ) { System.out.print("请选择待修改客户编号(-1退出):"); index = CMUtility.readInt(); if (index == -1) { return; } cust = customers.getCustomer(index - 1); if (cust == null) { System.out.println("无法找到指定客户!"); } else break; } System.out.print("姓名(" + cust.getName() + "):"); String name = CMUtility.readString(4, cust.getName()); System.out.print("性别(" + cust.getGender() + "):"); char gender = CMUtility.readChar(cust.getGender()); System.out.print("年龄(" + cust.getAge() + "):"); int age = CMUtility.readInt(cust.getAge()); System.out.print("电话(" + cust.getPhone() + "):"); String phone = CMUtility.readString(15, cust.getPhone()); System.out.print("邮箱(" + cust.getEmail() + "):"); String email = CMUtility.readString(15, cust.getEmail()); cust = new Customer(name, gender, age, phone, email); boolean flag = customers.replaceCustomer(index - 1, cust); if (flag) { System.out .println("---------------------修改完成---------------------"); } else { System.out.println("----------无法找到指定客户,修改失败--------------"); } } private void deleteCustomer() { System.out.println("---------------------删除客户---------------------"); int index = 0; Customer cust = null; for (; ; ) { System.out.print("请选择待删除客户编号(-1退出):"); index = CMUtility.readInt(); if (index == -1) { return; } cust = customers.getCustomer(index - 1); if (cust == null) { System.out.println("无法找到指定客户!"); } else break; } System.out.print("确认是否删除(Y/N):"); char yn = CMUtility.readConfirmSelection(); if (yn == 'N') return; boolean flag = customers.deleteCustomer(index - 1); if (flag) { System.out.println("---------------------删除完成---------------------"); } else { System.out.println("----------无法找到指定客户,删除失败--------------"); } } private void listAllCustomers() { System.out.println("---------------------------客户列表---------------------------"); Customer[] custs = customers.getAllCustomers(); if (custs.length == 0) { System.out.println("没有客户记录!"); } else { System.out.println("编号\t姓名\t性别\t年龄\t电话\t\t\t邮箱"); for (int i = 0; i < custs.length; i++) { System.out.println(i + 1 + "\t\t" + custs[i].getName() + "\t" + custs[i].getGender() + "\t\t" + custs[i].getAge() + "\t\t" + custs[i].getPhone() + "\t" + custs[i].getEmail()); } } System.out.println("-------------------------客户列表完成-------------------------"); } public static void main(String[] args) { CustomerView cView = new CustomerView(); cView.enterMainMenu(); } }
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